Integrated Project Management

This paper describes a tool to assess building sustainability on micro and small building firms. In recent years occurred great transformations in design and management phases of buildings. Sustainability is very important because the environmental impact of building sector. The application of innovations generally occurs only in mid or large building companies, however the micro and small building companies represent the majority of the companies. We proposed a tool adjusted to smaller context. Using a sample of buildings, the tool demonstrated be adequate, because it is comprehensible and useful to users with different level of education and knowledge about sustainability.

This paper describes a tool to assess building sustainability on micro and small building firms. In recent years occurred great transformations in design and management phases of buildings. Sustainability is very important because the environmental impact of building sector. The application of innovations generally occurs only in mid or large building companies, however the micro and small building companies represent the majority of the companies. We proposed a tool adjusted to smaller context. Using a sample of buildings, the tool demonstrated be adequate, because it is comprehensible and useful to users with different level of education and knowledge about sustainability.

A Structures Assessment Methodology is presented, complementary to the Visual Inspection, which allows, through on-site non-destructive testing (NDT), to deliver as a result a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the "Structural Health" of the different elements. This allows essential information to adjust maintenance cycles or make timely based decisions in critical situations, in order to guarantee future performance. The proposed methodology considers the execution of NDT to determine the state of the reinforcement, the characteristics of the concrete cover, and the presence of cracks. By means of the extraction of cores of smaller size (1") the ingress of carbonation or chlorides is determined. The results measured on-site are weighted to determine a Deterioration Index DI. The aggressiveness of the environment is included through an Environmental Exposure Index EEI. The incorporation of the results to the CTK-ConDiagÒ Model allows the combination of both indices, obtaining a Structure Global Deterioration Level SGDL, which measures the degree of damage determined at 6 levels. The proposed methodology is presented with the results of the study carried out on two specific bridges in Chile under different climatic conditions.

A Structures Assessment Methodology is presented, complementary to the Visual Inspection, which allows, through on-site non-destructive testing (NDT), to deliver as a result a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the "Structural Health" of the different elements. This allows essential information to adjust maintenance cycles or make timely based decisions in critical situations, in order to guarantee future performance. The proposed methodology considers the execution of NDT to determine the state of the reinforcement, the characteristics of the concrete cover, and the presence of cracks. By means of the extraction of cores of smaller size (1") the ingress of carbonation or chlorides is determined. The results measured on-site are weighted to determine a Deterioration Index DI. The aggressiveness of the environment is included through an Environmental Exposure Index EEI. The incorporation of the results to the CTK-ConDiagÒ Model allows the combination of both indices, obtaining a Structure Global Deterioration Level SGDL, which measures the degree of damage determined at 6 levels. The proposed methodology is presented with the results of the study carried out on two specific bridges in Chile under different climatic conditions.

This paper presents and discusses the results of an experimental study aimed at characterizing the mechanical properties of an innovative and patented concrete masonry solid block with non-conventional geometry. The measured response in the new non-conventional block is compared with a conventional solid block. The experimental program was planned to verify whether the new block complies with the minimum values prescribed by the NSR-10 Colombian Code for being used as an unreinforced structural masonry block. The verification includes tests of water absorption and compressive strength of blocks, compressive strength of prisms, and flexural bond strength of standard beams. The similitudes or differences between the two types of blocks and prisms were evaluated using ANOVA tests. The results obtained demonstrated that both types of blocks comply with the requirements prescribed by NSR-10. Moreover, the flexural bond strength of the new block is roughly two times higher than that of th...

From a digital ecosystem perspective, sustainability is a manifestation of a composite entity with multiple data attribute dimensions. The data relationships may emerge between geographically distributed supply chain management ecosystems and their linked human, economic and environment ecologies. The ecosystems may exhibit inherent connections and interactions. For making connections more resilient, we characterize models that serve multiple industries through numerous data associations, even in Big Data scales. In the context of Integrated Project Management (IPM), the knowledge of boundaries between systems is mysterious, analysing diverse ecosystems through a sustainable framework can uncover new insights of inherent connections. The purpose of this research is to develop a holistic information system approach, in which multidimensional data and their connectivity are analysed, recognizing the ontological cogency, uniqueness of ecosystems and their data sources. The research outcome has facilitated the tactical development of strategies for ameliorating the sustainability challenges in the IPM contexts.

This article addresses the preparation of a concrete using recycled aggregates obtained from the rubble recovery of concrete and masonry works. The study shows some aspects such as: compressive strength at 3, 7, 14, 28, 56 and 91 days; porosity, ultrasonic pulse speed and carbonation; economic costs compared to a conventional concrete; and a review of the public policies on sustainable construction and the use of rubble, in the city of Medellin, Colombia. For some mixes, the compressive strength and the ultrasonic pulse speed measurements were approximately the 98% of that of the reference mix. Likewise, the mix prepared with 100% of recycled aggregates showed a difference in the carbonation deepness of only 0.7 mm compared with the mix of reference for a simulated age of 27 years. The results obtained with the replacement of natural coarse and fine aggregates in 25%, 50%, and 100%, and the advance in the political-administrative guidelines of the city in the last eleven years, allow deducing the possibility of preparing structural and non-structural concretes for massive use in the construction area.

Se aborda la confección del concreto con aguas lluvia y se compara su desempeño con respecto a los elaborados con agua potabilizada, empleada convencionalmente. Las muestras confeccionadas se estudiaron en cuanto a la resistencia al esfuerzo a compresión a edades de 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, 56 y 90 días, analizando también su microestructura por medio de microscopía de barrido electrónico (SEM) y caracterizando el agua involucrada mediante laboratorio certificado. Luego de analizar los resultados, se ve factible que la confección del concreto puede hacerse de modo más racional en cuanto a la utilización del recurso hídrico, sin sacrificar sus cualidades mecánicas, estéticas y de estabilidad. A su vez, se contempla la posibilidad de establecer una práctica que pueda ser replicable en el contexto colombiano.

This paper presents and discusses the results of an experimental study aimed at characterizing the mechanical properties of an innovative and patented concrete masonry solid block with non-conventional geometry. The measured response in the new non-conventional block is compared with a conventional solid block. The experimental program was planned to verify whether the new block complies with the minimum values prescribed by the NSR-10 Colombian Code for being used as an unreinforced structural masonry block. The verification includes tests of water absorption and compressive strength of blocks, compressive strength of prisms, and flexural bond strength of standard beams. The similitudes or differences between the two types of blocks and prisms were evaluated using ANOVA tests. The results obtained demonstrated that both types of blocks comply with the requirements prescribed by NSR-10. Moreover, the flexural bond strength of the new block is roughly two times higher than that of the conventional block. The study results confirm that the new innovative block can be used for masonry structures.

From a digital ecosystem perspective, sustainability is a manifestation of a composite entity with multiple data attribute dimensions. The data relationships may emerge between geographically distributed supply chain management ecosystems and their linked human, economic and environment ecologies. The ecosystems may exhibit inherent connections and interactions. For making connections more resilient, we characterize models that serve multiple industries through numerous data associations, even in Big Data scales. In the context of Integrated Project Management (IPM), the knowledge of boundaries between systems is mysterious, analysing diverse ecosystems through a sustainable framework can uncover new insights of inherent connections. The purpose of this research is to develop a holistic information system approach, in which multidimensional data and their connectivity are analysed, recognizing the ontological cogency, uniqueness of ecosystems and their data sources. The research outcome has facilitated the tactical development of strategies for ameliorating the sustainability challenges in the IPM contexts.

Historically, public buildings are not importantly addressed in Brazil, resulting in several buildings dropped to the ruins and unnecessary acquisitions of new spaces by public institutions. The present study was carried out in a building part of the extinct industrial building of the Anglo fridge in Pelotas. The main objective was to evaluate state of degradation state through non-destructive tests in a case study of a public building of Federal Education Institution. Visual analysis, damage map, measurement of nominal coverings, sclerometry tests, silver nitrate spray and phenolphthalein test were performed. The building presents worrying deterioration levels, chlorides, and carbonation presence and several stains moisture. These facts lead concrete detachment, reinforcements corrosion and losses in slabs, beams, and pillars sections.

This research was conducted to determine the effect of the scallop shell lime (SSL) on the compressive strength of concrete made with Portland cement type Ico and natural aggregates from a quarry, where SSL was added at 3%, 4% and 5%. The physical and mechanical characteristics of the aggregates were determined based on the N.T.P. 400.037/ASTM C22 standard, and the mix design was carried out through the ACI method. The SSL was used due to the high calcium content present in the valve. Standard concrete controls were prepared and cured by adding 3%, 4% and 5% SSL (339.0183/ASTM C192M), which were analyzed at 7, 14 and 28 days of curing. The results showed that the compressive strength at 28 days was 242.63 kg/cm2 when 3% SSL was added, increasing with respect to the standard control by 16%. With the addition of 4% SSL, the maximum strength reached was 245.25 kg/cm2, and with 5%, the compressive strength reached was 261.17 kg/cm2, increasing by 24%. In conclusion, the SSL positively a...

From a digital ecosystem perspective, sustainability is a manifestation of a composite entity with multiple data attribute dimensions. The data relationships may emerge between geographically distributed supply chain management ecosystems and their linked human, economic and environment ecologies. The ecosystems may exhibit inherent connections and interactions. For making connections more resilient, we characterize models that serve multiple industries through numerous data associations, even in Big Data scales. In the context of Integrated Project Management (IPM), the knowledge of boundaries between systems is mysterious, analysing diverse ecosystems through a sustainable framework can uncover new insights of inherent connections. The purpose of this research is to develop a holistic information system approach, in which multidimensional data and their connectivity are analysed, recognizing the ontological cogency, uniqueness of ecosystems and their data sources. The research outcome has facilitated the tactical development of strategies for ameliorating the sustainability challenges in the IPM contexts.

Carbonation of concrete is the second reason of corrosion on reinforced concrete structures. This has led to study the methods that might be useful for defining, from the phase of project, the conditions that a certain concrete must have, besides resisting mechanically, to be resistant to external attacks like it is the effect of the CO2 of industrial environments. With the purpose of establishing a simple method of testing that complements the compressive strength, and that allows to predict the useful life of the concrete in terms of its carbonation, possible relations were studied between four parameters: depth of carbonation, capillary absorption, porosity and compressive strength. Samples were made by concretes with w/c 0.45 – 0.53 – 0.59. The three concretes were prepared under the same procedures and with the same cement, sand, gravel and additives. The samples were tested to compressive strength, capillary absorption and porosity, at different times of accelerated carbonatio...

In this study, the variation of pulse velocity around a cylindrical concrete section at various path lengths were measured and compared. The most convenient path length for measuring pulse velocity was found in circular concrete section with a diameter of 400 mm.

In this study, the variation of pulse velocity around a cy lindrical concrete section at various path lengths were measured and compared. The most convenient path length for measuring pulse velocity was found in circular concrete section with a diameter of 400 mm.

Introduction: This article is a product of the research “The influence of stone aggregates of the Rodeb distribution center on the mechanical properties of the concrete used for the construction of the free trade zone of Tocancipa”, developed at the University Santo Tomas and carried out during 2017. Methodology: The use of crushed stone aggregates without quality standards, those that guarantee the resistance of commercial concrete, is a problem in the country; with the understanding that the physical properties of stone aggregates affect the physical properties of fresh concrete and hardening strength. In this study, crushed stone aggregates of a “Rodeb” collection center in Tocancipa, used for the construction of its Free Trade Zone and of technically supported aggregate types in the capital city, will be physically characterized to measure the mechanical variation in concrete of 21 and 28 MPa. Results: It was found that the “Rodeb collection” aggregates comply with the physical ...

Este trabajo resume unos criterios fundamentales para el dlagnostico y la posterior rehabilitacion de las estructuras de acero. La adaptacion de los edificios a los nuevos usos demandados por la sociedad junto con la creciente preocupacion por la conservacion del Patrimonio Arquitectonico, implican la necesidad de revisar los procedimientos tradicionales en la intervencion y conservacion de las construcciones historicas. Entre las posibles lineas de actuacion, este trabajo se centra en las ventajas de la rehabilitacion de las estructuras metalicas medlante su transformacion en estructuras mixtas. Junto con las ventajas derivadas del comportamiento mecanico como seccion mixta, hay que anadir el reducido coste y la mejora de numerosos aspectos como pueden ser el aislamiento acustico, termico, etc. En este trabajo se presentan los trabajos de rehabilitacion llevados a cabo en dos edificios emblematicos de la capital: el edificio del Circulo de Bellas Artes y el Centro Cultural "La...

Carbonation of concrete is the second reason of corrosion on reinforced concrete structures. This has led to study the methods that might be useful for defining, from the phase of project, the conditions that a certain concrete must have, besides resisting mechanically, to be resistant to external attacks like it is the effect of the CO2 of industrial environments. With the purpose of establishing a simple method of testing that complements the compressive strength, and that allows to predict the useful life of the concrete in terms of its carbonation, possible relations were studied between four parameters: depth of carbonation, capillary absorption, porosity and compressive strength. Samples were made by concretes with w/c 0.45 – 0.53 – 0.59. The three concretes were prepared under the same procedures and with the same cement, sand, gravel and additives. The samples were tested to compressive strength, capillary absorption and porosity, at different times of accelerated carbonatio...

In this study, the variation of pulse velocity around a cylindrical concrete section at various path lengths were measured and compared. The most convenient path length for measuring pulse velocity was found in circular concrete section with a diameter of 400 mm.

In this study, the variation of pulse velocity around a cy lindrical concrete section at various path lengths were measured and compared. The most convenient path length for measuring pulse velocity was found in circular concrete section with a diameter of 400 mm.

Resumen Este trabajo resume unos criterios fundamentales para el diagnóstico y la posterior rehabilitación de las estructuras de acero. La adaptación de los edificios a los nuevos usos demandados por la sociedad junto con la creciente preocupación por la conservación del Patrimonio Arquitectónico, implican la necesidad de revisar los procedimientos tradicionales en la intervención y conservación de las construcciones históricas. Entre las posibles líneas de actuación, este trabajo se centra en las ventajas de la rehabilitación de las estructuras metálicas mediante su transformación en estructuras mixtas. Junto con las ventajas derivadas del comportamiento mecánico como sección mixta, hay que añadir el reducido coste y la mejora de numerosos aspectos como pueden ser el aislamiento acústico, térmico, etc. En este trabajo se presentan los trabajos de rehabilitación llevados a cabo en dos edificios emblemáticos de la capital: el edificio del Círculo de Bellas Artes y el Centro Cultural "La Casa Encendida".

Introduction: This article is a product of the research “The influence of stone aggregates of the Rodeb distribution center on the mechanical properties of the concrete used for the construction of the free trade zone of Tocancipa”, developed at the University Santo Tomas and carried out during 2017. Methodology: The use of crushed stone aggregates without quality standards, those that guarantee the resistance of commercial concrete, is a problem in the country; with the understanding that the physical properties of stone aggregates affect the physical properties of fresh concrete and hardening strength. In this study, crushed stone aggregates of a “Rodeb” collection center in Tocancipa, used for the construction of its Free Trade Zone and of technically supported aggregate types in the capital city, will be physically characterized to measure the mechanical variation in concrete of 21 and 28 MPa. Results: It was found that the “Rodeb collection” aggregates comply with the physical ...

Resumen Este trabajo resume unos criterios fundamentales para el diagnóstico y la posterior rehabilitación de las estructuras de acero. La adaptación de los edificios a los nuevos usos demandados por la sociedad junto con la creciente preocupación por la conservación del Patrimonio Arquitectónico, implican la necesidad de revisar los procedimientos tradicionales en la intervención y conservación de las construcciones históricas. Entre las posibles líneas de actuación, este trabajo se centra en las ventajas de la rehabilitación de las estructuras metálicas mediante su transformación en estructuras mixtas. Junto con las ventajas derivadas del comportamiento mecánico como sección mixta, hay que añadir el reducido coste y la mejora de numerosos aspectos como pueden ser el aislamiento acústico, térmico, etc. En este trabajo se presentan los trabajos de rehabilitación llevados a cabo en dos edificios emblemáticos de la capital: el edificio del Círculo de Bellas Artes y el Centro Cultural "La Casa Encendida".

In this study, the effect of incorporating hollow glass microspheres (HGM) on the mechanical properties of modified concrete with CR (crumb rubber) was evaluated. Different concrete samples replacing 15% of fine aggregates (total weight of CR + HGM = 15%) were prepared. It was found that the increase in the microsphere content was directly proportional to the slump, compressive strength, and the modulus of elasticity. The increase in the microsphere content was inversely proportional to density. Additionally, we found that in the modified concrete, the width, height and the number of cracks increased as the HGM content increases. The combined sample HGM12.5-CR2.5 (the one with the highest content of microspheres) resulted in concrete with the highest compressive strength of 19.1 MPa, which is 243% stronger than the concrete with only crumb rubber (9.2 MPa). From the XRD results, we were able to detect the presence of different phases formed by hydration during the process of preparing concrete mixtures. The micrographs allowed identifying the fracture in the microspheres during the preparation of the concrete mixtures when they came into contact with the aggregates. The addition of hollow glass microspheres to the mixtures prepared from crumb rubber improved their mechanical properties, and this makes it a potential system that can replace the traditional materials in the production of concrete.

In the AEC industry, Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) is a contractual paradigm shift that encourages project parties to change the nature of their relationships by sharing risks and rewards through integration and collaboration in design and construction processes. Through its ever-increasing application, IPD has changed roles, responsibilities, and participation of architects and design firms in projects. While the existing literature has shown how an IPD context is different from traditional project delivery methods, very little research has focused on the changes integrated practices are causing in the architectural domain. To fill this gap, we review prior research to identify, extract, and report perceptions of integrated practices and their impact on architectural practice and compare these to IPD concepts and definitions. The main goal of this study is to offer some important insights into often unnoticed and non-obvious changes in architects’ roles and influence in integrated practices. The study examines four thematic comparisons between existing literature and IPD definitions in collaboration processes, project leadership and management, means and methods of team communication, and risks and liabilities. From these comparisons, we conclude that integrated practices have changed architects’ roles and responsibilities in terms of design leadership, design decision making, contractual transactions, and design control of architectural quality. The implications for architectural practice are considered by addressing risks and opportunities. The outcomes of IPD in terms of the concerns of architects and industry participants’ perceptions deserve to be addressed by how integrated practices are defined, promoted, and advanced through the AEC industry.

This article addresses the preparation of a concrete using recycled aggregates obtained from the rubble recovery of concrete and masonry works. The study showssome aspects such as: compressive strength at 3, 7, 14, 28, 56 and 91 days; porosity, ultrasonic pulse speed and carbonation; economic costs compared to aconventional concrete; and a review of the public policies on sustainable construction and the use of rubble, in the city of Medellin, Colombia. For some mixes, thecompressive strength and the ultrasonic pulse speed measurements were approximately the 98% of that of the reference mix. Likewise, the mix prepared with 100%of recycled aggregates showed a difference in the carbonation deepness of only 0.7 mm compared with the mix of reference for a simulated age of 27 years. Theresults obtained with the replacement of natural coarse and fine aggregates in 25%, 50%, and 100%, and the advance in the political-administrative guidelines of thecity in the last eleven years, allow deducing the possibility of preparing structural and non-structural concretes for massive use in the construction area.

Este artículo aborda la confección de un concreto usando agregados reciclados obtenidos de la valorización de escombros de concreto y mampostería. Se muestranaspectos como resistencia al esfuerzo de la compresión a 3, 7, 14, 28, 56 y 91 días; porosidad, velocidad de pulso ultrasónico y carbonatación; costo económico encomparación con un concreto convencional; y una reseña de las políticas públicas de Construcción Sostenible y aprovechamiento de escombros formuladas en Medellín,Colombia. La resistencia al esfuerzo de la compresión y las medidas de velocidad de pulso ultrasónico en algunas mezclas fueron del orden del 98 % de la mezcla dereferencia; así mismo la mezcla confeccionada con 100 % de agregados reciclados, mostró una diferencia en cuanto a la profundidad de carbonatación de tan solo 0.7mm con respecto a la mezcla de referencia para una edad simulada de 27 años. Los resultados obtenidos con sustituciones de agregados naturales por agregadosreciclados gruesos y finos en porcentajes del 25 %, 50 % y 100 %, y el avance en los lineamientos político-administrativos de la municipalidad en los once añosrecientes, permiten deducir la posibilidad de confeccionar concretos estructurales y no estructurales para uso masivo en la construcción.

Rev. ing. constr. [online]. 2015, vol.30, n.2, pp. 99-108. ISSN 0718-5073.  http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-50732015000200002