Institutional Presidency

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Institutional presidency refers to the organizational structure, functions, and processes of the presidential office within a government, focusing on how the presidency operates as an institution, its relationship with other branches of government, and its role in shaping policy and governance.

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Focus | LATIN AMERICA Government Changeover without a Majority – Latin American Presidents' Executive Strategies

by Mariana Llanos

The recently established presidents in Argentina, Brazil, and Peru are seeking to implement governmental agendas that represent a policy shift with respect to previous administrations. However, in doing so, they face political and social... more

»t left the government, but it has become increasingly critical of Temer. Since the policy shifts pushed by these presidents depend on large pro-reform, if not

On the right side, the table reports on the executive agencies. They are grouped ac- cording to three areas: the number of ministries and the number of units located directly under the presidential authority (the IP or presidential office), and whether or not there is a cabinet coordination office. The ministries are policy units par excellence, while the units of the IP have historically had different functions. They are mainly meant to provide administrative support to the president and other core managerial functions, but have also included advisory tasks and policy implementa- tion (Inacio 2012; Inacio and Llanos 2015). The three executives under study vary in terms of the number and type of units that compose the three areas of the ex- ecutive structure. Some of these variations already begin in the constitutional text. The Argentine and Peruvian constitutions establish the Jefatura of the Ministers’ Cabinet (JGM) and the Presidency of the Council of Ministers (PGM), respectively, which are defined as institutions responsible for cabinet coordination, among other administrative and managerial tasks. Interestingly, the two institutions have been growing in both countries for some time, and their tasks have expanded even to entail policy-oriented functions. On the right side, the table reports on the executive agencies. They are grouped ac- In defining the executive structure, presidents seek to achieve several goals. Table 2 summarises the executive politics of the three new presidents. On the left side, it shows the ministerial composition, whether single party or multiparty. Seeking to forge a strong legislative coalition, Temer adopted a highly partisan cabinet and shared portfolio positions among party allies, nominating a few non-partisan min- isters. Macri and Kuczynski also used ministerial positions to foster political sup- port, but they did not go further than including the parties of the electoral alliance. Macri’s party predominates over coalition partners and non-partisan ministers in the cabinet. His ministers demonstrate political experience and technical expertise. More markedly, Kuczynski opted for a cabinet predominantly made up of non-par- tisan technocrats, although some of them have had previous political government tisan technocrats, although some of them have had previous political government

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