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Forward Chaining and Backward Chaining

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Forward chaining and backward chaining are inference techniques used in artificial intelligence and logic programming. Forward chaining starts with known facts and applies rules to infer new facts, while backward chaining begins with a goal and works backward to determine which facts must be true to achieve that goal.
lightbulbAbout this topic
Forward chaining and backward chaining are inference techniques used in artificial intelligence and logic programming. Forward chaining starts with known facts and applies rules to infer new facts, while backward chaining begins with a goal and works backward to determine which facts must be true to achieve that goal.

Key research themes

1. How do forward and backward chaining strategies affect learning of geometry theorem proving with construction?

This theme explores the comparative efficacy of forward chaining (FC) and backward chaining (BC) problem-solving strategies in teaching students how to construct geometric proofs involving constructions. It is significant as theorem proving with construction is a challenging skill, and optimizing instructional strategies using intelligent tutoring systems can accelerate student learning.

Key finding: The study demonstrates through an intelligent tutoring system that both FC and BC strategies can be comprehended by students for geometry theorem proving with constructions, but it empirically compares which strategy leads to... Read more

2. What are the roles and properties of forward adjacency matrices and their inverses in representing directed acyclic graphs (trees)?

This theme investigates a special matrix called the forward adjacency matrix, defined for connected, acyclic directed graphs (trees), where node numbering reflects graph directionality. The matrix entries (0, 1, -1) encode connectivity and direction. Understanding the properties of this matrix and its inverse is vital in graph theory and network analysis, with applications in circuit theory and state space modeling.

Key finding: The paper rigorously proves that for a directed acyclic graph with strict node indexing reflecting direction, the forward adjacency matrix is upper-triangular and its inverse exhibits distinctive structural properties. These... Read more

3. How can forward chaining methods be effectively applied in expert systems for diagnostic reasoning and knowledge representation?

This theme focuses on the deployment of forward chaining—a data-driven reasoning approach—in expert systems for automated diagnosis and problem solving. Forward chaining starts with known facts and applies inference rules to reach conclusions, contrasted with backward chaining that starts from goals. Its practical utility spans expert systems in medical diagnosis, failure detection, and knowledge-based applications.

Key finding: The paper presents the design and implementation of a web-based expert system for diagnosing bone fractures using forward chaining, showing that a forward-chaining inference engine can effectively model expert decision... Read more

All papers in Forward Chaining and Backward Chaining

Penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem pakar berbasis aturan yang dioptimasi dengan pendekatan hybrid forward-backward chaining dan certainty factor untuk identifikasi binatang langka. Sistem dirancang melalui kolaborasi dengan ahli zoologi... more
Abstract: Two problem solving strategies, forward chaining and backward chaining, were compared to see how they affect students' learning of geometry theorem proving with construction. In order to determine which strategy accelerates... more
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Blockchain has received widespread attention due to its decentralization, openness, autonomy, information tamper proof, and anonymity, and is currently on the rise. Some fatal weaknesses have been widely criticized in the process of... more
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In this expert system will be created an expert system that will be used to diagnose diseases of bone fractures in humans using forward chaining and it is an application designed with engineering reasoning and tracking forward the start... more
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