Export Performance

The authors investigate how strategic resource decisions—regarding slack resources and strategic marketing ambidexterity—influence the relationship between internationalization and firm performance of emerging-market firms. Drawing on the resource-based view, the authors synthesize two dominant, yet divergent, perspectives that explain the respective resource slack advantages and liabilities in the internationalization literature: the flexible capacity and the efficient capacity perspectives. They also explore the moderating role of strategic marketing ambidexterity, which comprises a bundle of marketing activities covering both exploitation-dominant actions and exploration-dominant actions. The authors empirically examine the hypothesized relationships with data from a sample of 1,683 firm-year observations for the period between 2005 and 2018 and find that distinct forms of resource slack have contrasting effects on the relationship between internationalization and performance. Th...

The objective of this study is to assess the export performance of emerging markets over the period 2018-2022, utilising multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques. In this study, the CRITIC method was employed to assign weights to the criteria, and the TOPSIS and COPRAS methods were utilized to rank the emerging markets according to their export performance. The most significant criterion for the CRITIC method is the export growth rate. The world export share was identified as the export performance indicator with the lowest criterion weight. According to the TOPSIS and COPRAS methods, China demonstrated the highest export performance across all years. When considering the period average according to both methods, Türkiye was ranked 11th in the export performance ranking. Chile, Colombia, Peru, and India exhibited the lowest export performance according to the average of the period.

Nigeria currently has the largest economy in Africa with a GDP of $477.38 billion (Michael, 2023). However, the country's great fortune, which is majorly driven by petroleum exports, has not successfully translated into a sustained economic development, as the nation continues to endure widespread poverty and income inequality for decades due to many contributing factors, including rapid population growth, low standard of education, and corruption. Consequently, Nigeria has looked to Overseas Development Assistance (ODA) as one of many means to address its economic problems, and this ODA phenomenon has raised debates among scholars with regards to its positive or negative impact, and the significance of such impact on the Nigerian Economy. This study investigated the amount of ODA received by Nigeria for the period 1981-2021, and the changes that such assistance has effected on the GDP of the nation. The study examined the empirical research by other scholars, for the same study, under a spectrum of economic, geographic and political climates. The Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds Cointegration Test and the Granger Causality test were adopted for this study, and the results revealed that ODA impacted Nigeria's GDP significantly and positively in the period of study. This study therefore recommends that the Federal Government of Nigeria, as well as other stakeholders, should pursue and maintain more favourable relationships with the international multilateral and bilateral donors, in order to boost economic growth in Nigeria.

in successful import penetration in medium-high and medium-low technological intensity of the products. R&D spending can play important role in strategies of export-oriented industrialization by a shift of merchandise exports towards higher technological intensity of the products and in successful import penetration.

Vietnam's agriculture plays a pivotal role in ensuring food security, supporting rural livelihoods and contributing significantly to national economic growth. However, the sector is facing increasing challenges from climate change, resource depletion, environmental degradation and market volatility. Promoting sustainable agricultural development is therefore essential to balance economic efficiency with environmental protection and social equity. This paper discusses the key drivers, opportunities and obstacles to advancing sustainable agriculture in Vietnam. It emphasizes the importance of applying modern technology, enhancing value chains, promoting green production models and strengthening institutional frameworks. The study also proposes policy recommendations and strategic solutions to foster innovation, improve competitiveness and ensure long-term resilience of Vietnam's agricultural sector.

Sea bream (Sparus aurata) is being produced and exported more and more with the increasing demand worldwide. Sea bream is a prominent species, especially in Mediterranean aquaculture, and its importance is growing for exporting countries. The increase in sea bream exports and competition necessitates closer monitoring of the performance of exporting countries. In this context, this study aims to evaluate the export performance of the world's top sea bream exporting countries using multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques. In the study, CRITIC, SD, and combined methods were used to weight the criteria. The MAIRCA method was used to rank the export performance of the countries. In addition, BORDA counting methods were integrated into these methods, and more precise results were obtained. Thus, the highest weights in criterion weighting are the annual growth rate of exports in the last five years and market concentration. Conversely, net trade had the lowest criterion weight. Greece, Türkiye, and Morocco had the highest performance in sea bream exports, respectively. Cyprus had the lowest performance in sea bream exports. To improve their performance in exporting sea bream, countries must emphasize export growth, increase the value of exports per unit, and focus on exporting to more countries.

Recent research has sought to explore whether exporting enterprises have superior performance characteristics relative to non-exporters, and whether such superiority is associated with performance pre-and/or post-exporting. This paper extends existing research by examining the influence of export market destination on firm performance. It explores these issues using micro data on Irish manufacturing between 1991 and 1998, a time period during which Ireland experienced rapid export-driven growth. The study provides further evidence of the superior characteristics of exporters relative to nonexporters and supports the self-selection hypothesis that superior enterprises are more likely to export. We find export destination matters: the performance characteristics of enterprises that export globally differ from those that export locally.

This study explores the determinants of the export performance of Indonesia's low-, medium-, and high-technology manufacturing industries by focusing on the role of rawmaterial imports and technical efficiency. Micro firm-level data from 2010-2015 were utilized for the analysis in this study. The stochastic frontier analysis was employed to measure technical inefficiency and to determine its effect on export performance. Our findings indicate that in all categories of industry technical efficiency, raw materials imports, foreign direct investment (FDI), location, firm size, labour productivity, and concentration of industries were significant determinants of export performance. While high efficiency increases exports in low-and medium-technology firms, exports decrease in firms with high efficiency accompanied by high imports, FDI, size, and labour productivity. Furthermore, in high-technology industries, efficiency reduces exports and again increases them when mediated by a concentration of industries and location. The empirical strategy also supports the positive effect of imports on export performance in both industries, which also aligns with decreased exports in firms with high imports accompanied by high FDI, efficiency, labour productivity, the concentration of industries, and size. To this end, the study has implications for low-, medium-, and high-technology manufacturing that are mainly concerned with increasing exports.

This paper aims to measure trade competitiveness of Research and Development (R&D) intensive goods of Turkey in the European Union (EU) market, using different trade indices. Concentration Ratio (Michaely, 1958), Export-Import Commodity Composition Index (Muscatelli, 1991), Intra-Industry Trade Index (Grubel, Lloyd, 1971) and Sectoral-Bilateral Trade Intensity Ratios (Seymen, 2009) are calculated to analyze the technology composition of manufacturing goods trade between Turkey and the EU27. Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (Balassa, 1965), Marjinal Intra-Industry Trade Index (Brulhart, 1994), and Sectoral-Bilateral Competitiveness Index (Seymen, 2009) are employed to gain insight about the bilateral competition between two parties. Thus, once the general situation related to the R&D intensive goods trade between Turkey and the EU is detected, it will be possible to draw some policy implications through a future study in the following phase, by identifying the value added structu...

The bounds testing (augmented autoregressive distributed lag, ARDL) technique to cointegration was used in this study to investigate the effect of household income and expenditure on tertiary school enrolment in Nigeria from 1970 to 2020. The model was employed to estimate the relationship between these three variables while also accounting for interactions with total education expenditure. When the dependent variable is tertiary school enrollment, the bounds tests show that the variables of interest are bound together in the long run. Tertiary education is widely regarded in Nigeria as a path to higherpaying jobs and a better quality of life, so some interesting observations were made. It was discovered that there is a significant negative relationship between GDP per capita, which is a proxy for household income. The findings also show that a household's consumption expenditure provides tertiary education enrollment power; an increase in a household's consumption expenditure increases the tertiary education enrollment ratio. When the variables deviate from their equilibrium values, the speed of adjustment to equilibrium is 128% within a year. The study suggests that the government establish more tertiary institutions and improve the reputation of existing ones by adequately funding them.

The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of ICT on the performance of Colombian manufacturing SMEs in export markets. In doing so, we explore the direct effect of ICT on exports and propose a new indirect effect that operates through imports: purchasing foreign intermediates incentivise ICT use, and ICT experience on imports exerts a positive impact on exports. To perform our empirical analysis, we estimate a dynamic generalised linear model (GLM) that accounts for the fact that export intensity is a proportion and corrects for sample selection. The dataset we use is the result of merging three databases: the Annual Manufacturing Survey (EAM); the Innovation and Technological Development Survey (EDIT), and the Annual ICT Manufacturing Survey (EAM-TIC), published by the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE) in six waves since 2013 to 2018. Our main results uncover that the impacts of different ICT components on export intensity are always positive (direct effect). Further, there is also evidence that previous experience in ICT use on import activity affects the firm's current export performance (indirect effect). Other results show persistence in export performance or self-selection to continue exporting, among others.

This research deals with a particular business organisation model, such as manufacturing cooperatives. The general aim is to analyse the relationship between cooperatives’ export behaviour and their size. The specific objectives are twofold: i) to determine whether size is positively related to the cooperatives’ export status (exporters versus non-exporters) and ii) to analyse the relevance of size on cooperatives’ export intensity.  We use data at the Spanish firm-level that covers the period 1991 to 2016. The research confirms that cooperatives’ behaviour with respect to exports is similar to that highlighted in the literature for capitalist companies. We have reached an empirical basis for affirming that cooperatives' size significantly influences the decision to export or not to export, but once that step has been taken, the intensity of the exports responds to a plurality of causes, among which the size of the cooperative is not the most important. The results reveal that h...

This research deals with a particular business organisation model, such as manufacturing cooperatives. The general aim is to analyse the relationship between cooperatives' export behaviour and their size. The specific objectives are twofold: i) to determine whether size is positively related to the cooperatives' export status (exporters versus non-exporters) and ii) to analyse the relevance of size on cooperatives' export intensity. We use data at the Spanish firm-level that covers the period 1991 to 2016. The research confirms that cooperatives' behaviour with respect to exports is similar to that highlighted in the literature for capitalist companies. We have reached an empirical basis for affirming that cooperatives' size significantly influences the decision to export or not to export, but once that step has been taken, the intensity of the exports responds to a plurality of causes, among which the size of the cooperative is not the most important. The results reveal that higher levels of export intensity are positively linked to higher levels of productivity, wages and innovation.

Vietnam’s aquaculture exports play a pivotal role in the national economy, contributing significantly to GDP growth, rural employment, and global trade presence. Despite achieving impressive milestones—such as export revenues surpassing USD 11 billion in 2022—the sector continues to face challenges including rising input costs, stricter international standards, and fierce competition from other exporting countries.

This study investigates the current status of Vietnam’s aquaculture exports between 2022 and 2024, analyzes key influencing factors, and proposes solutions to enhance export performance. Secondary data were collected from official sources such as the General Statistics Office, Ministry of Industry and Trade, General Department of Fisheries, and the Vietnam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers, supplemented by academic articles and news reports. The research employs descriptive statistics and comparison of absolute and relative figures to identify export trends, assess competitiveness, and evaluate the impact of international market fluctuations.

The findings highlight that Vietnam’s seafood industry has achieved global reach, exporting to more than 170 countries and ranking third worldwide in export value. However, export turnover fluctuated sharply—from a record high of USD 11 billion in 2022 to a decline in 2023 due to inflation, high logistics costs, and weakened demand—before signs of recovery in 2024. To strengthen competitiveness, the study proposes measures such as optimizing Free Trade Agreement (FTA) opportunities, reducing domestic production costs, ensuring compliance with international standards, investing in deep-processing technologies, and enhancing trade promotion. These recommendations aim to support the sustainable growth of Vietnam’s aquaculture exports and reinforce its position in the global seafood market.

Con este trabajo se intenta arrojar un poco de luz a la controversia que existe entre los estudiosos del marketing internacional entre la estandarización frente a la adaptación. En este caso nos centramos en el precio, y demostramos como para el caso de una gran compañía automovilística se comprueba la adaptación de precios de uno de sus modelos de coche a grupos de países dentro de la Unión Europea. Hemos llevado a cabo un profundo análisis de la literatura (utilizando un enfoque meta-analítico) sobre precios internacionales. Se han formulado una serie de proposiciones teóricas que se han contrastado con el análisis de los datos. Hemos agrupado países de la UE en función de los precios del producto analizado, utilizando para ello un análisis cluster. Y posteriormente, hemos contrastado las diferencias de precios existentes entre los países agrupados en distintos grupos. La investigación revela la existencia

This study examines the innovation practice as a key component to gain a competitive advantage to pursue export performance. Data were collected through questionnaires from 364 Pakistani manufacturing SMEs. Structural equation modeling (SEM) by operating Smart PLS-4 was used for data analysis. The findings showed that both directly and indirectly, innovation has a positive and significant impact on the export performance of SMEs in Pakistan. Additionally, competitive advantage has also been found as a mediator between innovation and export performance. The results signify an improvement in the firm’s innovation as well as sustaining competitive benefit so one can boost the export overall performance of Pakistani SMEs. This study is important to generate beneficial knowledge and insight regarding the appropriate and specific explanation for a firm’s CEOs/managers to enhance innovation along with maintaining a competitive advantage for the enhancement of the company's export perfo...

Theory predicts that a system of binding bilateral quotas such as observed in the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC) will cause both trade diversion and trade deflection, with an end result of more trading partners and smaller values traded on average than in the absence of the quotas. Quota removal will reverse this process, leading to trade creation and the focusing of trade in larger values by a smaller group of exporters.

Theory predicts that a system of bilateral quotas such as observed in the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC) will cause both trade diversion and trade deflection, with an end result of more trading partners and smaller values traded on average than in the absence of the quotas. Quota removal will reverse this process, leading to trade creation and the focusing of trade in larger values by a smaller group of exporters. We test these predictions in a model of bilateral trade among 128 world trading partners in cotton textiles and apparel. We build a micro-founded model of bilateral imports and estimate this model for those countries over the period 1997-2004. We find evidence of both trade diversion and trade deflection in this period governed by quotas. The quota system was largely removed at the beginning of 2005. We use the model estimated for the quota-system years to predict bilateral trade in textiles and apparel in 2005 (out of sample). We do not find evidence of trade fo...

Although there are several studies analysing how innovation capabilities influence export performance, this study aims to present the impact of a set of internal innovation capabilities on export performance of small and medium-sized firms (smes), with the mediating role of entrepreneurial orientation contingent upon the proactive or reactive behaviour of the firms to external stimuli. The study involves the analysis of 147 questionnaire‐based survey of managers from plastic manufacturing smes operating in Portugal that were subjected to a Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) technique. The results show that proactive firms to external stimuli are not only better at innovating but also their entrepreneurial orientation capabilities underpin a better performance in international markets when compared with firms that react to external stimuli. This study has implications for smes aiming at increasing their export performance and innovativeness. For practitione...

The poor performance of many African economies has been associated with low growth of exports in general and of manufacturing exports in particular. The two most successful countries in Africa have been Botswana and Mauritius. In Botswana, rapid export growth followed the discovery of diamonds; in Mauritius, manufacturing exports played a major role. In this paper we draw on both macro and micro evidence from nine African countries to investigate whether manufacturing exports are the key to success in Africa. We do this by posing three questions. First, how close is the link between export and income growth? Second, is there evidence from these African countries that manufactured exports have led to greater economic success? Third, what has limited the success of firms in the manufacturing sector? We argue that export and income growth are very closely linked. However, there is, for this sample of countries, no evidence that if their exports are manufactures, growth rates are higher. We show that the factors that limit the success of African manufacturing firms in exporting are their levels of efficiency and small size. We argue that the key to success in an area where Africa has a potential cost advantagelabour-intensive garments -is to enable large firms to use a more labour-intensive technology than is the case at present.

Researchers Oxford based researchers: Alan Harding, Godius Kaharaya, Neil Rankin, Pieter Serneels, Måns Söderbom and Francis Teal, Centre for the Study of African Economies (CSAE), University of Oxford. Collaborators Anthony Wambugu University of Gothenburg Abena Oduro Centre for Economic policy Analysis, Accra, Ghana. Anthony Amuzu Ghana Statistical Office, Accra Sam Wangwe Economic and Social Research Foundation, Dar-es-Salaam

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is two‐fold. First, is to apply the benchmarking approach to the dates export supply chain (DESC) in Oman and Tunisia (taking Tunisia as a benchmark) to identify gaps in the organizational and operational structures of the DESC in the two countries. Second, is to utilize the information generated to put forward recommendations to improve Omani DESC.Design/methodology/approachFour benchmarking dimensions are developed, each dimension with a number of key performance indicators (KPIs). The KPIs are then used in the benchmarking exercise.FindingsResults show that Tunisia is performing better than Oman in all the four dimensions.Originality/valueThe study enables the readers and the stakeholders to gain some valuable insights in the subject matter. A careful analysis of the findings should enable Oman policy makers and stakeholders to produce an industry action plan to correct the gaps and take the lead.

This paper presents an empirical investigation of the spillovers from foreign direct investment (FDI) using a firm-level panel data from Thailand between 2001 and 2004. We examine export spillovers, both intra-and inter-industry. The evidence shows that FDI inflows into Thailand generate some positive externalities to domestic firms. Foreign firms generate positive export spillovers to their domestic customers on the decision to participate in export markets. Once domestic firms enter export markets, the competitive effect generated by foreign firms in the same industry forces them to improve their export intensity. Although our findings confirm that overall FDI generates benefits to domestic firms, different incentives to FDI generate different spillovers to different types of domestic firms. These results may be used as guidance for policymakers to attract certain types of FDI inflows. One implication is that government may wish to encourage export-oriented FDI as it generates positive export spillovers to domestic firms whilst protecting domestic firms in some industries that are affected by the negative export spillovers from domestic market-oriented FDI.

Utilizing a comprehensive dataset for Turkish manufacturing firms over 2003-2011, we analyse the differentials in the post-entry effects of exporting to markets with different income levels. We employ propensity score matching techniques together with a differences in differences methodology. Controlling for the quality of exports, we explore whether the post-entry effects on productivity are driven by changes in real productivity, as opposed to quality/price markup effects. Our results confirm the learning by exporting hypothesis and suggest real productivity gains in particular for exports to high income (HI) countries as opposed to middle low income (MLI) countries even after controlling for the composition of exports. This suggests that where a firm exports does matter.

This paper explores export spillovers that arise from foreign direct investment generated linkages between domestic and foreign firms in Turkish manufacturing industry. By making use of a recent firm level dataset, we investigate how supplying to foreign affiliated firms, as proxied by their presence in downstream industries and foreign presence in firms’ own industry affects (i) extensive and intensive margins of domestic firms’ exporting, (ii) the quality of exports proxied by unit values, (iii) the decision of domestic firms to export or start exporting, (iv) firms’ export orientation towards destination markets with high income levels. The results of the study suggest that even after controlling for firm heterogeneity, stronger presence of foreign firms in downstream industries yields better export performance of domestic firms. We do not find any evidence on the effect of supplying to foreign affiliated firms on the quality of exporting. Furthermore, it is shown that foreign pr...

Researchers Oxford based researchers: Alan Harding, Godius Kaharaya, Neil Rankin, Pieter Serneels, Måns Söderbom and Francis Teal, Centre for the Study of African Economies (CSAE), University of Oxford. Collaborators Anthony Wambugu University of Gothenburg Abena Oduro Centre for Economic policy Analysis, Accra, Ghana. Anthony Amuzu Ghana Statistical Office, Accra Sam Wangwe Economic and Social Research Foundation, Dar-es-Salaam

The Visegrad Group countries’ accession to the European Union (EU) gave new perspectives for the future economic and social development of the region. The full integration of the Visegrad Group countries with the European Union is conducive to generating new challenges i.a. in the field develop of broadly understood entrepreneurship. Textiles is one of the sectors of the European economy which, in the current financial perspective, significantly contributes to the creation of new jobs and the development of entrepreneurship, which ultimately affects the growth of competitiveness of the integrating countries. The aim of this paper is to examine the competitive position of the textile sector (CN 50-60 and 63) of the Visegrad Group countries as a whole in trade with the European Union in the period 2004-2016. Preliminary analysis of the problem allowed to formulate the following research hypothesis: The Visegrad Group countries’ accession to the European Union has a positive impact on ...

The purpose of this study is to find out how significant the export of Crude Palm Oil is in influencing the Indonesian economy and how much the contribution of Crude Palm Oilexports is in boosting the economy of the Republic of Indonesia. This study uses the library study method, because literature sources are obtained from journals, research reports, information from social media, statistical data and other sources. The approach in this study uses a quantitative descriptive. The fact is that Crude Palm Oil is a sector that greatly contributes to increasing exports in the country's economic development.

The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of innovation strategy on the firm performance. This study was conducted on manufacturing firms cted to the data compiled by questionnaires. The innovation strategy explains financial performance more than other dimensions of firm performance. It can be concluded that the innovation strategy of Turkish manufacturing firms leads them to improve their financial performance. Also, the innovation strategy leads these firms to improve their customer performance, internal business processes performance and learning and growth performance.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the explanatory power of internationalisation theory for service firms internationalising into China. Design/Methodology/Approach: Interviews were conducted with Australian based 23 service businesses that had entered China. Internationalisation theory was examined in this research. A number of constructs were investigated, which included the type of service (hard or soft), internationalisation motivation/pathways, previous international experience and whether companies plan or not. A number of propositions were tested in relation to these constructs. The research found that soft services were more likely to choose full control modes, and hard services choose lower control modes. The most common motivation for entering China was to seek markets there, and these resulted in lower involvement modes. There was no relationship found between having international experience and entry mode, and it was found that businesses with low levels of planning still engaged high control modes. Internationalisation theory was partially supported in the research and was found to correctly predict the progression of equity in Chinese businesses owned by Australian companies. Research Limitations/Implications: The limitation of the research was the small sample size, and future research should consider the constructs over a larger sample. The implications for other Australian service businesses is they should consider the type of service they have (hard or soft), and then make appropriate entry mode choices.

Studi ini berfokus pada analisis daya saing dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ekspor kopi Indonesia di pasar internasional. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dan kuantitatif. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis terungkap keunggulan komparatif (RCA) dan ekspor produk dinamis (EPD) analisis untuk menganalisis daya saing dan regresi linier berganda digunakan untuk mengetahui variabel yang mempengaruhi volume ekspor kopi Indonesia. Hasil dari analisis daya saing menggunakan RCA menunjukkan bahwa kopi Indonesia memiliki posisi daya saing yang kuat dengan nilai RCA> 1 dalam enam tujuan ekspor Amerika Serikat, Jepang, Jerman, Malaysia, Italia dan Rusia. Hasil dari analisis EPD menunjukkan bahwa kopi Indonesia yang diekspor ke Amerika Serikat, Jepang, Jerman, Malaysia, Italia dan Rusia termasuk dalam posisi "Rising Star". Dalam analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi volume ekspor kopi Indonesia di pasar internasional menunjukkan bahwa PDB,...

The framework is tested via a survey through questionnaire from industrial exporters of textile in Pakistan. Findings reveals that the past export performance satisfaction with r value reported is positive r=54.2% and p=0.002 < 0.01, which states the result is significant, therefore there is a positive correlation between two variables. Past export performance satisfaction is the only important determinant of short-term export performance improvement in textile sector of Pakistan.

Este artigo avalia os impactos de investimentos em inovação sobre a eficiência econômica da indústria de transformação no Brasil. Para tal análise, a taxa de participação, em termos da receita líquida, é a variável-chave das empresas que inovam em 23 setores selecionados. Os dados advêm da Pesquisa de Inovação Tecnológica do IBGE (PINTEC), de 1998 a 2011. Utiliza-se o Modelo de Fronteira Estocástica, que estima a eficiência produtiva das empresas, controlando a introdução de inovações. Os resultados apontaram Fabricação de produtos alimentícios; Fabricação de bebidas e Fabricação de coque, de produtos derivados do petróleo e de biocombustíveis como setores mais eficientes, pois estimularam sua receita líquida através da inovação. Fabricação de produtos diversos; Fabricação de máquinas, aparelhos e materiais elétricos; Fabricação de outros equipamentos de transporte foram classificados como menos eficientes. Sinteticamente, a eficiência econômica dos setores melhor ranqueados se deve...

Este artigo avalia os impactos de investimentos em inovação sobre a eficiência econômica da indústria de transformação no Brasil. Para tal análise, a taxa de participação, em termos da receita líquida, é a variável-chave das empresas que inovam em 23 setores selecionados. Os dados advêm da Pesquisa de Inovação Tecnológica do IBGE (PINTEC), de 1998 a 2011. Utiliza-se o Modelo de Fronteira Estocástica, que estima a eficiência produtiva das empresas, controlando a introdução de inovações. Os resultados apontaram Fabricação de produtos alimentícios; Fabricação de bebidas e Fabricação de coque, de produtos derivados do petróleo e de biocombustíveis como setores mais eficientes, pois estimularam sua receita líquida através da inovação. Fabricação de produtos diversos; Fabricação de máquinas, aparelhos e materiais elétricos; Fabricação de outros equipamentos de transporte foram classificados como menos eficientes. Sinteticamente, a eficiência econômica dos setores melhor ranqueados se deve...

Innovation capacity and international experience are factors often related to the internationalisation process of firms, with export activities as the first stage of the process. However, firms from emerging countries seem to show advantages and follow patterns of international expansion that may differ from firms based in developed countries, where the internationalisation models were created. Specifically, exporting firms from emerging countries tend to have limited resources, especially small firms (e.g., for investing in R&D). Despite these facts, the literature on export performance seems biased towards recommending firms to enhance, above all, their innovation capacity in order to achieve better export performance, while little attention is paid to international experience as a factor that is as important as innovation. In this context, the objective of this study is to investigate the impact of innovation capacity and international experience on the export performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) located in an emerging country and to identify which factor is more significant. The Resource-Based View and Dynamic Capabilities approach were used as theoretical frameworks. A research model was developed and tested on a significant sample of Brazilian industrial SMEs. The data were analysed through partial least squares structural equation modelling. The results indicate that international experience has a greater impact on export performance than innovation capacity, showing that there is possibility of overemphasising the role of innovation in the export performance of SMEs, at least, in the Brazilian context.

The relative power of different individuals, companies, organizations, or even nations is one of the key determinants of the dynamics of their relationships. Moreover, given that actions of one side can be perceived as pre-emptive or reactive to the actions of the other side, the changes over time in their relative power can be seen as dynamic games of incomplete information. The insights derived from extracting the most important determinants of interaction to reduce its complexity to such games may occasionally offer an advantage over one's competitors. In order to choose the actions that are most likely to lead to such sustainable equilibria that can be characterized as personal, corporate, or national success, it thus becomes crucial to understand well both the current and the expected future power of oneself vis-à-vis the others. This

In today's industrial landscape, the demand for materials that combine performance, cost-effectiveness, and adaptability is growing across sectors. Among the most significant contributors to this shift is PP Fibrillated Yarn for Carpet Exporter Specifically engineered for demanding textile applications, this polypropylene-based yarn plays a vital role in the carpet manufacturing industry. Its unique mesh-like structure, lightweight nature, and high tensile strength make it a preferred choice in modern carpet production, offering functional and aesthetic advantages for manufacturers and consumers alike.

The effects of inflation are studied for a small open economy with a cash-in-advance constraint on consumption in which the representative agent has preferences with habit persistence. An increase in the inflation rate requires a fall in the steady state living standards. On impact, to maintain living standards, the representative agent reduces his savings and labor supply. Investment falls and the current account turns into a deficit. In support of this model, we provide evidence from eight high-inflation countries suggesting that after an increase in the inflation rate, output and investment fall, and the net foreign asset position deteriorates over time.

Over the last few decades, international business has experienced steady development all over the globe. Exporting aids the firms with renovations in business capacities which brings much better efficiency by producing extra sources .To raise the efficiency of SMEs, businesses need to recognize the way to boost their activities in the export market as exporting plays a crucial part to create higher values for them. With comparatively better performance in the export market, the business ultimately improves its efficiency all at once. Dealing with to attain better performance in the export market, SMEs bring added outcomes as well as resources which are extremely vital for their advancement. For small and medium ventures (SMEs), export plays a major part to create better worth, and also thus, SMEs firms require to know the way to improve export performance and this will ultimately enhance the performance of most of the firms . Identification of determinants, even more specifically, identification of the firm-level controlled determinants of better export performance of SMEs has ended up being critical. In the economy of Bangladesh, the small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are one of the most important pillars to its continuous developments. The role of SMEs sector is enormous to fulfil the country's plan and actions to reduce the poverty. SMEs in Bangladesh made up more than 99% of economic sector industrial facilities and also developed job chances for 70%-80% of the non-agricultural workforce. The contributions of SMEs to the economy of Bangladesh are still negligible. The role of all SMEs to the GDP is only 20.25 percent in Bangladesh, whereas it stands at 80 percent in India, 60 percent in China and 69.50 percent in Japan. This paper studies export performance indicators of Bangladesh based SMEs, through a structured questionnaire.

The ability of manufacturing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to adopt sustainability is predicated on several criteria, including purchasing and developing specialized resources. SMEs in emerging economies have great potential, and in terms of intensifying business performance, it is important to focus on strategic orientation. The influence of four strategic orientations on firm performance is examined in this study. The role of learning, entrepreneurial, technological, and environmental orientations within proactive strategic orientations in the manufacturing sector have been investigated. This study uses a survey questionnaire to collect data from four hundred and sixty-five sub-Saharan African manufacturing SMEs. The proactive strategic orientations were advantageous for organizational innovation (OI) and sustainable performance (SP); OI improves SP, and SP catalyzes OI, based on the Pearson correlation coefficient. This research provides information that may be utilized to advance conceptual and practical debates on manufacturing SMEs to be innovative and improve their sustainability performance to contribute to society, the environment, and the economy.

There has been a long debate in the literature on how host country's exports respond to inward FDI. A crucial issue in this debate is whether FDI is a means of stimulating export performance of the host countries. The theories and the literature related to FDIexports linkages suggest that FDI impacts host countries' growth and development in general through its direct, indirect and spill-over effects and exports in particular. Moreover, the literature on the topic provides both significant and insignificant effects of FDI on host countries' exports across countries. The dynamics of the influence of FDI on exports is far more complex in case of India. Against this complexity,the aim of the study is to specifically reexamine the impact of FDI inflows on exports in India with an extended period from 1970-2015.

In this paper, we propose four measures to calculate the KIBS intensity of trade (i.e., KIBS terms of trade; an importance indicator; an indicator showing the relative KIBS intensity of exports; and an indicator showing the relative importance of KIBS). Finally, we examine the composition of KIBS output imputed to export. The study refers to the EU countries. Calculations are based on a set of input-output tables from the World Input-Output Database for the period 2000 -2014. Empirical results demonstrate that the EU-15 has a clear and growing advantage over the EU-13 in KIBS direct exports, but when taking into account indirect KIBS trade, the EU-15's advantage is smaller, with a decreasing trend. Export appeared to be more KIBS-intensive than production for domestic final demand, and computer and information services were the main engine behind the growing KIBS intensity of export. Among the EU countries, Ireland is an outlier.

The study attempts an appraisal of the effectiveness of India’s new food safety regulation on animal products exported to various countries.  The study is based on data (quantity) of exports of different animal products exported from India collected for period 2005-06 to 2016-17. The mean of and variability in exports (quantity) of animal products were compared for pre and post FSS regime to assess the magnitude and stability in the exports of animal products after implementation of India’s new food safety law. The result shows that most of the animal products, except sheep and goat meat, animal casing and caseins, exported from India were stable as CV values significantly decreased during Post-FSS Regime as compared to Pre-FSS Regime. It indicates that new food safety law (FSS Act) of India addressed the food safety issues in the sequence of the global demand. The country-wise quantity of export of animal products was analyzed and found that natural honey, caseins, buffalo meat and...

The internationalization of business coupled with globalization has made it necessary for farmers to develop and utilize export market success strategy in a competitive and often chaotic business environments. Exporting is the most popular foreign entry strategy and can become an international learning experience. Since exporting is a risky venture, it is prudent that exporters fully orient their businesses by collecting export market intelligence. Export markets are complicated by the fact that the market environments are dynamic and disruptive in terms of preferences, demand, regulations and other aspects. This study sought to determine the effect of export strategy on the performance of Kenya large export manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study was a cross-sectional survey. The target population was 60 large Kenyan export manufacturi ng firms which formed the unit of analysis. A questionnaire was used to collect the primary data. Respondents were the company chief executive officer and the head of marketing from each of the firms under study. An average response rate of 96.55% was achieved. The research which adopted both inferential and descriptive statistics used statistical package for social sci ences to perform regression and correlation analysis. The findings revealed that the influence of direct exporting on firm performance of large export manufacturing firms in Kenya is significant. The study recommended that on improving export performance (either export sales or export ratio) the export firms should engage on collection of more foreign information and co-operation for the international activities. The study further recommended that large export manufacturing firms' managers prioritize direct and active engagement with key players in both the export market and the domestic market.

When firms locate segments of their production process abroad we are in presence of international fragmentation of production. This paper discusses the issue both theoretically and empirically. We first assess the absence of a well-articulated and verified theoretical framework to explain the phenomenon in fullness. We then perform an analysis of economic integration patterns of South-Mediterranean countries with the European Union and compare the results with the performance of central and eastern European countries. The Mediterranean basin has the potential to host a considerable amount of European production-sharing networks. Yet the integration of firms from this region into such international networks appears to be still very modest.