Event marketing

This research was conducted by bibliometric analysis method on 1,022 articles published between 1981-2024 in the Web of Science database with the VOSviewer program in order to evaluate the literature on brand attitude, analyze current trends, and guide future research. In the study, brand attitude literature was analyzed through performance, citation, co-citation, and keyword analysis. The results of the study reveal that the number of publications has increased over the years, Mitchell and Olson's (1981) study is the most cited publication, the most prolific author is Patrick De Pelsmacker, the journal with the most publications is Journal of Business Research, the leading countries are the USA and South Korea, and the most active universities are University of Antwerp and Ghent University. Moreover, the research focuses on the factors influencing the formation of brand attitude, their measurement and their impact on consumer behavior, especially the relationship with purchase intention. Furthermore, the analysis shows that topics such as social identity, virtual influencer, brand love, stigmatization, artificial intelligence, and gamified experience are significant research gaps in the field.

With a specific focus on the conference segment of the MICE industry, this study extends the growing body of knowledge by testing a modified version of approach adapted fromSevert et al. ( ) toa new classification of conference type (international and academic).A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 497 international conference attendees. The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that performance and satisfaction, respectively, have a direct positive significant relationship onpost-participation intentions of international conference attendees. The mediating effect of satisfaction isalso supported. The results of this study can be considered as an important tool for conference organizers,universities and associations to attract future international academic attendees and improve the overall quality of their academic events.

With a specific focus on the conference segment of the MICE industry, this study extends the growing body of knowledge by testing a modified version of approach adapted fromSevert et al. ( ) toa new classification of conference type (international and academic).A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 497 international conference attendees. The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that performance and satisfaction, respectively, have a direct positive significant relationship onpost-participation intentions of international conference attendees. The mediating effect of satisfaction isalso supported. The results of this study can be considered as an important tool for conference organizers,universities and associations to attract future international academic attendees and improve the overall quality of their academic events.

There are a few studies in which conceptual models explaining conference participation decision-making process are constructed and estimated. This study focus on convention decision making conceptual models and addresses those components which appear to be important and influential in the decision-making process. Understanding convention decision making factors helps association marketers to attract more delegates and thus gain more benefit from this important sector of tourism industry in future.

This study examined the impact of cultural diversity on tourist satisfaction in Ghana's Western Region, a destination known for its rich traditions and heritage. Specifically, examining the tourists' perception of cultural diversity and how the phenomenon affects their travel experience, vis-à-vis satisfaction. It is acknowledged that while cultural diversity enhanced visitor experiences, it also presented challenges such as language barriers and differing service expectations. Using a mixed method approach, data were collected from 150 tourists and four destinations and hospitality facilities through structured questionnaires and interview guides to solicit data. Again, SPSS version 27.0 was used analyzed the data. Findings indicated that cultural diversity positively influenced tourist satisfaction through fostering emotional connections and deeper cultural appreciation. However, variations in satisfaction levels due to communication challenges highlighted the need for personalized engagement strategies. ANOVA results further revealed significant differences among tourist segments, emphasizing the importance of tailored cultural experiences. Additionally, factors like cleanliness, accessibility, and infrastructure were crucial in balancing cultural preservation with modern service quality. The study recommended segment-specific strategies, personalized engagement programmes, and improved infrastructure to enhance inclusivity and overall visitor satisfaction in the hospitality and tourism industry.

This study examined the impact of cultural diversity on tourist satisfaction in Ghana's Western Region, a destination known for its rich traditions and heritage. Specifically, examining the tourists' perception of cultural diversity and how the phenomenon affects their travel experience, vis-à-vis satisfaction. It is acknowledged that while cultural diversity enhanced visitor experiences, it also presented challenges such as language barriers and differing service expectations. Using a mixed method approach, data were collected from 150 tourists and four destinations and hospitality facilities through structured questionnaires and interview guides to solicit data. Again, SPSS version 27.0 was used analyzed the data. Findings indicated that cultural diversity positively influenced tourist satisfaction through fostering emotional connections and deeper cultural appreciation. However, variations in satisfaction levels due to communication challenges highlighted the need for personalized engagement strategies. ANOVA results further revealed significant differences among tourist segments, emphasizing the importance of tailored cultural experiences. Additionally, factors like cleanliness, accessibility, and infrastructure were crucial in balancing cultural preservation with modern service quality. The study recommended segment-specific strategies, personalized engagement programmes, and improved infrastructure to enhance inclusivity and overall visitor satisfaction in the hospitality and tourism industry.

The perceptions of spectators (N = 36) at the Lexmark Indy 300 Champ Car event were assessed via qualitative methods to evaluate their internal and external motivations to attend. The most common reason to attend was the atmosphere that the event created, and entertainment. Other reasons included the race, enjoying the company of friends, and group affiliation. The characteristics of the majority of attendees were predominantly male, 26 to 35 years old, from Queensland, who earned around AUD$50,000 to $75,000 per annum. The findings of the study have implications for sport marketers who wish to communicate to these individuals.

The perceptions of spectators (N = 36) at the Lexmark Indy 300 Champ Car event were assessed via qualitative methods to evaluate their internal and external motivations to attend. The most common reason to attend was the atmosphere that the event created, and entertainment. Other reasons included the race, enjoying the company of friends, and group affiliation. The characteristics of the majority of attendees were predominantly male, 26 to 35 years old, from Queensland, who earned around AUD$50,000 to $75,000 per annum. The findings of the study have implications for sport marketers who wish to communicate to these individuals.

This review explores the dynamic convergence of marketing innovation, ecological sustainability, and consumer engagement, emphasizing their growing interdependence in contemporary marketing practices. It systematically examines advances in AI, machine learning, and immersive technologies, alongside green marketing frameworks integrating circular economy principles and sustainable consumer behaviors. Methodologically, the paper synthesizes findings from bibliometric analyses, case studies, and conceptual modeling to map current research trajectories and practical applications. Key trends include the ethical deployment of AI-powered personalization and virtual influencers, the role of augmented reality in promoting sustainable consumption, and the strategic use of social media to enhance engagement and loyalty. Challenges such as greenwashing risks and balancing privacy with marketing efficiency are also discussed. The review concludes by highlighting critical gaps and proposing integrative frameworks for future research that align technological innovations with ecological responsibility and meaningful consumer interactions, offering guidance for practitioners and policymakers striving for sustainable marketing excellence.

Bali merupakan salah satu destinasi utama di dunia untuk berbagai jenis acara, baik itu pernikahan, pesta ulang tahun, hingga gathering perusahaan. Dalam konteks ini, layanan photobooth telah menjadi salah satu elemen yang semakin populer karena kemampuannya untuk menambah keseruan acara dan memberikan kenangan berupa foto cetak instan kepada tamu. Salah satu penyedia layanan photobooth terbaik di Bali adalah PrintBooth_ID. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran PrintBooth_ID sebagai solusi booth cetak terintegrasi yang memenuhi kebutuhan acara dan pemasaran di Bali. Fokus penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis keunggulan layanan PrintBooth_ID dalam hal kualitas foto, kustomisasi tema, pengalaman tamu, serta sejauh mana layanan ini dapat digunakan sebagai alat pemasaran yang efektif dalam acara perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka dan analisis konten untuk mengumpulkan informasi dari berbagai sumber daring yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PrintBooth_ID memiliki sejumlah keunggulan, seperti kualitas foto yang profesional, kemampuan kustomisasi tema acara, serta pengalaman yang menyenangkan bagi tamu. Selain itu, layanan ini juga terbukti efektif sebagai alat pemasaran dalam acara perusahaan, melalui integrasi branding pada foto, latar belakang, dan properti yang digunakan dalam booth, serta keterlibatan dengan pengunjung melalui media sosial dan penggunaan hashtag.

Sustainable nature of scientific conferences – the key role of transport
Participation in scientific conferences is one of the natural aspects of academic life. It allows researchers to present their findings, learn about ongoing projects, and enjoy the opportunity for business travel to attractive destinations. However, conference tourism, like other forms of human activity, impacts the natural environment and contributes to an increasing carbon footprint. These issues are gradually becoming a part of scientific discussions. In this paper, we highlight that transport plays a crucial role in the environmental impact of conferences. Other factors, such as catering, conference materials, local excursions, and music events, also contribute significantly. These elements influence not only the perception and memorability of the conference but also its overall carbon footprint. Discussions about participation in scientific conferences often reveal a mix of hedonism and hypocrisy. Nevertheless, these should be accompanied by thoughtful reflection, which this paper aims to provoke.

Food, with its different flavors, is introduced into a child's life by the family and through nutritional education. Recreational activities also give children the ability to understand what to eat, and how to eat it. Due to the high demand for tourist accommodation that focuses on the family segment, the tourist trade, particularly hotel business, is hiring more employees in the recreation and leisure sector, in order to assist children and parents who want to enjoy a few hours of carefree leisure and rest. This article aims to show that recreational activities that provide nutritional education can be developed by hotel businesses as a form of children's entertainment, stimulating creativity, teamwork, imagination, interpersonal relationships, the comfort of parents, along with an improvement in dietary habits. This study involves applied, exploratory, descriptive and bibliographic research, with a quantitative analysis to evaluate the level of children's satisfaction, using a visual 3-point Likert Scale. As an action strategy, we organized lectures with fun activities. We conclude that activities associated with nutritional learning are accepted by children as a means of socialization and entertainment, making them tools for use in accommodation establishments, as a recreational activity aimed at encouraging healthy eating.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, etkinliklerin destinasyon markalaşmasına etkisini araştırmak ve Çanakkale'de gerçekleştirilen Çanakkale Savaşlarının 100.yılı anma etkinliklerinin destinasyon markalaşması üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Araştırma kapsamında kamu kurumları ve özel kuruluşlar başta olmak üzere toplam on beş paydaşla görüşülmüştür. Yapılan görüşmelerle 100.yıl anma etkinliklerinin destinasyon markalaşmasına etkileri ile ilgili paydaş görüşlerinin açıklanması hedeflenmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini Çanakkale, örneklemini ise Çanakkale'de turizmle ilgisi olan ve 100. yıl anma etkinliklerini değerlendirebilecek paydaşlar oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan görüşme tekniği ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre katılımcıların genel görüşü, Çanakkale'nin avantajlı bir destinasyon olduğu, bu avantajların istenen düzeyde değerlendirilemediği şeklindedir.

This study is characterized as a report of experience, based on the importance of university extension activities at events as a form of professional practice for students of the Tourism course of the State University of Amazonas-UEA. It reports on the results of an extension project entitled Academic Events from Conception to Final Report. The methodology used for the construction of this study consists of exploratory and descriptive research, qualitative in nature, with a bibliographic review to support the proposed discussion. In terms of the results of this experience, professional practice in the events sector is seen as the main factor contributing to the professional formation of students, through their involvement in more than forty events during the second half of 2017 and through to the end of 2018. The report is relevant because it inspires other colleges and universities to reproduce similar activities and even improve on them.

Bu çalışma, çevresel, sosyal ve ekonomik boyutlarıyla sürdürülebilirlik kalkınma hedeflerini merkeze alan çalışmaların iletişim alanında hangi
kapsamda ve yöntemle ele alındığını inceleme amacı taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle, Web of Science veri tabanında iletişim alanındaki Sürdürülebilir
Kalkınma Hedefleri ile bağlantılı çalışmalarda ön plana çıkan tema ve metotları keşfetmek, bu çalışmaların uygulama alanında mevcut ve
muhtemel gelişmelerle bağlantı düzeyini saptamak ve gelecek dönem yapılacak araştırmalara bir kaynak oluşturabilmek amacıyla 2021-2022
yılları arasındaki bağlantılı çalışmalar; yazar sayısı, kapsam/yöntem, araştırma alanı, sonuç, anahtar kelimeler ve atıf sayısı değişkenleri
bağlamında bibliyometrik analiz yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. İlgili çalışmaların ağırlıklı olarak sürdürülebilirliğin çevresel boyutlarına odaklandığı,
çevresel sürdürülebilirlik ve sosyal sürdürülebilirlik ile bağlantılı olarak gerçekleştirilen çalışmaların disiplinler arası bir nitelik taşıdığı saptanmıştır.
Ayrıca analiz sonucunda, ekonomik sürdürülebilirlik üzerine gerçekleştirilen çalışmaların sosyal ve çevresel sürdürülebilirlik merkezli çalışmalara
göre kısıtlı olduğu ve çalışmaların genelinin BM sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedeflerinin sınırlı boyutlarına odaklandığı görülmüştür. Çalışmada
saptanan diğer önemli bulgular ise, ilgili çalışmaların sektörel trendlerle uyumunun sınırlılığı ve bilgisayar destekknojli yeni araştırma
yöntemlerinin kısıtlı düzeyde kullanımıdır. Bu nedenle, sürdürülebilirlikle bağlantılı kalkınma hedeflerinin iletişim disiplini içerisinde, sektörel ve
akademik düzeyde yeni eğilimler göz önünde bulundurularak, mevcut ve potansiyel araştırmacılara yönelik öneriler getirilmiştir.

Ce projet de recherche est né au cours de réunions de travail du groupe «Ethnographie des Espaces Publics», formé au sein de l'Institut Catalan d'Antropologie (ICA) ainsi que de l'Université de Barcelone, et qui, depuis l'an dernier, a fusionné avec le groupe ERAPI (Équipe de Recherche en Anthropologie sur les Processus Identitaires). Dirigé par Manuel Delgado, le groupe «Ethnographie des Espaces Publics» réfléchit depuis plusieurs années sur la pratique de l'ethnologie en contexte urbain, alternant des sessions de réflexions avec des essais d'applications pratiques.

Based on the theoretical studies that have been published to date regarding the Making- of Documentary — concerning intertextuality, film studies, critical theory, mass communication theory and audiovisual didactics — we explore its specificities as a meta- cinematographic practice that manifests itself when a film accounts for the process of creating another film. The article is divided into three sections: Towards a Definition of the Making-of Documentary, Meta-cinematographic Formats and Functions and Specificities of the Making-of Documentary. In the first, its contemporary definition is proposed; In the following, we establish the distinction between the Making-of Documentary and its predecessors or other contemporary practices; Lastly, we approach its discursive intentions — as a promotional object of the film which it alludes to and of its filmmakers as “authors” — and its current uses, which promote an expansion of cinephilia and self- learning in the viewers.

Cilem diplomove prace je rozpoznat a popsat manipulacni techniky při přimem prodeji a tim poukazat na skutecnost, že lide jsou při tomto druhu prodeje psychicky manipulovani k cinnostem, ktere by za jiných situaci neudělali. V textu dochazi k porovnavani teoretických východisek z knih (zabývajicich se manipulaci, řecnictvim, komunikaci, socialni psychologii aj.) se skutecnými audio zaznamy z akci a k podrobne analýze jejich shodných rysů. V zavěru prace se potvrdi předpoklad, že ucastnici akci jsou vystaveni silnemu a zaměrnemu psychickemu natlaku a jsou postupně zpracovavani k vyssim a vyssim stupňům zavislosti a pocitu submisivity vůci prodejci. Prace obsahuje i velmi překvapive důkazy ve formě skutecných přepisů audio zaznamů z předvaděcich akci a zajimave zavěry zjistěne z polostrukturovaných rozhovorů se samotnými prodejci.

Esta monografia tem como tema a representação dos fandoms femininos pela mídia, com propósito de colocar em pauta o julgamento que as mulheres sofrem por causa de seus gostos pessoais referentes à artistas, filmes ou livros. Para isso, o objeto de estudo principal é o fandom Army, do grupo sul-coreano BTS, que conta com uma comunidade majoritariamente feminina. Além disso, para comprovar que existe machismo e misoginia envolvidos no assunto, é traçado um paralelo sobre como os homens são tratados no mesmo ambiente midiático. Essa constatação é realizada por meio da análise de conteúdo de Bardin, e como referencial teórico conta com textos e falas de Myeongseok Kang, Joli Jensen, Cheryl Cline, Barbara Ehrenreich, Ekta Sinha, Pedro P. Curi e Yve Blake. Para comparação, são utilizados falas presentes nas redes sociais em duas situações diferentes: quando o tema tratado envolve um fandom majoritariamente masculino e outro que trata um fandom majoritariamente feminino. A monografia também conta com exemplos de outras comunidades de fãs que apresentam uma maioria de mulheres, como no caso das fãs do Justin Bieber e dos Beatles, demonstrando como esse julgamento atravessou gerações, e evidencia que o preconceito está presente em diversas produções da cultura-pop, como Crepúsculo e, mais recentemente, Barbie

Purpose-The purpose of the present study was to investigate the interrelationships among the dimensions of sport event experience, event satisfaction and event behavioral intentions. Design/methodology/approach-The sample was comprised of 186 individuals who actively participated in a mass participation sport event. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to test the relationships among the latent constructs. Findings-The results indicated that the dimensions of sport event experience predicted 55% of the variance of event satisfaction and 63% of the variance of event behavioral intentions was predicted by sport event experience dimensions and event satisfaction. Specifically, the sensory, affective and relational dimensions of experience sought to have a statistically significant and positive association with event satisfaction, while event satisfaction and the relational dimension of experience were found to have a statistically significant and positive correlation with event behavioral intentions. In addition, event satisfaction was found to mediate the relationships between sensory, affective and relational experiences and event behavioral intentions. Originality/value-The present study is one of the first that explores the relationships among sport event experience's dimensions, event satisfaction and positive behavioral intentions in the context of sport event participation.

With growing urban competition, smaller cities in particular face challenges in ‘putting themselves on the map’. Richards and Duif (2019) suggest that smaller places can succeed if they collaborate rather than compete, enabling them to ‘borrow size’ to stimulate development. By collaborating, small cities also have opportunities to ‘create size’ through joint actions. This chapter focusses on the role of events in generating creative development powered by the ‘Middleground’ of the creative city, and highlights the effects of networking across regional and international borders. A review of traditional creative industries, creative class and creative city approaches leads to an integrative creative development model based on the work of Sacco et al. (2014) and the placemaking perspective of Richards (2020). This model analyses the different layers of the creative city proposed by Cohendet et al. (2010), integrating different forms of creative capital and accounting for the dynamic links between actors and institutions. These ideas are applied to cases from the Netherlands and Luxemburg, with a particular focus on cross-border collaboration stimulated through the European Capital of Culture programme.

This study aimed to determine mutual constructive and shaping effect between space and spirituality. Therefore, first of all, the concepts of space and spirituality have been redefined and the theoretical debate on the historical evolution of settled life was given. In order to base research on factual data, the socio-political, economic and cultural situation in Konya between the 11th and 13th centuries has been analyzed. The research has identified the factors that enable Konya to become the most important intellectual and spiritual center of the region and at the same time determined the role of various spiritual factors, especially Sufism, in the process of urbanization. The research shows, that geographic location of Konya, its multicultural environment, administrative support to science and education as weel as provided political stability, economic prosperity and security encouraged spiritual production in the city. As a place of meeting, exchange, accumulation and transfer of knowledge, the city contributed to the growth of the spiritual heritage. On the other hand, it is possible to see that people's spiritual values are reflected in the physical texture of the city

The research addresses the reception of K-dramas by Brazilian fandom in terms of transculturality, in which fans from Brazil play a fundamental role in the dialogue about, promotion and sharing of content related to both actors and characters. From there, it explores issues of representation and gender roles. Based on previous research findings, it uses qualitative methods, without seeking generalizations, but highlighting aspects related to fan idolatry and activism. It focuses on analyzing issues related to masculinity and the idealization of South Korean men in K-dramas, which can lead to the dissociation between fiction and reality. This dissociation is exemplified by the "oppa scam", in which people pretend to be South Korean actors to extort money from Brazilian fans. It concludes that Brazilian fans are inserted in a global and local environment that can generate unexpected situations regarding the assimilation of pop culture in specific contexts.

Hüseyin ÇEKEN 3 Bilgin GÜNER 4 ÖZ: Turizm sektörünün gelişimine yön veren birçok paydaş bulunmaktadır. Bu paydaşlardan biri hatta en önemlisi de yerel yönetimlerdir. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmanın amacı, turizm ve yerel yönetim konularının birlikte yer aldığı akademik çalışmaları bibliyometrik analiz yöntemi ile inceleyerek mevcut durumu ve güncel eğilimleri belirlemektir. Bu kapsamda 23 Ağustos 2023 tarihinde Web of Science veri tabanında yıl sınırlaması yapılmadan "tourism" and "local government*" anahtar kelimelerinin birlikte geçtiği akademik çalışmalar taranmıştır. Doküman türü ve dil konusunda filtreleme yapıldıktan sonra 1994 ile 2023 yılları arasında 870 çalışma değerlendirmeye dahil edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler VOSviewer programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgulara göre; turizm ve yerel yönetim ilişkisini inceleyen akademik çalışmaların sayısında giderek artış eğilimi olduğu, en çok çalışmanın 2021 yılında yapıldığı ve bu konudaki en çok atfın ise 2022 yılında verildiği tespit edilmiştir. Turizm ve yerel yönetim konusunda yapılan çalışmalar en çok "Konaklama Boş Zaman Spor Turizm" alanında yayımlanırken, en fazla yayın yapılan kaynak "Sustainability" dergisi olmuştur. Turizm ve yerel yönetim konusuna yönelik en çok kullanılan anahtar kelimenin "turizm" olduğu saptanmıştır. En çok iş birliği yapan yazar "Xu, Honggang" dır. En fazla iş birliği yapan ülke ise "Çin" olmuştur. "Doğan Gürsoy" en çok atıf alan yazar olarak ön plana çıkmaktadır. "Tourism Management" dergisinin en fazla atıf alan kaynak olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışma turizm ve yerel yönetim konusuna odaklanan ilk bibliyometrik analiz olup, literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Parmi tous les phenomenes de centralite et de peripherie, sources de multiples observations depuis ces dernieres decennies, nous avons choisi d'evoquer au cours de la journee d' atelier « Vivre en Ville » du mois de juillet 1999 , deux points precis qui concernent les pratiques et les modes de vie :-dans les centres commerciaux de peripherie en abordant le theme selon trois entrees :•une etude realisee dans l'agglomeration nantaise visant a apprehender les pratiques et les perceptions d'usagers de centres commerciaux,•une approche par I'ETHOLOGIE, visant a etudier les comportements des utilisateurs d'un centre commercial de region parisienne•une entree par la SEMIOTIQUE permettant de rendre compte des types de parcours des individus dans l'espace commercial-les modes d' habiter en peri-urbain : a partir d'une etude realisee dans le pays d'Aix qui a permis de mettre en evidence certaines valeurs, certains attributs de ces nouveaux lieux de cent...

Social media is a paradigm shift from the orthodox media and has proven to be the second richest media besides face-to-face communication. However, events like carnivals have been pulling tourists to different global destinations via media messages. This study investigated the influence of social media on event marketing and management of Calabar Carnival. Specifically, the study determined the influence of Facebook on event marketing and management of Calabar Carnival. Similarly, it ascertained the influence of WhatsApp on event marketing and management of Calabar Carnival. Moreover, it assessed the influence of Instagram on event marketing and management of Calabar Carnival.The population of the study includes young adult attendees of the 2023 carnival who were intercepted through convenience sampling technique. The survey method was adopted for the study and the sample size of 384 was determined using Cochran's method for determining a non-finite population. However, Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the research instrument with a 0.796 value. Copies of the questionnaire were distributed to the 384 carnival attendees and 305 were validated. The findings revealed that Facebook has a significant and positive influence on event marketing and management of Calabar

Modele zarządzania bibliotekami od lat ewoluują. Coraz więcej tych instytucji odchodzi od dominującego wcześniej rozwiązania, w którym kluczowym celem jest gromadzenie i udostępnianie zbiorów. Ponieważ wiele zasobów dostępnych jest już w Internecie, placówki te w inny sposób zachęcają do odwiedzin w swoich murach. Coraz popularniejsza staje się koncepcja biblioteki jako miejsca spotkań, przestrzeni społecznej, która integruje ludzi, oferując im możliwość aktywnego uczestnictwa w życiu kulturalnym, społecznym i naukowym. Zbiory nadal pozostają ważnym zasobem bibliotek, jednak dostrzegana jest również potrzeba aktywizacji lokalnej społeczności. Społeczności te dzięki wydarzeniom organizowanym przez biblioteki stają się bardziej otwarte, aktywne kulturalnie, dążą do samorozwoju, są bardziej zaangażowane, chętne do pomocy, częściej ufając innym ludziom i wspierając swoich członków. W związku z tym omówione zostanie zagadnienie event marketingu, sprzyjającego integracji i aktywizacji, którego celem może być promocja biblioteki, książki i kultury poprzez organizację różnego rodzaju imprez.

Zorluklardan yıldızlara ulaşmışken şimdilerde yıldızlardan zorluklara düşmenin sancıları içindeyiz... Ömrümü verdiğim etkinlik yönetimi aslında insanları mutlu etme zanaatıdır, eğlence endüstrisinin omurgasıdır, hayalleri gerçek kılma sanatıdır ve satışız iş koluna ekmek kapısıdır. Düne kadar dünya starlarına ulaşan ve başarıyla ev sahipliği yapan etkinlik dünyasında; uzunca bir süredir "zorluklardan yıldızlara" anlamına gelen PER ASPERA AD ASTRA deyişinin tam tersi yaşanıyor!

This study explores the factors that influence the brand equity of Zhejiang tourism destinations, as well as the role of tourist trust and brand experience. The results show that improving food image, destination image, service quality and transportation convenience can help enhance brand equity, while cultivating tourist trust and providing memorable experiences can further enhance brand equity. These findings have practical guiding significance for the promotion and management of tourism destinations. I.

Koncepcja zrównoważonego rozwoju jest sposobem na szybszy wzrost gospodarczy, postęp i ewolucję współczesnych społeczeństw, przy uwzględnieniu potrzeby wyrównywania nierówności między gospodarkami o różnym stopniu rozwoju, bez naruszania równowagi ekologicznej. Rozwój zrównoważony może dokonywać się na różnych poziomach − globalnym, międzynarodowym, krajowym, regionalnym czy lokalnym. Jednak każdy z tych poziomów wymaga uwzględnienia innych priorytetów w procesie podejmowania decyzji inwestycyjnych w zakresie ochrony środowiska oraz działań proekologicznych. Celem artykułu jest próba identyfikacji wyzwań, przed którymi stają regiony Polski w zakresie godzenia rozwoju regionalnego z wymaganiami w zakresie ochrony środowiska oraz próba odpowiedzi, w jaki sposób aspekt ten jest używany dla celów promocji. W świetle badań literaturowych wydaje się, iż regiony znajdują się w korzystnej sytuacji, ponieważ mogą rekompensować straty ekonomiczne i społeczne ponoszone w wyniku zabezpieczenia walorów ekologicznych i środowiskowych w jednym z geograficznych obszarów regionu, wzrostem inwestycji gospodarczych w innym miejscu. Takie substytutywne traktowanie elementów potencjału regionu pozwala na wypełnienie przesłanek zrównoważonego rozwoju i ekologiczną promocję obszaru.

This study is characterized as a report of experience, based on the importance of university extension activities at events as a form of professional practice for students of the Tourism course of the State University of Amazonas -UEA. It reports on the results of an extension project entitled Academic Events from Conception to Final Report. The methodology used for the construction of this study consists of exploratory and descriptive research, qualitative in nature, with a bibliographic review to support the proposed discussion. In terms of the results of this experience, professional practice in the events sector is seen as the main factor contributing to the professional formation of students, through their involvement in more than forty events during the second half of 2017 and through to the end of 2018. The report is relevant because it inspires other colleges and universities to reproduce similar activities and even improve on them.

Bu çalışma, sürdürülebilir pazarlama kavramının akademik literatürdeki yerini ve gelişimini bibliyometrik bir yaklaşımla incelemektedir. Web of Science veri tabanından elde edilen 327 makale, R yazılımının "bibliometrix" paketi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma, sürdürülebilir pazarlamanın çevresel, sosyal ve ekonomik etkilerini dikkate alarak işletmelerin uzun vadeli tüketici ve toplum yararını gözetmeyi hedefleyen bir yaklaşım olduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Bulgular, sürdürülebilir pazarlamanın akademik ilgi çekiciliğinin arttığını ve yayınların yanı sıra uluslararası iş birliklerinin de yıllar içinde önemli ölçüde arttığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca, sürdürülebilir pazarlama literatürünün genişleyen kapsamı ve akademik trendler, işletmelere ve tüketicilere sürdürülebilir bir gelecek için birlikte çalışma stratejileri sunmaktadır. Bu bibliyometrik analiz, sürdürülebilir pazarlama alanındaki akademik yayınların kapsamlı bir analizini sunarak bu alandaki bilimsel çalışmaların kapsamının genişletilmesine katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu şekilde, hem teorik hem de pratik düzeyde sürdürülebilir pazarlama

this study aims to investigate the correlation among event quality, host city evaluation, place attachment, destination brand equity, and visitors' attitudinal intention. structural equation modeling was employed to test the proposed hypotheses. the data were collected through convenience sampling from 392 spectators who attended the islamic solidarity Games 2022, Konya. the results show that event quality positively affects host city evaluation and revisit attitude, while it negatively affects destination brand equity and place attachment. Furthermore, host city evaluation positively affects destination brand equity, place attachment and revisit attitude and has a mediating role between event quality, destination brand equity and place attachment. On the other hand, the results show that there is negative effect of place attachment and destination brand equity on revisit attitude. this research is important in terms of examining the relationship between destination brand equity, brand loyalty and event quality variables since these variables are factors that directly affect visitor experience and behavior. this study makes a theoretical contribution as it investigates different theories and variables in a different context, confirms and updates existing theories and reflects the positive and negative relationships between variables. a more detailed understanding of the relationship between event and destination can guide decision makers to develop more effective strategies.

Distinções  culturais  relacionadas  a  alteridade  (Merleau-Ponty,  2019;  Trouillot,  2011)  e  identidades  (Hall,  2016,  2019)  integram  o  escopo  teórico  que  direciona  a  presente  pesquisa  sobre recepção de doramas sul-coreanos por fãs brasileiros. Foi realizada pesquisa de campo com objetivo de observar hábitos, comportamentos e costumes entendidos como cultura sul-coreana  e/ou  como  constitutivos  da  K-dramaland  (Schulze,  2013).  Resultados  verificaram  percepções culturais nas categorias: comportamento doméstico, relacionamentos amorosos e relações hierárquicas. O artigo conclui que os fãs, ao consumirem esses doramas, estabelecem apenas parcialmente a distinção entre o que seria cultura sul-coreana e o que seria criação da K-dramaland.

Cultural distinctions related to otherness (Merleau-Ponty, 2019; Trouillot, 2011) and identities (Hall, 2016, 2019) are part of the theoretical scope that directs this research into the reception of K-dramas by Brazilian fans. Field research was carried out with the aim of observing habits, behaviors and customs understood as South Korean culture and/or as constitutive of K-dramaland (Schulze, 2013). Results verified cultural perceptions on categories: domestic behavior, romantic relationships  and  hierarchical  relationships.  The  article  concludes  that  fans,  when  consuming  K-dramas, only partially establish the distinction between what would be South Korean culture and what would be the creation of K-dramaland.

Wersja elektroniczna publikacji jest wersją podstawową Dostępna na stronie: piz.san.edu.pl 3 Wstęp Część I Uwarunkowania zarządzania konkurencyjnością regionów Iwona Żukowska | Turystyka jako czynnik rozwoju regionalnego w Unii Europejskiej Renata Seweryn | Demograficzno-geograficzne determinanty oceny bezpieczeństwa w turystyce (na przykładzie badań uczestników ŚDM Kraków 2016

This case explores the complexities of marketing and promotion for a non-traditional sport. The case is focused on the inclusion of trivia as a sport in the Pan Pacific Masters Games (PPMG) and provides instructors with an opportunity to discuss and debate the fundamental definitions of sport (and whether trivia is a sport) before tackling more complex marketing issues that flow from it being included in the PPMG. The case narrative allows students to follow Shane, an advocate and stakeholder for advancing trivia as a sport, as he plans for, and prepares to host the first ever trivia event at the PPMG. The case could be used in either undergraduate or postgraduate courses that discuss sport or event marketing. The discussion questions included as part of the teaching note are applicable for either undergraduate or postgraduate students. It might be expected that postgraduate students provide more in-depth analysis and critique, and therefore additional readings and guidance for instructors to tailor the use of the case accordingly is provided. The PPMG has approximately 12,000 participants aged 30 and over in 42 sports. After an email to various stakeholders soliciting interest in new sports to be added, the PPMG announced that trivia was to be included in the 2014 Games. Shane, a regular participant in the PPMG and board member of Quizzing Australia (the governing body for trivia), was elated, as he had successfully proposed the addition of trivia. As the case describes, after his successful bid, Shane was faced with many decisions on how to appropriately market and stage a trivia event at the PPMG. Shane's success hinged on securing at least 100 participants in trivia for the inaugural event, as it would be excluded from any future PPMG if the 2014 event (upon which this case is [ 1 0 _ T D $ D I F F ] focused) was unsuccessful. Participation was therefore a key driver for any of Shane's marketing actions in planning and preparing for the event.

The DESECE Children's Festival was launched in 2010 at the Department of Educational Sciences and Early Childhood Education (DESECE) of the University of Patras. It is organised annually by the DESECE students in collaboration with their professors and comprises a variety of educational and creative workshops for children of a preschool age. To date, it has hosted over 10,000 children, and 300 institutions and schools, and has expanded its activities into other areas as well, such as teacher training. In 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and in order to support the children, parents and teachers, the Children's Festival sought alternative ways of carrying out the event, creating online activities and a thirty-hour virtual festival over five days. This unprecedented experience offered great satisfaction to the Festival's Organising Committee, which managed the crisis, and to the volunteer students, who improved their digital skills and gained experience in e-learning. At the same time, it offered the possibility to people, both in Greece and abroad, to participate in the event, which until then had been limited to local society.

The aim of this paper is to bring forward a broad IMP theoretical platform to found a base for discussion of the nature of business networks and clusters. This platform should then highlight cluster characteristics as well as stress that successful development and initiation of clusters is based on one or more well-established networks. In particular, the focus is on the similarities and differences between business networks and clusters in order to underline how the development of clusters can be understood as extensions of network development. The main result obtained from this investigation is that it seems as if the IMP network approach can contribute to the discussion of cluster development and initiation. It can provide deeper insight and more information to the development process than the various cluster approaches. On the other hand different cluster approaches are more nuanced on basic differences between actors with the concept of Triple Helix.

W światowej literaturze naukowej dominowało przekonanie o wielości zalet związanych z organizacją mega-eventów. Społeczeństwa nastawione były pozytywnie do możliwości przeprowadzenia na swoim terenie największych imprez sportowych jak Igrzyska Olimpijskie. Jednak w ostatnich latach zauważalny jest zdecydowany sceptycyzm obywateli wielu państw wobec tego przedsięwzięcia, objawiający się odrzucaniem organizacji igrzysk referendalną decyzją mieszkańców. Celem niniejszej publikacji jest bliższe przedstawienie zagadnienia marketingu terytorialnego z wykorzystaniem igrzysk olimpijskich w kontekście społeczeństwa. W tym celu dokonany został krytyczny przegląd literatury naukowej, a także badania za pomocą anonimowej ankiety. Wyniki badań pozwalają stwierdzić, że społeczeństwo ciągle dostrzega pozytywne aspekty organizowania igrzysk olimpijskich, jakimi są promocja i turystyka.The belief in the multitude of advantages connected with the organization of megaevents dominated in the world'...