Environmental Perception

environmental perception, and place satisfaction. Nonetheless, no significant mediating effects were observed among the variables of place attachment and environmental perception. The findings underscore that human evaluations and perceptions of a locale are intricately tied to cognitive and sensory experiences that engender positive sentiments towards the place.

Over the past few decades, cities have been subject to dramatic interventions such as rapid developments, increased modernization and capitalist production of spaces. These changes, occurring in parallel with globalization, have changed the long-lasting environmental perception and damaged the sense of attachment by transforming urban spaces into unidentified areas. In this regard, the main purpose of this paper is to explore the components of the sense of place and identifying its factors under the changing conditions. This conception aims to develop an integrated proposal that provides a better understanding of fluxional urban areas. The methodology of this study consists of two parts; literature review and, field survey which adopts a qualitative approach through a web-based survey and semi-structured short interviews with locals. Within this scope, by chronologically reviewing the literature, the first part of the article questions how the sense of place can be defined and what components can serve to define its perception. In the second part, Kuzguncuk, which is one of the historical and most liveable neighbourhoods of Istanbul, is examined as the case study of this research. Due to its recent designation as an urban transformation area, the study focuses on to reinterpret Kuzguncuk according to its residents' sense of place. Findings After the findings are obtained and evaluated with a five-point Likert scale, the effect levels of the components on the quality of urban areas and the satisfaction of the people in the neighbourhood are determined. Due to the pandemic measures, the survey conducted to the residents of Kuzguncuk was carried out digitally, and the interviews were realized by taking into account social distance. This paper foresees to contribute to the literature by developing an empirical study on the concept of sense of place with its descriptive and interpretive approach. Further studies, which can utilize the results of this article, may answer questions about how the components related to sense of place sought out and reinterprets these factors over historical places.

1-Highlighting the importance of the interactive relationship between those interested in design in the field of showing the industrial product. 2-Clarify that the industrial product is the focus of the process whose sides are (designer, implementer, seller, consumer). 3-Clarify the modern technologies in the process of showing the design of the industrial product. The research problem is summarized in that the methods used to show the industrial product to those interested must keep pace with the modern technological age and use the latest methods of displaying the product, such as (using virtual reality techniques) to reach the stage of persuasion for those interested. The use of modern methods of displaying the product enhances the power of persuasion and adds a lot of dazzle to the design idea. Research aims: -1-Clarify the interactive relationship between those interested in product design. 2-Clarify the sides of the design process, which is centered by the producer, and its sides (the designer, the implementer, the seller, the consumer). 3-Keeping pace with technological development by using the latest technology in product display. Deductive approach. Search Plan The research is divided into two main axes The first axis: -Those in charge of design (designer -implementer -seller -consumer). The second axis: Methods of showing the product.

Öz Kentlerin okunabilir ve tanımlanabilir olması, kentlilerin aidiyet, güvenlik, sosyalleşme, yer-yön bulma gibi temel ihtiyaçlarının giderilebilmesi ve insan-çevre ilişkilerinin olumlu yönde geliştirilmesi adına gereklidir. Bir kentin söz konusu özellikleri içeren ve kentlilerin yaşam kalitesini arttıran nitelikli bir kent olup olmadığı, çevresel algı ve kentsel imge çalışmalarıyla ortaya konarak değerlendirilebilmekte ve gerektiğinde iyileştirmeler yapılabilmektedir. Bu nedenle çevresel algı çalışmalarının ampirik düzlemde geliştirilmesi ve yeni yaklaşım biçimlerinin uygulanması önemlidir. Bu araştırmada yöntem olarak durum çalışması (case study) gerçekleştirilmiş, İzmir kent merkezinin önemli yerleşimlerinden biri olan Karşıyaka çalışma alanı olarak seçilerek çevresel algısı çözümlenmiştir. Çalışmada anı, hafıza, duygu, düşünce ve davranışları oluşturan bilişsel (cognitive) ve duygusal (affective) algı süreçleri bütünde ele alınmıştır. Bu kapsamda öncelikle literatür taraması ile araştırmanın kuramsal modeli ortaya konmuş, alan çalışmasında tesadüfi olarak seçilen katılımcılarla açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiş ve Lynch'in bilişsel haritalama yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analiz edilmesiyle, çalışma alanı olarak seçilen Karşıyaka'nın çevresel algısı ve kentsel imgesi çözümlenmiş, kentsel potansiyelleri ve zayıflıkları ortaya konmuştur. Çalışmanın sonunda Karşıyaka'nın ticari, sosyal, rekreatif ve kültürel açıdan kentliler için nitelikli bir kent deneyimi sunan, çevresel imgelenebilirliği yüksek, kullanıcıları tarafından benimsenmiş, anlamlandırılmış, olumlu duygusal bağlar kurulan bir yerleşim yeri olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

This study is mainly influenced by the idea of Manfredo Tafuri that architecture cannot fulfil its ideological task since it started serving capitalism and there are no more utopias. In his book Architecture and Utopia: Design and Capitalist Development, Tafuri discusses the sociophilosophical tangle in which architects have been struggling since the 18th century. According to Tafuri, the drama of today's architecture is the obligation to return to pure architecture, a matter of form without utopia, supreme uselessness. Another influence on the study is Richard Sennett's book The Corrosion of Character. Sennett mentions the concept of flexible capitalism and explains that work life is not as rigid as it was before. According to Sennett, flexibility has an impact on personal character and asks questions about how to decide the lasting value of we in an impatient society, how to pursue a long-term goal in a short-term economy, how to sustain loyalties to the continually redesigning institutions. Purpose The thoughts of Tafuri and Sennett are discussed through Patrik Schumacher's Parametricism manifesto. In the manifesto, Schumacher reflects architecture's evolving patterns of communication in relation to its social task. The main objective of the study is to propose a future space based on the ideas of Tafuri, Sennett and Schumacher. Design/Methodology/Approach This paper discusses the reviews of books of Tafuri and Sennett and manifesto of Schumacher as a methodology. Findings After the reviews of The Corrosion of Character and Architecture and Utopia, there is a discussion of flexible space through parametric design approach. Finally, there is the prediction of future space based on the findings in the previous sections. Research Limitations/Implications There are no research limitations for this paper. Social/Practical Implications According to this paper, parametric design method can be used in practice to achieve the spaces that are needed by the complex society of global era. Originality/Value This paper synthesizes the ideas of two great thinkers, who have influential discourses on architecture and business world, and approaches them from the perspective of parametric design as one of today's design tools, to make predictions about the future space.

Little is known about rlze values inznzigrant groups or U.S.-horn racial and etlznic minorities attribute to rt~ilderness. However, the views c?f'these groups are iniportant to wil&rness preservation because qf irzcreusing diversity uloi7g etllnic, c.ulrural, and racial lines in the United States. W e exanzinc the proposition tlzat wilderness is a social construction (valued prinzarily by US.-born Wl7ite.s) hj. coinparing bt7ilclerness values for imnzigrants and C1.S.-born nzinority respondents to Wlzites. Results fiom 10 1vilden7ess value items sllou inzmigrants arc sigrzificai~tly less IikeIy to indic,ute oil-site use vulue. Aniong US.-born rac~ial/ethnic groups, Black rc.sponek.nrs 1 1 ~r ~ leust lilie!)' to iizdiccrte values associated with visitation and oxjsire use but as likclj. a.s U~Izitc~.s to ii~dicatc (I ~*alue,for rontinur.d exi.~ttciic o f r~~ilelerrzess. l1.S.-born Asia1z.s and Latinos were also less IikrLv than Whites to indicate values relating to \vilder~zess on-site use. In?plicutioizs qf,finding.s,fbr ~vilderness as social construction are discussed.

This study investigates the relationship between environmental performance and ecological sustainability by analyzing data from 168 countries using two widely recognized indicators: the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) and the Ecological Footprint (EF) per capita. Contrary to common assumptions that strong environmental governance correlates with lower ecological impact, the findings reveal a moderate positive relationship between EPI and EF (Pearson's r = 0.57; Spearman's ρ = 0.65, p < 0.001). This finding suggests that countries with higher EPI scores often exhibit larger ecological footprints, primarily driven by affluence and consumption intensity. Linear regression results further substantiate this link, with EPI emerging as a significant predictor of EF (β = 0.107, p < 0.001), explaining 32.4% of the variance. Cluster and principal component analyses reveal four country typologies, distinguishing between high-performing but high-impact nations and those achieving more sustainable balances. Case studies, including Germany, Saint Lucia, Saudi Arabia, and Guatemala, illustrate the spectrum of governance-impact dynamics. These results challenge the adequacy of governance-centric indicators and highlight the need for integrated sustainability frameworks that combine policy metrics with consumption-based impact measures. By questioning the assumption that environmental performance is synonymous with ecological sustainability, this research calls for a fundamental rethinking of how sustainability is measured, communicated, and pursued in the era of planetary boundaries.

There is a great lack of scientific knowledge about the Ocean and a disconnect between scientific knowledge and public understanding of this environment. Considering the importance of Ocean Literacy in society, we illustrate in this study how the complexity and transversality of the Ocean enable disciplinary and interdisciplinary dialogues and reflections in schools. Based on a documental analysis, this work identified the presence and frequency of relationships between the Specific Competencies (SC) of the Common National Curriculum Base (BNCC - High School) and the Ocean Literacy Principles, based on contents of the Natural Sciences. Relationships between all the Principles and SC were identified, favored by aspects such as interdisciplinarity, scientific work, social dimension and complexity. Considering the illustrative character of this work, we emphasize the potential of using the Ocean as an integrating theme, the need for educational processes for educators and the planning ...

RESUMO O presente trabalho tem por objetivo verificar a presença dos valores humanos e do saber prático na educação do Brasil, da Itália e do Japão, através da pesquisa bibliográfica e entrevistas. Da verificação realizada, avaliar a importância dos valores humanos e do saber prático na educação e seus reflexos nos resultados de cada nação. Sua motivação parte da constatação de uma realidade brasileira: o enorme contraste entre o seu imenso potencial e o seu baixo nível de desenvolvimento, considerada ainda uma nação em desenvolvimento. Dessa constatação, questiona-se por que o Brasil, apesar de ter recursos naturais em abundância, não consegue se tornar um país desenvolvido e protagonista? Qual o papel da educação nesta passagem? Que tipo de educação? Para avaliar a importância dos valores humanos e do saber prático, partiu-se da outra ponta, os produtos, enquanto resultado gerado pelos cidadãos e sua coletividade. Uma pesquisa e análise através dos "Made in". Da Itália, enquanto berço da cultura ocidental, do humanismo-histórico e civil e o Japão enquanto referência mundial da refinada cultura oriental. Outrossim, tanto Made in Italy como Made in Japan são referências mundiais de alta qualidade. Identificado a essência nas bases dos "Made in", verificar se há relação com a educação, a formação do saber prático e dos valores humanos. Realizou-se o mesmo processo de estudo do Made in Brasil e sua relação com a educação, o saber prático e os valores humanos. Para, então, poder avaliar a importância dos valores humanos e do saber prático na educação brasileira para o desenvolvimento de cidadãos responsáveis e protagonistas e que possibilite ser uma nação desenvolvida.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo descrever o perfil socioeconômico dos moradores do entorno da Lagoa do Apodi, Rio Grande do Norte, apontando a percepção ambiental destes atores locais. Como procedimento metodológico foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado com questões sobre o perfil socioeconômico do entrevistado e sua percepção ambiental. Foram realizadas 185 entrevistas, durante os meses de fevereiro a maio de 2017. Constatou-se que os moradores questionados em sua maioria são naturais de Apodi que residem há mais de 20 anos nessa área, apresentando baixo nível de escolaridade, com ocupações informais e, de rendimentos financeiros de até 1 salário mínimo por mês para maioria. Evidenciou-se que a maioria da população local apresenta um vínculo afetivo com a lagoa, já que consideram um ambiente natural para ser preservado e apreciado. Observou-se que este ambiente apresentou diversos usos ao longo dos anos, com fortes laços para atividades tradicionais (agricultura e pesca) e a...

Space is a fundamental component of our existence, without which we cannot live or think. During our daily lives, we perceive various components of space concurrently and we build an understanding of the environment in our memories. The spatial properties/qualities of the environment have their own unique place in this context and have been studied in psychological and several non-psychological disciplines such as architecture, phenomenology, sociology and geography. In this frame, imageability theory focuses on the environment’s visuo-spatial quality, whereas space syntax theory focuses on its spatial configuration, and they both enable the systematic evaluation of numerical data.

Starting with the question "What makes a space memorable among all its different components/features?", the research aims to investigate the effect of certain spatial qualities on spatial memory through quantitative research on an architectural scale. Within a multidisciplinary framework, the methodology presents a unique approach that integrates space syntax with memory data. Firstly, content analysis was applied to cognitive maps, and the obtained data were redefined according to the configurational (syntactic) and imageability qualities of the real environment they represent. Secondly, the redefined data was tested to evaluate the effect of spatial qualities on memory. 77 participants (age 23-75; 52M/25F) attended the case study and drew the plan schemas of the school building they graduated from. The relation between memory and (1) spatial units’ imageability categories is searched through ANOVA tests, and (2) spatial units’ syntactic values is searched through correlation tests. The significant results reveal that configurational and visual qualities of spaces are essential factors on what will be stored in memory depending on their lead of participants’ spatial experience routines via their formal qualities. Furthermore, the case study presents multidisciplinary data that contributes to architectural design, environment and behavior, and space syntax theories and provides new insight into cognitive research on memory.

Urban squares are essential elements defining public interactions, cultural manifestations, and urban social characteristics. The spaces function as central meeting areas where citizens participate in civic duties, connect and serve to maintain urban design unity. The evaluation process of design quality proves challenging because it combines the personal interpretation of many complex variables, which standard assessment techniques struggle to measure. The researchers present a Mamdani-based fuzzy logic model that evaluates urban square design quality through eight core parameters: imageability, meaning, legibility, time, enclosure, dominance, diversity, and comfort. Fuzzy logic is an approximation system that converts evaluative statements based on linguistic expressions into numerical arrangements, which excel at interpreting multifaceted urban design evaluations. The model underwent calibration through evaluations from 1,044 architecture professionals, planners, and landscape architects, and it was used to analyze 20 internationally recognized urban squares with various spatial designs across different cultural settings. The quantitative model demonstrated its accuracy by matching expert-aggregated scores when measured against predictions, with a precision of ±1.5% pin predicting outcomes. All examined variables confirmed that enclosure and comfort are the key factors influencing perceptions of design quality. The model provides practical applications for urban planners, decision-makers, and educators through its ability to create a standardized evaluation process for current and future urban interventions. The framework offers a distinctive approach that integrates design thinking-oriented methods with evaluative measures, rendering it practical for contemporary urban design practice.

O artigo desenvolve uma abordagem audiovisual para o estudo dos saberes, fazeres e interações envolvidos na prática da vigia de cardumes durante a temporada de pesca da tainha com rede de cerco, em Florianópolis. Através de fotos panorâmicas, narrativas em vídeo e montagens em hipermídia, provocamos o leitor/espectador a “ver peixe”, ampliando suas habilidades perceptuais na compreensão da formação da paisagem litorânea entre coletivos de pesca.The project described in this article is a study of the knowledge, practices and interactions involved in watching for fish shoals and deploying seine nets during the mullet (tainha) fishing season in Florianópolis, Brazil. Through the use of panoramic photos, films, museum exhibitions and hypermedia, we challenge the audience to ‘see fish’ and enhance their perceptual skills.Translation: David Roger

En la agenda pública existe un renovado interés por garantizar el acceso a un hábitat adecuado mediante una concepción democrática, participativa y concertada. Sin embargo, identificamos que algunos indicadores que el Estado utiliza para medir la calidad de las viviendas no incluyen las prácticas de la propia comunidad. El artículo pone en discusión la acción estatal frente a la local para reflexionar sobre la planificación del hábitat rural. Para ello, seleccionamos un caso de estudio en Lavalle, Mendoza-Argentina y lo analizamos desde una metodología cualitativa. Los datos de campo indican que la población construye sus viviendas con recursos naturales disponibles, de menor costo y utilizables bajo conocimientos técnicos tradicionales. Esto da cuenta de la brecha existente entre las prácticas estatales y las particularidades que presentan los territorios y sus pobladores. Consideramos que para alcanzar un ordenamiento territorial más inclusivo resulta necesario incorporar en las p...

O artigo desenvolve uma abordagem audiovisual para o estudo dos saberes, fazeres e interações envolvidos na prática da vigia de cardumes durante a temporada de pesca da tainha com rede de cerco, em Florianópolis. Através de fotos panorâmicas, narrativas em vídeo e montagens em hipermídia, provocamos o leitor/espectador a “ver peixe”, ampliando suas habilidades perceptuais na compreensão da formação da paisagem litorânea entre coletivos de pesca.The project described in this article is a study of the knowledge, practices and interactions involved in watching for fish shoals and deploying seine nets during the mullet (tainha) fishing season in Florianópolis, Brazil. Through the use of panoramic photos, films, museum exhibitions and hypermedia, we challenge the audience to ‘see fish’ and enhance their perceptual skills.Translation: David Roger

2022, Ramos. Este é um artigo de acesso aberto distribuído sob os termos da Licença Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 4.0, que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução para fins não comerciais, com a citação dos autores e da fonte original e sob a mesma licença.

astarte est un programme de recherche qui vise à améliorer la résilience des populations européennes aux tsunamis. Une enquête à l' échelle européenne a été conduite en 2014 -2015 dans des secteurs littoraux exposés à ce risque. Cet article en présente quelques résultats, en s'interrogeant sur le rôle que la perception récurrente, voire quotidienne, d'un paysage de mer agitée -en l' occurrence l'Océan atlantique, sur la côte portugaise de sines -peut jouer dans l'identification d'un paysage de tsunami et, dans les comportements spontanés adoptés par les usagers. Le rôle du paysage dans la perception sociale du risque a été évalué en interrogeant un échantillon d'individus -directement sur le littoral -, en les mettant en situation à l'aide de photographies de divers contextes littoraux (tsunamis, tempêtes et marée basse). il a été demandé aux populations interrogées d' évaluer le niveau de risque qu'ils percevaient sur chaque photographie. Les principales conclusions révèlent que les tsunamis appréhendés à travers des photos pendant l' enquête ont été perçus comme des situations moins risquées que celles montrant des ondes de tempêtes. ainsi, au Portugal il faudrait sensibiliser davantage les populations à l'importance des signes précurrecebido: janeiro, 2016. aceite: abril, 2017.

Der Jesuitische Missionar Cristobal de Acuña wunderte sich bei seiner ersten Reise auf dem Amazonasstrom im Jahr 1639, dass die Caripuna und Zurina mit ihren bloßen Händen Holzbänke in Tierform herstellten. Diese waren so fein gearbeitet und eigneten sich so gut zum Ausruhen des Körpers, dass sie weder an Bequemlichkeit noch Einfallsreichtum verbesserungswürdig seien (Acuña 1639: 145).
Seitdem ist viel Wasser den Amazonas hinuntergeflossen und immer noch ziehen die Holzbänkchen der indigenen Bevölkerung im amazonischen Tiefland große Aufmerksamkeit auf sich. Heute werden sie als Arte Indígena angeboten und in Museen ausgestellt. Auch in den Dörfern werden sie von den Künstlern zum Verkauf angeboten, wie dieser Schemel aus dem Dorf der Mehinako, der für die Ethnologische Sammlung in Göttingen angekauft wurde. Haben diese Objekte durch ihre Popularisierung heute an Zauber verloren?

A componente estética constitui um atributo indispensável para um melhor entendimento da paisagem. O presente estudo analisa a qualidade estética e a valoração económica da paisagem fluvial do Baixo Guadiana, através da aplicação de métodos diretos e indiretos de avaliação da paisagem, suportados pela realização de questionários de participação pública. Pretende-se aferir a opinião de especialistas e também de visitantes deste local. Relativamente à análise da qualidade, fragilidade e capacidade de absorção visual da paisagem, considerando as seis subunidades de paisagem identificadas, verificou-se que a subunidade Complexo Turístico|Golfe é a que possui maior qualidade visual, a subunidade Agrícola|Produção é a que tem maior nível de fragilidade visual, e que a subunidade Complexo Turístico|Golfe é a que tem a capacidade de absorção visual mais elevada. Verifica-se ainda que os visitantes preferem os espaços associados ao golfe e ao sapal, sendo a presença de água o principal fator para a sua preferência. No que se refere à valoração económica verifica-se que em média cada utilizador gastou cerca de 50 euros, valor que despenderia para visitar novamente a paisagem. Da análise efetuada conclui-se que os métodos de avaliação utilizados se adequam às análises efetuadas pois, mesmo aplicando enfoques hipotéticos, é possível quantificar o valor de existência, gestão e manutenção de determinado bem ou serviço ambiental.

In California, earthquake insurance is not mandatory and is relatively expensive. Investment in earthquake insurance is one indicator of individual household response to hazards in the urban environment. This paper reports on a series of three surveys of California homeowners undertaken in 1989, 1990, and 1993 in Contra Costa, Santa Clara, Los Angeles, and San Bernardino counties. The surveys addressed six hypotheses: rates of insurance subscription have increased; socioeconomic and demographic characteristics distinguish the insured from the uninsured; insurance purchase is systematically related to geophysical risk at the home site; perceived risk is a predictor of insurance purchase; experience with an earthquake increases perceived risk and motivates insurance purchase; and mandatory noncatastrophic insurance increases the propensity to buy nonmandatory catastrophic insurance. The surveys yielded three primary findings. First, the proportion of households subscribing to earthquake insurance increased steadily, from about 5 percent in 1973 to approximately 40 percent in Santa Clara and Los Angeles counties in 1989 and 50 percent in those counties in 1993. Second, the geographic pattern of insurance subscription has consistently been unrelated to relative geophysical risk: those in areas susceptible to high degrees of ground shaking are no more likely to purchase insurance than those in less risky areas. Third, the strongest and most consistent predictor of earthquake insurance purchase is perceived vulnerability: those who perceive that their homes or communities are likely to experience earthquake damage are more likely to purchase earthquake insurance. Future research should involve cross-cultural studies, specifically addressed at questions of the universality of the empirical relationships between personality, demographic-economic status, and insurance purchase, or, more broadly, earthquake-mitigation behavior.

With a fresh view on contemporary Alpine anthropology, this volume provides a comprehensive examination of ethnographic research in the Alpine region and addresses socio-cultural transformations driven by climate change, tourism and a variety of economic and environmental pressures. By bringing together diverse perspectives from a range of contributors who reflect on their fieldwork experiences and the evolving dynamics of Alpine communities, it aims to fill a significant gap in the anthropology of the Alps.
Drawing on a rich collection of ethnographic studies, this book reveals the intersection of local practices with global forces such as industrial agriculture, tourism and height technology. The three thematic sections examine enduring cultural practices, changing landscapes as well as transforming relationships between people and the land. Viewing the Alps as a microcosm of global change, this volume offers new anthropological insights into the Alpine region and beyond.
New Horizons for the Alps is both a critical reflection on the state of Alpine anthropology and an invitation to future research that recognises the complexity of human-environment interactions.

Adaptações e percepção da população a eventos de ressaca do mar no litoral de Maricá, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil * @, Flavia Moraes Lins-de-Barros @, a ; Felipe Zeidan a ; Rafael de França Lima a O presente artigo destaca a importância do estudo da percepção e das adaptações das pessoas e do poder público local frente ao impacto de eventos de ressaca do mar tendo como estudo de caso o litoral de Maricá, Rio de Janeiro. Este município situado a 60 km a leste da Baía de Guanabara é formado por duplos cordões litorâneos e lagunas à retaguarda. A orla estudada apresenta-se de modo geral muito exposta às fortes ondulações do quadrante sul. Três fortes ressacas desde a década 1990 causaram graves impactos em diversos segmentos deste litoral, com destaque para a uma ocorrida em maio de 2001 quando diversas construções foram destruídas, o que gerou elevado prejuízo financeiro. Considerando tais epsódios o presente trabalho buscou analisar as diferentes respostas adaptativas realizadas, assim como a percepção sobre os riscos de danos, causas e soluções relacionadas com esse fenômeno. Estudos prévios demonstraram que o grau do estrago sofrido variou de acordo com as principais características oceanográficas (relacionadas à refração das ondas), geomorfológicas (granulometria, morfodinâmica praial e presença de dunas vegetadas ou não) e urbanas (densidade de ocupação e posição das casas, em relação ao perfil praial). Danos muito intensos, com destruição total de casas, quiosques e da avenida beira-mar ocorreram, principalmente, na praia e Barra de Maricá. Os prejuízos foram estimados em 200.000 reais/km. Para caracterizar as principais adaptações, após a ressaca de maio de 2001, realizaram-se trabalhos de campo, entre 2002 e 2005, quando foram feitas observações in loco, registros fotográficos e localização, por meio de GPS, das medidas realizadas. Para avaliar a percepção, aplicaram-se 65 questionários, à população da orla de Maricá, nos anos de 2003, dois anos após a considerável ressaca, de maio de 2001, e no presente ano, ou seja, 14 depois. Os resultados do atual trabalho demonstraram que as respostas adaptativas foram feitas, exclusivamente pelos moradores, donos de casas de veraneio ou donos de quiosques, sem qualquer apoio do poder público local. Identificaram-se diversos tipos de obras, tais como muros de proteção, enrocamentos e aterros. As entrevistas revelaram que o perigo do mar, a agressividade das ondas e as ressacas são percebidos como o principal problema da praia de Maricá, pela maioria das pessoas entrevistadas. Além disso, tanto em 2003 como em 2015, grande parte dos entrevistados afirmou acreditar que suas propriedades encontrar-se-ão em risco, caso haja novas ocorrências. Quase todos citam as mudanças climáticas, a subida do nível do mar ou outros fatores naturais, como causas do problema. O sentimento de risco ocasionou ainda um processo de desvalorização imobiliária, principalmente nos dois anos seguintes à ressaca do ano de 2001. Tal processo não é mais apontado, atualmente, como um problema por grande parte, dos respondentes, embora alguns alertem que as casas na beira mar não conseguem ser vendidas facilmente. Os dados encontrados, associados à análise espacial da vulnerabilidade física do litoral e dos danos sofridos em eventos de tempestade, são considerados essenciais para o desenvolvimento do planejamento e gestão costeira integrada.

In this essay, frontiers are discussed from the perspective of the actors moving in the terrain and finding their way. The Central Alpine region during the Bronze Age serves as a basis for the discussion. Whereas it is impossible to reconstruct Bronze Age people's perception of space as such, several archaeological sources provide clues as to how people interpreted and conceptualised their environment: besides concrete representations of space ('plans' or 'maps'), these include iconographic programmes that refer indirectly to more abstract spatial concepts. There is also evidence of ritualised social practices (especially selective object deposition) with an obvious relation to topography. It turns out that regional, local, and universal cosmic geographies all played a role in the Bronze Age conceptualisation of space, and that they significantly overlapped. The impregnation of geographical knowledge with mythology is striking. Border areas and transitional situations, specifically, played a key role in spatial perception and interpretation, as well as in the embodiment of geographic knowledge and, consequently, in wayfinding and orientation.

Seit mehr als 50 Jahren beflügelt die Figur des Schamanen oder der Schamanin die Fantasie von Menschen, die in ihr den Wunsch nach einem Kontakt zur "Anderwelt", zur "anderen Seite" jenseits der alltäglichen Welt unseres normalen Wachbewusstseins verkörpert sehen . Der Ethnologe und Schriftsteller Carlos Castaneda lieferte mit seinen Büchern zu den "Lehren des Don Juan" eine fiktionalisierte Vorlage anthropologischen Wissens, deren Einfluss auf die populären Vorstellungen des Schamanen kaum zu überschätzen ist. Ähnlich bedeutsam für die populäre Schamanismusrezeption in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts war das Buch Schamanismus und archaische Ekstasetechnik des Religionswissenschaftlers Mircea Eliade , der eine dekontextualisierte Konzeption des Schamanismus als eine universelle Form der Ur-Religion vertrat und einen "Idealtypus" der Figur des Schamanen erschuf (Znamenski, 2007, S. 165-203). Diese war selbstredend männlich. Die Prädominanz von Schamaninnen in vielen Formen des ost-bzw. südostasiatischen Schamanismus, wie etwa in Korea, spielte für Eliades Vorstellungen offenbar kaum eine Rolle. In dem spärlichen Register seines Buches findet man keinen Eintrag zu "Geschlecht" oder "Gender"; einzig zur "rituellen Verwandlung in eine Frau" bei den Tschuktschen gibt es einen Verweis, der das Gender-Thema betrifft. Dort kann man lesen: Die symbolisch-rituelle Verwandlung zur Frau erklärt sich wahrscheinlich aus einer vom archaischen Matriarchat stammenden Ideologie, doch scheint daraus (…) keine Priorität der Frau im frühesten Schamanismus hervorzugehen. Keinesfalls aber ist das Vorhanden-

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to explore the elements of Islamic architecture that contribute to the establishment of a strong connection between individuals and their surroundings, as well as enhancing their perception of the environment and preserving the cultural identity of Islamic architecture. It is important to acknowledge that the various elements of Islamic architecture have the capability to instill a sense of order, harmony, spirituality, identity, and vitality within the environment. This not only creates an aesthetically and emotionally pleasing experience for observers but also emphasizes the importance of understanding the identifying elements of Islamic architecture. Furthermore, this research adopts the metasynthesis approach to investigate the relationship between Islamic architecture and environmental perception.

Methodology: The research methodology used in this study is defined by its purpose and is described as both descriptive and analytical with a survey-based approach.  The data collection process involves conducting documentary studies, making field observations, and conducting interviews with 12 experts in the relevant field. In order to analyze the qualitative data and validate the variables extracted from the sources, metasynthesis and inductive coding methods were utilized in the Max Kyuda software during the interpretation of the interviews.

Results: In accordance with the study's objective and theoretical framework, as well as the responses provided by the participants during the interviews, the research components were categorized into seven dimensions: Identity, Social, Functional, Cultural, Environmental, Aesthetic, and Physical, as established by Max Kyuda. It is worth mentioning that each of these dimensions further comprises subsets through the process of inductive coding.

Conclusion: The enhancement of architectural design levels such as order, dynamism, and legibility, as well as the incorporation of key elements from Islamic architecture in contemporary cities, should be a vital consideration for architectural designers and urban planners.  By assessing the spaces within Islamic architecture, the connection between humans and the environment can be explored and its impact on urban identity and the enhancement of the relationship between Islamic architecture and environmental perception can be discussed.

Street vitality is a concept that makes the city more liveable with its economic and sociological gains. Static activities on the street contribute to vitality by supporting social interaction. This study investigates the positive effects of the perceptual and morphological boundary characteristics of static activity streets on the user. Using Space Syntax and fractal method, this research consists of two phases and the use of two different scales. The first step involves analysing the connectivity and enclosure factors of 13 static activity streets in Balıkesir city center at the street scale. By correlating the analysis results with the number of users determined by the observation method, the effect of street-scale boundary factors on user behaviour was determined. As a result of the first step, Aygıt Street, which has the highest boundary factor value at the street scale, was selected for the second step of the research, which is the building-scale analysis. The surrounding and permeability factors that create boundary effects at the building scale were analysed through street facades and sections, and the value was evaluated together with the areas preferred by people engaged in static activities. As a result of the correlation analysis between the boundary factor value and user behaviour, it has been determined that the connectivity, which creates a morphological boundary effect at the street scale, and the enclosure factor, which creates a perceptual boundary effect, positively affect the users. It was determined that elements such as awnings, eaves, flower beds, and signboards, which determine the surrounding factor that creates a morphological boundary effect at the building scale, increase the number of users. It is concluded that the wall surfaces on the street facades, which determine the permeability factor that creates a perceptual boundary effect at the building scale, positively affect user behaviour. The model created in this study, which brings together two different approaches, namely urban and architectural scales and morphological and perceptual boundary factors, is intended to form a basis for the design processes of spaces and streets that support static activities in cities.

The concept of biocultural diversity, originally used to describe indigenous people and their ways of using and managing natural resources, has more recently been applied within the urban context to understand the variability of interactions between humans and nature. Significant progress has been made internationally in acknowledging the need to preserve and maintain green spaces in urban environments. Current efforts to address the need for greening urban areas in South Africa primarily focus on the establishment and maintenance of botanical gardens and parks as well as various green belts within the urban landscape. South Africa's urban areas are overwhelmingly shaped by the historical segregation of space and stark disparities in wealth. The distribution, quality, and extent of urban green spaces reflect this. Many township dwellers do not have access to these amenities and their interactions with nature are thus usually constrained to access to municipal commonages. This article explores how areas of natural vegetation in municipal commonages on the outskirts of urban centers in South Africa continue to offer places of cultural, spiritual, and restorative importance to Xhosaspeaking township dwellers. A case study from Grahamstown, an urban center in the Eastern Cape with a population of around 80,000, illustrates how ability to access and move through such places contributes to people's well-being, identity formation, and shared heritage. A case is made for adopting a biocultural diversity approach to spatial planning and urban development within the South African context.

Recently "metaphors" have taken attention of the educators, and have become a subject of many national and international researches. In this research, "Environment" is selected as a metaphor subject due to increasing environmental problems lately. Environmental education has an important place within the science of geography. In this reason, there are various explanations, student outcomes, and subjects related to environment in Instructional Program for Geography Course. Teachers are one of the most important elements of the education process, and their teaching forms of the phenomena, events, and concepts reflect their viewpoints primarily. This research was carried out to put forward the metaphors produced by geography teachers' perceptions towards "Environment" concept. The study group of the research is 116 geography teachers that attend in Istanbul. The research data was gathered by completing "Environment is like ... because ..." statement. * Bu makale Crosscheck sistemi tarafından taranmış ve bu sistem sonuçlarına göre orijinal bir makale olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

INDICE IV L'horridus dIetro casa ria Berg, Bringing the Wilderness into the Domus. Loca horrida in Roman Domestic Decor simone foresta, L'orrida assenza e il felice ritorno del princeps. La natura nell'elaborazione augustea tra ansie e rinascite stephanie Wyler, Killer Creepers. The Uncanny of Nature in Dionysiac Roman Images francesca mermati-luca di franco, Domare l'horridus. Il paesaggio flegreo da immaginifica ambientazione sacra ad elemento del luxus V Permanenze e rItornI marco giglio, La Grotta del Cane ad Agnano. Un locus horridus antico?

Gestão de conflitos com carnívoros silvestres 1 Introdução Principais carnívoros envolvidos em conflitos com a sociedade 2 Onça-pintada (Panthera onca) 3 Onça-parda (Puma concolor) 4 Jaguatirica (Leopardus pardalis) e gatos-do-mato 5 Lobo-guará (Chrysocyon brachyurus) 6 Cachorro-do-mato (Cerdocyon thous) e outros canídeos pequenos 7 Quati (Nasua nasua) 8 Irara (Eira barbara), furão (Galictis sp.) e lontra (Lontra longicaudis) Por que é importante preservarmos os carnívoros? 9 Importância ecológica 10 Importância econômica 11 Razões legais 12 Razões emocionais e culturais 13 Questões éticas Conflitos entre os mamíferos carnívoros e a população humana 14 O que fazer para minimizar os conflitos com carnívoros silvestres? 15 O que fazer quando encontrar um carnívoro silvestre? Quando e como capturar um carnívoro silvestre? Atropelamento da fauna silvestre 16 Disque-denúncia

Resumo: Localizada no entorno de um manguezal chamado de Parque dos Manguezais, em Recife, Pernambuco, a Escola Municipal Karla Patrícia possui, entre outras funções, a de contribuir para a conservação do mesmo, por meio da Educação Ambiental. Porém, antes de efetivar ações em Educação Ambiental, faz-se necessária uma diagnose que permita conhecer as percepções do corpo docente e discente. Assim sendo, fundamentado na Teoria das Representações Sociais de Serge Moscovici (1961) e utilizando o software Evoc, buscou-se identificar as representações sociais sobre o ecossistema manguezal dos alunos e professores do Ensino Fundamental da Escola, com a intenção de oferecer subsídios que auxiliem na Educação Ambiental voltada para a conservação do ecossistema local. Para identificar tais representações, utilizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa com 92% dos professores e 25% dos alunos que compõem o Ensino Fundamental da Escola. Por meio das representações sociais dos professores, percebeu-se que, apesar de conhecerem o ecossistema manguezal, eles não conhecem o Parque dos Manguezais assim como os pressupostos da Educação Ambiental, necessitando assim de informações que os auxiliem nesse sentido pois suas representações estão voltadas para uma categoria naturalista, ou seja, a visão da natureza que se deve apreciar, cuidar e respeitar, mas que desconsidera o homem como parte do contexto. Quanto aos alunos, apesar de não terem conhecimentos sistêmicos a respeito do manguezal, eles conhecem bem o Parque dos Manguezais e suas representações estão voltadas para a preocupação com a poluição.

The concept of the museum today should be considered as a social communication platform, and museums should be designed by taking into account the interaction and harmony of their open and closed spaces with the immediate surroundings. This study emphasizes the importance of museums for the city and discusses design approaches to museum open spaces with examples of their effective use and an evaluation of the opinions of their users. In order to shed light on today's museum exterior design approaches, evaluations of the design setup of the museum open spaces were carried out on the basis of literature research and spatial experiences of the museum examples visited. In addition, using the content analysis method, by creating statements about usage, satisfaction level, and expectations, a questionnaire was planned and designed to be applied to a volunteer user group. According to the examples given and the survey data, museum open space designs were carried out. Four groups of factors-planning and design, social, functional and perceptual-having the greatest impact on visitor satisfaction were identified. The examples given include a discussion of museum open space facilities, along with commentary from the literature. For the evaluation of the users, a survey was conducted with 74 people. The survey asked about their satisfaction levels and their expectations in terms of museums and open spaces. Since there was not chance to conduct face to face survey in pandemic conditions, the study was conducted that questioned the general qualifications. In addition to reaching the users visiting the museum were limited. When we look at the literature, multi-dimensional research has been carried out on museum architecture and design. However, no comprehensive study has been carried out on museum open spaces. Consequently, this study focused on the interaction between museum open spaces and visitors.

The link between regional development and cultural heritage has been at the center of theoretical discussions and practices in the field of preservation. Especially, varieties of practices and regional plans have been developed in different parts of the World such as Europe, Russia and South Africa in order to ensure regional development through cultural heritage. In this paper, it is accepted that a cultural landscape, as a sub-region of a particular region, is a relevant and meaningful unit that can contribute to the qualities of the region in terms of socio-cultural and economic aspects. In this context, the main goal of this paper is to develop a set of criteria that will act as a tool for identifying to which aspects of a cultural landscape has the potential to contribute regional development and to evaluate possible contributions of Ephesus and its cultural landscape to regional development. These criteria can be classified according to a framework implying a three-fold classification; improvements in the physical quality of the cultural landscape, economic dimension and socio-cultural dimension. As a result, this case indicates that cultural landscape has great potential to contribute to the social and economic development of a region. There is a great need to support community through tools such as awareness raising programmes, regional heritage planning, regional heritage institutions acting as regional agencies.

The environment has been a relevant issue for many decades in the world and for Brazil and the implementation of Environmental Education (EE) is related to the development of these socio-environmental issues, due to the important role of education in resolving this problem. However, EE is universalized in 94% of primary schools in our country, according to the Ministry of Education, the work developed, in general, has not yet reached the level of quality and reflection sought. From this perspective, it can be observed that, although Brazilian legislation proposes that EE should be present in schools in a transversal and interdisciplinary way, the reflections discussed above may bring us some questions. Thus, based on the concepts of Complex Environmental Education, the present study is aimed to evaluate the possible transformations in the environmental perceptions and social representations of the students after participating in different sensitization activities, among them the tre...

Nesta pesquisa são apresentadas informações referentes ao conhecimento dos estudantes em Zoologia e a aceitação do uso do cordel para essa finalidade. O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a compreensão de estudantes envolvidos na pesquisa sobre invertebrados bentônicos e o uso do cordel em sua abordagem educativa no Ensino Médio. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma escola pública, localizada no município de Estrela de Alagoas, interior do estado de Alagoas, Brasil. Essa pesquisa foi baseada no processo investigativo, com aplicação de questionário sem intervenções das pesquisadoras. A análise dos resultados revela que uma porcentagem significativa dos estudantes envolvidos na pesquisa possui conhecimento sobre os animais invertebrados bentônicos, reforçando a ideia de que muitos apresentam uma bagagem de informações, que são adquiridas em seu entorno territorial e cultural. Outra questão destacada foi a utilização dos versos em cordel como de fácil leitura e compreensão por parte dos estudantes. Sendo assim, é importante dialogar saberes utilizando os conhecimentos adquiridos em seus entornos na construção de novos conhecimentos.

Resumo O nome do estado de Alagoas originou-se a partir das inúmeras lagunas costeiras, entretanto as populações das cidades do interior conhecem muito pouco sobre a biodiversidade do litoral alagoano. Esse trabalho objetivou investigar os conhecimentos prévios dos alunos do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola no interior de Alagoas sobre ambiente marinho, mais precisamente sobre animais marinhos. Optou-se por trabalhar com alunos do 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública da cidade de Santana do Ipanema, região do sertão de Alagoas. Esse trabalho teve como base a pesquisa de campo, na qual foram aplicados questionários contendo 10 perguntas objetivas e duas perguntas abertas. Posteriormente, foi utilizada a técnica da tempestade de ideias, onde optou-se pela forma de um mapa mental, utilizando como conceito central o ambiente marinho. Os resultados demonstraram que os alunos possuíam conhecimento prévio sobre o conteúdo de zoologia marinha e conseguiram caracterizar o ambiente marinho, com base em informações obtidas principalmente através dos meios de comunicação como a televisão e a internet.

The aim of this study was to analyze the perspective of guests in a lodging facility related to the environmental aspects of the activity, especially about solid waste, and also to determine how far these aspects influence the decision making regarding the choice of hotel.The case study was conducted in a hotel focused on business tourism, located in Pelotas, southern Brazil. Questionnaires were available for guests at check-in, offering the option to participate in the research. Out of 240 questionnaires handed, 120 returned answered (n=96). Although the majority of guests who answered (99.2%) consider the development of environmental practices in this business relevant, only 43.3% observe this factor and make it determinative to choose a lodging facility. Furthermore, a large portion (14.2%) did not know about sustainability actions practiced by the enterprise in which they were staying. A lack of knowledge about solid waste and its handling by most guests was observed, and this m...

The article addresses the concept of landscape identity consi-dered from a new perspective – a perspective of five fundamen-tal human senses: sight, hearing, smell, touch and taste. Land-scape identity is mostly understood as a phenomenon based on its distinguishable visual characteristics. However, human environ-ment is a multisensory medium, rich in information from all fields of perception. Equally, a man is a multisensory being and expe-riences his environment with multiple senses. The underlying assumption is that human identification with places does not only arise from the interaction with their visual, but also with their auditory, olfactory, tactile, and even gustatory properties. As a research area, the Dalmatia region in Croatia has been chosen. By the content analysis method, applied on samples of lyric po-ems and promotional (mostly tourist) materials, the aim was to examine what features, visual and non-visual, the social concep-tion of Dalmatian landscape is based on....

Evidence suggests that architects as a group cannot predict the public's aesthetic evaluations of architecture. In this study, practicing architects predicted laypersons' responses to large contemporary building, and again these predictions were poorly correlated with ratings by laypersons, although some architects' predictions were better than others, and architects were able to predict accurately that lay ratings in general would be more favourable than their own. To understand why most architects are unable to predict reactions to particular buildings, the architects' predictions were analysed in relation to their own and lay ratings of the buildings' conceptual properties. The results suggest that architects are unable to exchange their own criteria for conceptual properties for those of laypersons when they predict public evaluations, which leads to self-anchored, inaccurate predictions. This was supported by showing that the best-predicting architects related their evaluations to buildings' conceptual properties in a manner similar to that of the laypersons. Implications for design are suggested.

The Habitats Directive establishes that Member States must apply the necessary measures to maintain and/or restore a favourable conservation status for habitat types & species of community interest. To monitoring this process, Article 17 requires Member States to report on a regular basis, to the European Commission and to all European citizens, on the progress of implementing this Directive. Therefore, every six years, all countries must produce a monitoring report assessing on species and habitats conservation status throughout their territory, both in and outside the Natura 2000 network. In Portugal, three national reports under Article 17 have been completed for the periods 2001-2006, 2007-2012 and 2013-2018. These reports include, for each biogeographic region, an assessment of the conservation status of each target value. For habitats, this goal was achieved analysing separately a set of specific parameters: Range, Area, Structure/Function and Future Perspectives. In this conf...

Die „Erfahrungen an der Grenze“, die sechs Beipiele, die Sie jetzt gleich hören werden, beleuchten alle diese schillernde Grenze der Wahrnehmung. An dieser Grenze entscheidet sich viel, jeweils aufs Neue. Es entscheidet sich, ob wir einen Zugang zu anderen Welten und zu anderen Wesen finden oder ob wir abgetrennt bleiben. Es entscheidet sich, worum es sich in der Erfahrung handelt, ist es eine bloße Sache oder mehr als das, etwas Wesenhaftes, etwas Unverstandenes oder etwas ganz anderes. Es entscheidet sich, ob wir eine Verbindung erleben und möglicherweise dankbar sind oder anklagend oder bittend. Kurz, an dieser Grenze entscheidet sich die Art der Beziehung und die A f f e k t i o n, in die wir in der Erfahrung geraten. Mit diesen unterschiedlichen Beziehungen ändert sich auch die Stimmung, die die Welt mit dem, was wir in ihr finden, in ein anderes Licht taucht. Alle sechs Erfahrungen an der Grenze handeln auf ihre Weise von einem solchen „Finden in allen Dingen“.

Schamane spielen ist Götter anrufen, über die sie im Buch gelesen haben, Zauberpülverchen ins Feuer werfen und worüber ich immer lachen muss ist, wenn die Leute Himmelsrichtungen anrufen und es ist nicht genau der Osten, wenn sie im Süden stehen. Also das geht nicht. […] Ich hab am Anfang auch sehr viel mit diesem Feuerpulver gemacht, sag ich mal, und dann hatte ich meine Pülverchen und dies und das und auf einmal kam Qualm und so hab ich Feuer gemacht und das war natürlich ein guter Effekt fürs Publikum, war aber nicht der Schritt zum Schamanismus, den ich per Buch immer weiter verfolgt habe und irgendwann diesem Pulver auch abgesagt habe und mich dann wirklich an eine Trommel begeben habe und mich dann mit dieser Sache ganz anders befasst habe. […] Ich hab auf irgend so einem Platz einen Baum, in dem eine Öffnung ist, und geh unter die Wurzel. Das hört sich blöd an. Ein Schamane, wenn der in diese Trancezustände kommen will und in die Anderswelt gehen will, der kann sogar durch ein Schlüsselloch gehen, seelisch gesehen. Und bei der Oberwelt ist es meistens so, was mir immer widerfährt, ich werde von einem Vogel abgeholt. Und werde dann dahin gebracht, wo ich hin möchte.«* *Interview mit dem Schamanen des ›Clan der freien Mongolen‹ der Kölner Stämme, Juni 2008.

Science teaching can be carried out in different ways, but practical activities make the teaching more meaningful and effective trough the involvement of the students with the subject. Environmental education which is part of the Science subject in the elementary school has been seen as a way to improve life quality, changing the students' values and attitudes towards the environment. Public squares are the appropriated setting to develop methodology in environmental education because one can treat the subject in an interdisciplinary way (involving historical, natural and political aspects). There the students immediately apply the recently acquired knowledge in the preservation and care of historical buildings of their town. The activities carried out, both in school and at the square, were related to the perception of the environment and identification of problems and solutions, aiming to build responsibilities and civic awareness. The research was carried out at Isabel Arruda square, involving 41 students from the 6 th grade of an elementary school from 09/11 to 10/04/2001.

Os novos problemas relacionados a riscos e ao meio ambiente têm aspectos comuns que os distinguem dos problemas científicos tradicionais: os fatos são incertos, os valores, controvertidos, as apostas, elevadas e as decisões, urgentes. Chamamos de ciência pós-normal a estratégia de resolução de problemas adequada a esse contexto. A função essencial de controle de qualidade e avaliação crítica não pode mais ser desempenhada por um corpo restrito de especialistas. O diálogo sobre a qualidade e a formulação de políticas devem ser estendidos a todos os afetados pela questão, que formam o que chamamos de &#39;comunidade ampliada dos pares&quot;.

Disciplinas como a historia ambiental, a ecologia historica e a geografia ja pressupoem que nao existem areas naturais livres da interferencia humana. Atraves do decorrer do tempo, os diferentes grupamentos humanos, de acordo com a sua organizacao social e cosmovisao, se relacionaram de diferentes formas com a natureza do entorno, modificando as feicoes do ambiente a sua volta, produzindo marcas, muitas atuantes ate os dias de hoje na configuracao da paisagem. A America Tropical, em especial a America do Sul, possuia savanas que apresentavam dominância de capins nativos, mas que nao suportaram o pastoreio de mamiferos ungulados. Assim, diversas gramineas de metabolismo C4 originarias da Africa foram trazidas para dar suporte a atividade pecuaria neste continente. No Brasil, os colonizadores trouxeram o capim-gordura (Melinis minutiflora P. beauv.) para auxiliar na alimentacao do gado e possibilitar sua criacao sendo empregada esta especie preferencialmente pelos fazendeiros por cont...

Qualifica??o de servidor do IFPBUm dos desafios da a??o docente ? a supera??o das abordagens tradicionais de ensino, pela ado??o de metodologias que promovam uma aprendizagem ativa, na qual o estudante protagonize expressando suas percep??es e argumentos com atitudes efetivas, durante o processo de produ??o de seus conhecimentos. O estudo teve por objetivo desenvolver saberes ecol?gicos voltados aos impactos ambientais numa abordagem de Ci?ncia, Tecnologia, Sociedade e Ambiente (CTSA). Nesta perspectiva buscou-se compreender a seguinte quest?o de interesse: Como o uso da Metodologia da Problematiza??o pelo Arco de Maguerez pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de compet?ncias e habilidades na aprendizagem de conhecimentos ecol?gicos? Esta pesquisa teve car?ter qualitativo e foi realizado em uma escola estadual de ensino m?dio, na cidade de Jo?o Pessoa-PB, especificamente numa turma da 3? s?rie do Ensino M?dio. Como estrat?gia de investiga??o foi adotada a pesquisa explorat?ria e pa...

A presente obra, realiza uma análise inicial dos SE nos mangais de Benguela, e especificamente no Município do Lobito. Em concreto, visa mapear os sistemas de mangal, assim como identificar e quantificar SE, identificar ameaças e analisar as perceções das populações locais sobre os temas mencionados previamente. Através de uma revisão bibliográfica, procurou-se elaborar uma lista de ameaças e SE, identificados como importantes em zonas de mangal. Esta lista serviu de base à comparação com os resultados obtidos em questionários, aplicados presencialmente nas populações locais, e em observação directa durante o trabalho de campo. Os resultados da revisão bibliográfica indicaram um elevado número de serviços identificados para sistema de mangal, apesar de só ser possível encontrar registos de quantificação dos SE para alguns deles. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, as populações locais mostraram uma grande dificuldade na identificação de um ecossistema de mangal, não conseguindo muitas vezes perceber o que o define e quais os seus limites.