Elder Abuse

Background and objective: Abuse and pain complaints are common among older persons. However, little is known about relationships between abuse (e.g. psychological) and pain complaints (e.g. backache) among older persons while considering other factors (e.g. depression). Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine these relationships. The design was cross-sectional. A total of 4467 women and men aged 60-84 years from Germany, Greece, Italy, Lithuania, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden answered questionnaires regarding various areas such as abuse, mental health (e.g. anxiety) and pain complaints (e.g. backache). The data were examined with bivariate (analyses of variance) and multivariate methods (linear regressions). The bivariate analyses showed that psychological abuse was connected with all pain complaints; physical with headache and head pressure; sexual with neck or shoulder pain and headache; injury with all complaints (except pain in joints or limbs); financial with pain in joints or limbs and head pressure; and overall abuse (one or more types) with all complaints (except headache). The regressions showed that psychological abuse increased Peer review under the responsibility of the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences.

Old age was never seen as a problem in India. But recently ageing issues have begun to emerge as a case of social concern. Demographic, socio-economic and structural challenges are also taking place within the family institutes. India is now facing a unique situation in providing care for the elderly section and old age homes is one of alternate care facilities. Thus studying elderly in old age homes has become a significant area of social research. The study examined the socioeconomic profile of elderly who are living in four old age homes in Manipur, India. It also probes into the factors that have compelled the elderly to stay in these institutions. The present paper is based on the study conducted in different old age homes of Manipur by taking a sample of 69 institutionalized elderly. The study revealed that most of the elderly in the old age homes were from rural background, illiterate, widowed and are economically dependent on others with female residents far more the males. The most common reasons for shifting to old age homes were verbal abuse of daughter in law, financial constraints, verbal abuse of son, nobody to look after, physical abuse, tarnishing self-respect, health issues and many more. Majority of the respondents are satisfied with the facilities provided by the institute.

Elder abuse is generally understood in terms of the types of abuse that older people can be subjected to – financial, physical, psychological, sexual, and neglect. However, these definitions often fail to take into account the broader social context in which elder abuse is allowed to occur. Older people are rarely asked about what elder abuse means to them but when they are, they define it in societal terms – social exclusion, the belittling of their views and contribution, and violation of their rights. An effective approach to elder abuse requires intervention at a societal level to combat ageism and age discrimination.

This study explored mock juror perceptions of elder sexual mistreatment (ESM). In Experiment 1, 118 participants read a fictional criminal trial summary of an ESM case in which a 76-year-old woman was allegedly abused by either her son or a neighbor. In Experiment 2 (n = 360), the ESM occurred in either a nursing home or the elder's home and the alleged perpetrator was either her son or a nursing home worker. Conviction rates were relatively low in both experiments (25% and 33%, respectively). Women were more pro-prosecution than men in case judgments. Overall, the study provides evidence that mock jurors may question the credibility of elders in ESM cases.

Objectives The experience of losses and the resulting grief are more common in old age. Understanding and recognizing the antecedents and consequences of grief in old age is one of the requirements for the development of psychological interventions for older people. This research aims of explore the experience of Iranian older adults suffered from losses to identify the antecedents and consequences of grief in old age. Methods & Materials This is a qualitative study using the content analysis method with the participation of 16 older people aged 60-85, referring to the elderly day care centers or dwelling in urban parks of Tehran, Iran, who were selected using a purposeful sampling method and after reaching data saturation in semistructured interviews. The data was collected between March to September 2023. Guba and Lincoln's criteria were used to assess the trustworthiness of the data. Results Four categories of grief antecedents were identified: Loss of loved ones, loss of health, retirement, and regret for a life not lived. Also, three categories of grief consequences were extracted: Resilience, health-related problems, and socioeconomic problems. Conclusion Grief in Iranian older adults is caused by different antecedents leading to resilience, healthrelated, and socioeconomic problems. The results of this study can help the geriatric health care providers in Iran to better understand the experience of grief in older adults, and to carry out effective interventions to improve their health.

Background Globally, elder abuse is a common form of violence against the elderly. This study examines the association of disability and functional ability measures with elder abuse in India. Methods Cross-sectional data from the UNFPA’s ‘Building Knowledge Base on Population Ageing in India’ (BKPAI 2011) have been analysed. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses have been used to examine the association of measures of disability and functional ability with elder abuse/mistreatment. Results The overall prevalence of elder abuse in the study population is 11.4%. The prevalence of elder abuse experienced by study participants in the month before the survey is 6%. The prevalence of disability/functional ability increases the likelihood of elder abuse. Furthermore, the association between functional ability and abuse is stronger and consistent among the elderly who experienced abuse in the month preceding the survey. In addition, the association between disability and e...

The article calls for attention to the problem of violence and abuse of the elderly within their family, partnership, and relationships with relatives in the postmodern society. The outcomes of the research, carried out on a sample of the elderly people within different residence settings are presented. Results show that all kinds of violence and abuse are present in all kinds of settings, except in the residence with relatives, where sexual abuse was not noticed. Physical and sexual violence and abuse is mostly present in the households in which the elderly live with their partner, while psychical violence is present in the households with relatives. Material violence and abuse are present in case of elderly people who live alone. Both, men and women, experience most violence and abuse in their flats.

This paper addresses the issue of violence and abuse of older persons which, due to an increased level of public sensitivity and continuing reminders from governmental and non-governmental institutions, is becoming a subject of increased attention. The author focus on domestic violence and abuse and present and describe various ways of prevention from violence and abuse of older persons from the aspects of the legislation, human rights and the role of the Slovenian police.

This paper addresses the issue of violence and abuse of older personswhich, due to an increased level of public sensitivity and continuingreminders from governmental and non-governmental institutions, isbecoming a subject of increased attention. The author focus on domesticviolence and abuse and present and describe various ways ofprevention from violence and abuse of older persons from the aspectsof the legislation, human rights and the role of the Slovenian police.

The article calls for attention to the problem of violence and abuse of the elderly within their family, partnership, and relationships with relatives in the postmodern society. The outcomes of the research, carried out on a sample of the elderly people within different residence settings are presented. Results show that all kinds of violence and abuse are present in all kinds of settings, except in the residence with relatives, where sexual abuse was not noticed. Physical and sexual violence and abuse is mostly present in the households in which the elderly live with their partner, while psychical violence is present in the households with relatives. Material violence and abuse are present in case of elderly people who live alone. Both, men and women, experience most violence and abuse in their flats.

Objetivo: modificar el nivel de conocimiento de los adultos mayores sobre la sexualidad; a fin de evaluar los resultados de dicha intervención. Método: se realizó un estudio de intervención comunitaria con adultos mayores, en la modalidad de escuela, se crearon programas de clases a personas de la tercera edad, pertenecientes al policlínico "Ramón López Peña" de Santiago de Cuba, en el período comprendido entre mayo del 2017 a octubre del mismo año. La muestra quedó constituida por 57 adultos mayores, aplicándose la misma encuesta al inicio y al final del estudio a fin de determinar el grado de adquisición de conocimientos sobre las temáticas impartidas. Resultados: el estudio arrojó un predominio del sexo femenino sobre el masculino en los grupos de edades de 60 a 69 y de 70 a 79 años de edad; se notó un incremento después de la intervención de los conocimientos sobre sexualidad (92,98%), de la realización de ejercicios físicos (91,2%), del envejecimiento (92,99%), entre otros. Conclusiones: la intervención fue eficiente y los adultos mayores aumentaron sus conocimientos sobre este tema.

The document has been prepared within the Care Economy programme implemented by UNDP North Macedonia in partnership with the national stakeholders. The views expressed herein do not necessary reflect the official positions of the United Nations.

Reformation of law is one of the essential requirements to common law countries like India. With the law sanctioned by the state, each individual lives securely. These sanctions must be symmetric in nature and upgrade the participants or people of the state. Likewise, criminal law reform is also part of legal reform, and it guards the fundamental rights of the people, which must be equal among all. on the other hand, there are some loopholes in the sanctions towards some vulnerable people we have, like Women, Children, the elderly, sexual and gender Minorities, etc.This study systematically explore the present victimization rate and how these gender vulnerable are being victim by people of cisgender, and also this study explored the relation between perpetrator & victim, highlighting the major issues which are transgender people are facing, showed the how these gender minority people have their opinion on the Legal framework which are present for their welfare and identied the relation between gender Dysphoria and Victimization rate.

Although numerous studies have measured behaviors among individuals in congregate settings, few have focused on resident-to-resident elder mistreatment (R-REM). To our knowledge, there is no psychometrically developed measure of R-REM extant. The quantitative development of a measure of staff-reported R-REM is described. Methods: The design was a prevalent cohort study of residents of 5 long-term care facilities. The primary certified nursing assistant was interviewed about R-REM. Advanced measurement methods were used to develop a measure of R-REM. Results: The loadings on the general factor for the final 11-item scale were greater than those on the group factor except for the item "other physical behavior" (0.63 vs. 0.74), suggesting essential unidimensionality. Although the bifactor model fit was slightly better than that of the unidimensional model, the difference was trivial (bifactor comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.997, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.013, unidimensional CFI = 0.979, and RMSEA = 0.030). However, modest support was provided for use of verbal and physical subscales. The explained common variance statistics were 0.76 for the bifactor model compared with 0.63 for the unidimensional model. Discussion: The development of this R-REM measure will help to advance the measurement and ultimately evaluation of interventions associated with this important and under recognized problem facing residents in long-term care settings.

ObjectiveElder abuse perpetration by caregivers is well documented, particularly from the perspectives of older persons who are victims of abuse. However, few studies in Nigeria have examined the caregivers’ viewpoints. This study explored the perception about the perpetration of elder abuse perpetration among adults aged 18–59 in Nigeria.DesignUsing a qualitative descriptive approach, this study generated data through four in-depth interviews (IDIs) and eight focus group discussions (FGDs). All IDIs and FGDs were audiorecorded, transcribed coded and analysed thematically with Atlas ti.SettingRural and urban communities in Oyo State, southwest Nigeria.Participants73 purposively selected adults who had provided care for or lived near an older person in southwestern Nigeria.ResultsTypes of elder abuse identified were verbal (grumbling, insulting, snapping and shouting at older persons), physical (shoving and beating an older person) and neglect (refusing to render assistance, cook or ...

The purpose of this study was to identify dimensions of elder mistreatment in Chinese and Korean immigrant communities and to increase sociocultural understanding of such mistreatment by elucidating the complexities of abuse embedded in unique social and cultural contexts. In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 local professionals working primarily in Asian elderly advocacy, and six focus group discussions were conducted involving 60 community members in the San Francisco Bay area. Five dimensions of elder mistreatment were identified: psychological abuse, neglect by a trusted person, financial exploitation, physical abuse, and sexual abuse. In general, fewer Korean community member participants reported having observed physical or financial abuse than Chinese groups, but they reported greater knowledge of situations involving psychological abuse, neglect by a trusted person, and sexual abuse. The contexts of cultural influences and immigration and acculturation were salient themes that shaped participants' subjective perceptions and beliefs about elder abuse and hence help-seeking behaviors.

Currently, the most important thing for a young person is to be part of "something", belong to society, be active, competent, keep oneself. The person can set goals to be reached. Education can be one of the goals. Even pedagogy seeks targets to be reached. The general objectives of education represent the norms of social activities. Society determines what should be taught. However, it is not related only to education but also to other scientific disciplines. The article deals with educational goals, their definition, history and development as well as the normative approach -a subject of qualitative research. The research was carried out in the form of discourse analysis and comparative analysis as a method and refers to the classification of educational goals in the Czech and Slovak pedagogy as a result of the analyses. It also introduces taxonomy of educational goals.

This article aims to map existing prevalence research on abuse and neglect of older people and to provide a critical overview of existing methodologies, which have been adopted to survey the prevalence rates of abuse against elders. This article is part of the prevalence study of Abuse and Violence against Older Women (AVOW) study, which was conducted in five European countries (Austria, Belgium, Finland, Lithuania, and Portugal). The article provides an overview of the state of the art of prevalence data, survey designs and methods, instruments and results in Europe. Therefore, this draws on an extensive literature search and qualitative content analysis, which was conducted as an early part of the AVOW study. Results indicate that some EU countries have a rich history of prevalence research, whereas other countries have just begun to tackle this aspect of research on of elder abuse. One of the lacunae concerns reliable numbers on the prevalence rates of elder abuse. Research about where, when and how often elder abuse occurs, is inadequate and inconsistent. Data in some cases are based on professionals' reports rather than on information from older people themselves. Surveying elders about such a sensitive topic, however, implies the need for an adequate research instrument (questionnaire) and research design, and an adapted data collection method. In conclusion, substantial attention is paid to outlining possible guidelines for future research.

Tato práce se zaměřuje na zlepšení postavení učitele a jeho vliv na kvalitu životního stylu a relaxaci. Učitelé jsou klíčovými činiteli ve vzdělávacím systému a mají významný dopad na životy svých studentů. Bohužel, ve společnosti často nedostává tomuto povolání uznání a prestiž, kterou by si jistě náležitě zasloužilo. Tento článek se zabývá možnostmi, jak zlepšit postavení učitele a jaký vliv by to mělo na jejich kvalitu

The purpose of study was to explore changes in implemented of APS programs in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This three-phase study began with telephone interviews with eight state-level APS administrators of early phase “hot-spots” that were used to inform questions for the Phase II national survey of state APS programs. Forty-seven states completed an on-line survey on the effects of the pandemic on work and workload, policy and practice, staff, partnerships, and preparedness. Phase III interviews with 7 local APS programs provided an “on-the-ground” view of challenges of meeting clients’ needs. Although most APS programs reported fewer reports of adult maltreatment than before the pandemic, the stress and disruption of COVID-19 required new work arrangements, to which programs adapted technological and managerial support to care for the needs of both APS staff and the clients they served. Finding provide insight for policy and planning requirements for future catastrophic eve...

This paper aims at presenting findings of the research that aimed at exploring the frequency of abuse targeting older persons, frequency of individual types of elder abuse, as well as the frequency of elder abuse targeting two different types of older persons. The research took place in 2016 in 9 Serbian municipalities and was designed as a cross-section study. It was conducted on a sample of 616 older persons of whom 58.1% (358) are socially less active and have some kind of support in daily life activities and 41.9% (258) are active in their communities and are socially included. The starting assumption of the research is that the frequency of elder abuse is more often in socially excluded persons than it is in socially included and more active ones. The research confirmed the correlation between the level of social activity and the risk of elder abuse and this correlation can be clearly explained by exploring other protective factors and risk factors such as income and education ...

This paper explores coproduction of social reality and data in long-term care settings, with emphases on the influences that residents primarily, and also care staff, researchers, and health care policy, have on coproduction processes. First, tenets of sociological theory regarding the social construction of reality and world-producing capacities of human beings are described and applied to examples of everyday life and work in long-term care. Second, through in-depth examples from myriad research processes in long-term care (including survey research, qualitative interviews, participatory action research), specific instances of coproduction are noted, with emphasis on roles of residents, care staff, researchers, and facility policies in coproduction. Finally, conclusions draw attention to the influences of ageism, age segregation, and power hierarchies on coproduction in longterm care. Suggestions for additional research are outlined.

Keywords 'oral, dental, health, care, hygiene, dental, prosthesis, denture, tooth brushing, stroke, cerebrovascular and cardiovascular' and combinations of these words were searched in a large number of health databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, MEDLINE and others). Studies involving at least one subject for oral health in stroke patients were included in the review. Current approaches and standards were investigated. The fact that the populations examined in the studies contain any of the ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke were deemed sufficient to be involved in our study. The references of the articles included in order to determine the articles that may have been overlooked were searched, too.

Reported cases of elder abuse are increasing throughout the United States. At the same time, identification of elder abuse issues by courts is considered "fair" or "poor." To address the increased numbers of reported cases-particularly those where the victim is in an ongoing, trusted relationship with his or her perpetrator-the justice system must develop a concerted approach to resolving elder abuse cases. Along with the identification of the various forms and definitions of elder abuse, the courts face numerous challenges including the lack of reliable data and research on this form of abuse; the lack of laws, legal precedent, or appropriate remedies in elder abuse cases; complex evidentiary challenges; issues of victim capacity and victim choice, as well as assumptions about age and aging, limited resources, and the lack of a coordinated community response to elder abuse.j fcj_1048 57..76 Michael and Mary Mellman 1 have been married for 52 years. Mrs. Mellman is 70 and in good health. Mr. Mellman is 73, uses a wheelchair, and has AIDS. Their neighbors called Adult Protective Services (APS) and reported that Mr. Mellman was bathing in the yard in 50-degree weather. An APS social worker investigated and found that Mr. Mellman was malnourished and "lived" in a small washroom that had no windows and no bed. The room was filthy and unsanitary. Mr. Mellman had been without his medications for some time. APS also determined that the majority of Mr. Mellman's retirement check was being used by Mrs. Mellman.

ABSTRACTReported cases of elder abuse are increasing throughout the United States. At the same time, identification of elder abuse issues by courts is considered “fair” or “poor.” To address the increased numbers of reported cases—particularly those where the victim is in an ongoing, trusted relationship with his or her perpetrator—the justice system must develop a concerted approach to resolving elder abuse cases. Along with the identification of the various forms and definitions of elder abuse, the courts face numerous challenges including the lack of reliable data and research on this form of abuse; the lack of laws, legal precedent, or appropriate remedies in elder abuse cases; complex evidentiary challenges; issues of victim capacity and victim choice, as well as assumptions about age and aging, limited resources, and the lack of a coordinated community response to elder abuse.

Violence against women, particularly intimate partner violence, is a global issue and a violation of women's human rights. The aim of this study was to compare levels of hope and psychological flexibility in women with and without experiences of domestic violence. This research employed a causal-comparative design. The statistical population included all women in Ardabil County who had experienced domestic violence by their spouse, as well as women who had not reported any such violence. From this population, a convenience sample of 100 participants (50 in each group) was selected. Participants were assessed using Snyder's Hope Scale (2000) and the Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire by Dennis and Vander Wal (2010). Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis of variance (ANOVA and MANOVA) via SPSS version 20. The findings revealed a significant difference in components of hope and psychological flexibility between women who had experienced domestic violence and those who had not (P = 0.01). These results suggest that to reduce the prevalence of domestic violence and manage the associated physical, psychological, and social consequences, preventive measures can be implemented through the assessment of psychological constructs such as hope and psychological flexibility, and by identifying women at risk of violence.

Violence against women, particularly intimate partner violence, is a global issue and a violation of women's human rights. The aim of this study was to compare levels of hope and psychological flexibility in women with and without experiences of domestic violence. This research employed a causal-comparative design. The statistical population included all women in Ardabil County who had experienced domestic violence by their spouse, as well as women who had not reported any such violence. From this population, a convenience sample of 100 participants (50 in each group) was selected. Participants were assessed using Snyder's Hope Scale (2000) and the Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire by Dennis and Vander Wal (2010). Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis of variance (ANOVA and MANOVA) via SPSS version 20. The findings revealed a significant difference in components of hope and psychological flexibility between women who had experienced domestic violence and those who had not (P = 0.01). These results suggest that to reduce the prevalence of domestic violence and manage the associated physical, psychological, and social consequences, preventive measures can be implemented through the assessment of psychological constructs such as hope and psychological flexibility, and by identifying women at risk of violence.

Artificial Intelligence was programmed to review my report 'Compliance or Democracy' which was submitted to the Senate Jobactive Inquiry.  I felt to review AI as I know my report better than anyone.  What I discovered is what I already knew - AI is not intelligent it is just a robot - It can be programmed to use words in a way that appear authoritative and learned, but at the end of the day it does not read but scans, it does not read between the lines but looks for literal truths, it cannot understand the reality of inequality it can only look for data on it.  It cannot connect to the highest intelligence which resides in the felt and inspired experience which motivates humans to communicate, not for influence, but to share understanding for the betterment of the human condition.

Submissão: 14-04-2011 Aprovação: 22-01-2013 RESUMO O estudo objetivou identifi car, a partir de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, o conhecimento científi co produzido entre 2005 e 2009, sobre maus-tratos contra idosos. Para tal, foram selecionados dezesseis estudos nos bancos LILACS e SciELO e na base BDENF. Dentre os dezesseis estudos, 56,25% compreendiam artigos originais. O periódico que mais publicou foi o Caderno de Saúde Pública (25%), sendo a maioria dos estudos desenvolvidos no Sudeste (56,25%). O levantamento revelou que a violência física foi predominante entre os idosos, sendo o domicílio o ambiente onde frequentemente ocorre a agressão, sendo os familiares os principais agressores. Entre os idosos agredidos, observou-se que as mulheres são as vítimas mais acometidas. Esses achados suscitam o desenvolvimento de outras pesquisas que possam clarifi car as múltiplas dimensões da violência contra o idoso.

Purpose Most abuse affecting older adults in the UK, as across Europe, takes place within caring relationships, where one person is disabled and needs care/support. This paper critically appraises two of the key theoretical explanations. First, feminist theories of “intimate partner abuse” tell us that it is mostly men who perpetrate abuse against women. Second, “carer strain”: the stress caused by caring responsibilities, often with inadequate help from services. Neither fully reflects the complex dynamics of “dangerous care” leading to a lack of voice and choice in safeguarding responses. This paper aims to articulate the need for an overarching theoretical framework, informed by a deeper understanding of the intersectional risk factors that create and compound the diverse experiences of harm by disabled people and family carers over the life course. Design/methodology/approach The critical synthesis of the theoretical approaches informing UK policy and practice presented here ari...

According to the linguist Chomsky, human language is the result not of a gradual Darwinian-type genetic evolution, but of a rapid conversion of the existing brain to a new use. I accept this hypothesis of Chomsky's, and suppose that it implied the formation of a linguistic, and therefore digital, brain alongside and in opposition to the preceding analogical brain. This opposition consisted of deflecting and even blocking ancient instincts, and the consequence was that two different strategies now shared the same organism: the ancient instinct and the emerging culture. This required a centre of coordination, which much later would be called the mind. This innovation, the doubling of the brain, was a success, separating humans from the animal world and making them Luciferian creatures. It was indeed too successful: the Greeks called it "Hybris", which imposes a painful process of rebalancing, as in the tragedies of the Fifth Century BC in Athens.

This article aims to map existing prevalence research on abuse and neglect of older people and to provide a critical overview of existing methodologies, which have been adopted to survey the prevalence rates of abuse against elders. This article is part of the prevalence study of Abuse and Violence against Older Women (AVOW) study, which was conducted in five European countries (Austria, Belgium, Finland, Lithuania, and Portugal). The article provides an overview of the state of the art of prevalence data, survey designs and methods, instruments and results in Europe. Therefore, this draws on an extensive literature search and qualitative content analysis, which was conducted as an early part of the AVOW study. Results indicate that some EU countries have a rich history of prevalence research, whereas other countries have just begun to tackle this aspect of research on of elder abuse. One of the lacunae concerns reliable numbers on the prevalence rates of elder abuse. Research about where, when and how often elder abuse occurs, is inadequate and inconsistent. Data in some cases are based on professionals' reports rather than on information from older people themselves. Surveying elders about such a sensitive topic, however, implies the need for an adequate research instrument (questionnaire) and research design, and an adapted data collection method. In conclusion, substantial attention is paid to outlining possible guidelines for future research.

The present paper pretends to identify, describe and compare the prevalence studies of elder abuse and neglect developed in Israel. The research method used international databases and specific keywords to develop the research. Results show the dominance of communitarian setting in elderly abuse and neglect studies and a comprehensive approach to specific populations (Arab-Israeli, Jewish). The results indicate lower levels of prevalence of abuse and neglect (2.5% and 0.5%) when local sample are considered, whereas when the national survey is taken into account, higher prevalence indices of abuse (18%) and even higher of neglect (26%) can be observed. Emotional / psychological abuses, followed by neglect, were the prevalent forms of abuse. All instruments employed were purposely designed for the different studies through research of international literature. In conclusion, several characteristics of the abused elders and perpetrators do encountered what has been found in other developed countries revealing that family is probably the primary setting where elderly abuse and neglect takes place.

Objective: to reflect on the main changes that might facilitate the occurrence of falls, as well as on the main consequences of falls in elderly people and the work of the nursing professional. Method: this is a descriptive study, reflexive analysis type, developed through consultations to books, dissertations and papers published in scientific journals on the database LILACS and in the virtual library SCIELO), by using the descriptors: 'Accidents by falls', 'Elderly' and 'Nursing'. The considered inclusion criteria were: online available works in their full versions, in Portuguese and English languages, published between the years 2007 and 2012. The treatment of data took place by means of discursive textual analysis. Results: Three categories were developed << Changes related to aging that might facilitate falls in elderly people>>, << Main consequences of falls in elderly people >> and << Work of the nursing professional in preventing falls at home >>. Conclusion: there is a need to develop intervention strategies with the purpose of modifying the current configuration that propitiates the occurrence of falls in the elderly population. Descriptors: Accidents by Falls; Elderly; Nursing. Objetivo: refletir sobre as principais alterações que podem facilitar a ocorrência de quedas, bem como as principais consequências das quedas em idosos e a atuação do enfermeiro. Método: estudo descritivo, tipo análise reflexiva, desenvolvido a partir da consulta de livros, dissertações e artigos publicados em periódicos científicos na base de dados LILACS e na biblioteca virtual SCIELO, utilizando os descritores: 'Acidentes por quedas', 'Idoso' e 'Enfermagem'. Foram considerados os critérios de inclusão: artigos disponíveis online na íntegra, em língua portuguesa e inglesa, publicados entre 2007 a 2012. O tratamento dos dados ocorreu pela análise textual discursiva. Resultados: emergiram três categorias: <<Alterações relacionadas ao envelhecimento facilitadoras de quedas em idosos >>, << Principais consequências das quedas em idosos>> e <<Atuação do Enfermeiro na prevenção de quedas no domicílio>>. Conclusão: há necessidade de desenvolver estratégias de intervenção com objetivo de modificar a configuração atual que propicia a ocorrência de quedas em idosos. Descritores: Acidentes por Quedas; Idoso; Enfermagem. Objetivo: reflexionar sobre los principales cambios que pueden facilitar la ocurrencia de caídas, y también las principales consecuencias de las caídas en los ancianos y la actuación del enfermero. Método: estudio descriptivo, análisis de tipo reflexiva, desarrollado a partir de la consulta de libros, disertaciones y artículos publicados en revistas científicas en la base de datos Lilacs y en la biblioteca Scielo, utilizando los descriptores: 'Las caídas accidentales', 'Anciano' y 'Enfermero'. Fueron considerados los criterios de inclusión: los artículos disponibles en línea en su totalidad, en lengua portuguesa e inglesa, publicados entre 2007-2012. El tratamiento de datos ocurrió por el análisis textual discursivo. Resultados: emergieron tres categorias: << Alteraciones relacionadas con el envejecimiento facilitadoras de caídas en ancianos; Las principales consecuencias de las caídas en personas de edad avanzada>>; << Actuación del enfermero en la prevención de caídas en el hogar >>. Conclusión: existe la necesidad de desarrollar estrategias de intervención con el fin de modificar la configuración actual que facilita la aparición de caídas en los ancianos.

Objective: to reflect on the main changes that might facilitate the occurrence of falls, as well as on the main consequences of falls in elderly people and the work of the nursing professional. Method: this is a descriptive study, reflexive analysis type, developed through consultations to books, dissertations and papers published in scientific journals on the database LILACS and in the virtual library SCIELO), by using the descriptors: 'Accidents by falls', 'Elderly' and 'Nursing'. The considered inclusion criteria were: online available works in their full versions, in Portuguese and English languages, published between the years 2007 and 2012. The treatment of data took place by means of discursive textual analysis. Results: Three categories were developed << Changes related to aging that might facilitate falls in elderly people>>, << Main consequences of falls in elderly people >> and << Work of the nursing professional in preventing falls at home >>. Conclusion: there is a need to develop intervention strategies with the purpose of modifying the current configuration that propitiates the occurrence of falls in the elderly population. Descriptors: Accidents by Falls; Elderly; Nursing. Objetivo: refletir sobre as principais alterações que podem facilitar a ocorrência de quedas, bem como as principais consequências das quedas em idosos e a atuação do enfermeiro. Método: estudo descritivo, tipo análise reflexiva, desenvolvido a partir da consulta de livros, dissertações e artigos publicados em periódicos científicos na base de dados LILACS e na biblioteca virtual SCIELO, utilizando os descritores: 'Acidentes por quedas', 'Idoso' e 'Enfermagem'. Foram considerados os critérios de inclusão: artigos disponíveis online na íntegra, em língua portuguesa e inglesa, publicados entre 2007 a 2012. O tratamento dos dados ocorreu pela análise textual discursiva. Resultados: emergiram três categorias: <<Alterações relacionadas ao envelhecimento facilitadoras de quedas em idosos >>, << Principais consequências das quedas em idosos>> e <<Atuação do Enfermeiro na prevenção de quedas no domicílio>>. Conclusão: há necessidade de desenvolver estratégias de intervenção com objetivo de modificar a configuração atual que propicia a ocorrência de quedas em idosos. Descritores: Acidentes por Quedas; Idoso; Enfermagem. Objetivo: reflexionar sobre los principales cambios que pueden facilitar la ocurrencia de caídas, y también las principales consecuencias de las caídas en los ancianos y la actuación del enfermero. Método: estudio descriptivo, análisis de tipo reflexiva, desarrollado a partir de la consulta de libros, disertaciones y artículos publicados en revistas científicas en la base de datos Lilacs y en la biblioteca Scielo, utilizando los descriptores: 'Las caídas accidentales', 'Anciano' y 'Enfermero'. Fueron considerados los criterios de inclusión: los artículos disponibles en línea en su totalidad, en lengua portuguesa e inglesa, publicados entre 2007-2012. El tratamiento de datos ocurrió por el análisis textual discursivo. Resultados: emergieron tres categorias: << Alteraciones relacionadas con el envejecimiento facilitadoras de caídas en ancianos; Las principales consecuencias de las caídas en personas de edad avanzada>>; << Actuación del enfermero en la prevención de caídas en el hogar >>. Conclusión: existe la necesidad de desarrollar estrategias de intervención con el fin de modificar la configuración actual que facilita la aparición de caídas en los ancianos.

ABSTRACT
The rapid increase in the global elderly population has made the social problems faced by older
individuals more visible. Among these problems, elder abuse stands out as not merely an individual
form of victimization, but as a serious public health issue with multidimensional impacts on health, justice, and social service systems. This review aims to examine the risk factors associated with elder
abuse—particularly within the family context—from a multidimensional perspective, based on current
literature. The study emphasizes that the most common perpetrators of elder abuse are close family
members such as children, spouses, and grandchildren. It reveals that power imbalances in caregiving
relationships, caregiver burnout, and emotional dependency are among the major dynamics fueling
abuse. Additionally, it highlights the facilitating role of societal norms, ageism, economic dependency,
cultural values, and the inadequacy of social support systems. In the context of Turkey, emotional and
financial abuse appear to be more prevalent, often remaining hidden due to the sanctification of
caregiving roles and lack of questioning of family dynamics. This review emphasizes that elder abuse
should be addressed not only at the level of interpersonal relationships, but also within the broader
context of structural factors such as gender inequality, gaps in social policy, perceptions of aging, and
transformations in family structure. The study presents comparative examples from Turkey and other
countries, aiming to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the issue by evaluating current
findings in the literature and examining the relationship from multiple dimensions.
Keywords: Elder abuse, domestic violence, caregiver, ageism, risk factors, social norms.

This article is aimed at adding new knowledge to the existing literature on how previous life styles can lead to neglect in old age using the perceptions and conceptions of community leaders in rural and urban Zambia. The article which is based on qualitative data collected from community leaders in Zambia involved in addressing problems of elder abuse argues that previous life styles are playing a part in the neglect of some elder people in rural and urban Zambia. The specific previous life styles which are leading to their neglect include devaluing of the family members and failure to invest in private social protection during their days of productivity. Solutions on how to prevent neglect in old age have also been suggested using the perceptions and conceptions of community leaders in Zambia. The article further argues that since the world is moving towards population ageing and given the fact that neglect of elder people is a global problem, the revelations made in this article ...

This work was made possible by the assistance and cooperation I received from various people. In light of this, I would like to extend special and sincere thanks to my supervisors, Prof. Merja Laitinen and Prof. Marjaana Seppanen for the guidance throughout my studies. This final product was made possible with their patient guidance and tireless efforts. They were so nice to me through out my academic journey. I thank you with my whole heart! Please keep afloat the excellent academic spirits and may God richly bless you for the wonderful support given to me! I am also thankful indeed to the pre-examiners -Prof.

The purpose of this article is to explore the negative consequences of physical abuse of elder people on the perpetrators by using the perceptions and conceptions of community leaders in rural and urban Zambia. On the basis of the qualitative research with community leaders involved in addressing the problem of elder abuse in Zambia, it is evident that physical abuse of elder people has serious negative consequences on perpetrators. These include arrests, fine, imprisonment, stigma, leaving the community and negative psychological effects such as fear. Since social gerontologists, social workers and public health workers are among the main frontline workers in addressing the problem of elder abuse, this article argues that these revelations have serious implications on social gerontology, social work and public health education, practice and research as well as on future research with regard to the global phenomenon of physical abuse of elder people. This is because the revelations ...

This article is aimed at bringing out the relevancy of postmodernism in understanding the phenomenon of elder abuse. The article which is based on review of the available literature on postmodernism and elder abuse argues that postmodernism is an eye opener in understanding elder abuse. It relevancy in understanding elder abuse rises in its beliefs of recognition of multiplicity, complexity, dynamism, context specificity and having grounded knowledge about any social phenomenon. The article argues further that such relevancy has significant implications on frontline workers like social workers who deal with elder abuse situations. Limitations of postmodernism with regard to understanding elder abuse are also provided.

Elder abuse, elder neglect, types of elder abuse, elder abuse prevention ÖZET Yaşlılar dünya popülasyonunun en hızlı artan bölümüdür. 2020 yılına kadar tüm popülasyonun % 22'sinin 65 yaş üzerinde olacağı tahmin edilmektedir. Yaşlı istismarı her yıl yaşlıların büyük çoğunluğunu etkileyen ciddi ve kompleks bir sağlık konusu olarak tanınmaktadır. Eş ve çocuk istismarı yıllardır tanınmasına rağmen, yaşlı istismarı son 25 yıldır dikkati çeken bir fenomendir. Yaşlıların yaklaşık olarak %3-4'ü, yaşlı istismarı ve ihmalinin kurbanıdır. Sağlık bakım profesyonelleri-özellikle hemşireler-yaşlı istismarını ortaya çıkarma, yönetme ve önlemede anahtar bir role sahiptir. Bu makalenin amacı; yaşlı istismarı risk faktörleri ve istismarının önlenmesi konusunda bilgi vermektir.

The aim of this study was to explore older people's understanding of elderly abuse; the reasons for such act and the impact on their feelings and physical well-being. A total of 18 elderly persons (13 females and 5 males) were purposively selected and have participated in the discussion. There were two mixed groups of both males and females. The first group consisted of 6 females and 3 males. Participants were between the age of 65 and 72. The second group consisted of 7 females and 2 males. The main data source consisted of in-depth interviews through focus group discussions and one-on-one interview with the investigator and informants as co-participants. The study confirms the theoretical statement that perceptions on the abuses experienced by the elderly are basically governed by their respective sociocultural experiences from their younger years. Majority of the participants defined and categorized elderly abuse based on identified experiences and grounded on their cultural background. What is classified as elderly abuse for some may not hold true for others. The belief of the majority is that abuse is composed of any action that diminishes the respect and dignity duly given to an elderly person. Consequently, the study validates one of the assertions of the Elderly Caregiver Attachment Theory that elderly may experience different types and degree of abuse depending on their perceptions on elderly abuse, living condition, level of powerlessness, and dependence.