Critical theory and social justice

Background: Oil spillage is a global issue that has been occurring since the discovery of crude oil, which was part of the
industrial revolution. The volume of oil spillage in the ocean, sea, river through human activities is estimated to range from
0.7 – 1.7 million tons per year in Niger Delta region. This study assessed the attitude towards oil spillage among fishermen
in Biseni community of Bayelsa State. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Biseni
community of Yenagoa LGA. Three hundred and fifty-eight respondents were selected from the community using systemic
random sampling technique. A semi- structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data
entry was carried out using SPSS version 16. Results: Three hundred and thirty-eight (94.4%) of the respondents identified
corrosion due to soil factors as a major cause of oil spillage, 84.1% attributed oil spillage to unemployment, 86.3% sabotage
by surveillances contractors and 85.2% by pipeline vandalism as factors responsible for oil spillage. Majority of the
respondents (98.0%) identified water pollution as the major effect of oil spillage on aquatic life. Three hundred and fortyseven (96.9%) of the respondents identified health problem and mainly skin rash (32.0%) as the major effect of oil spillage
on fishermen while other effect include reduction in income (95.5%). Perceived justification of respondents for oil spillage
include unemployment (91.9%), increasing the rate of kidnapping (79.6%), lack of compensation (80.4%), relocation
(35.8%), driving people away from their original settlement (91.9%) and buying of water for drinking and domestic uses
(70.4%). Conclusion: Biseni community has experienced serious degradation due to oil exploitation and exploration
activities that has resulted in oil spillage. Oil spillage has caused displacement of people, involuntary migration, destruction
of wildlife and biodiversity, loss of fertile soil, Pollution of drinking water, degradation of farmland and damage to aquatic
lives, all of which have caused serious health problems to the fishermen. It was also confirmed from the respondents that
they were not compensated for the damage of their farms and water for fishing.
Keywords: Understanding, Attitude, Fishermen, Bayelsa.

Nigeria's economy depends heavily on the Niger Delta, however it faces many difficulties. Conflict and societal instability have been exacerbated by environmental deterioration brought on by oil exploitation. This essay investigates how Christian environmental ethics could support regional efforts to promote peace. The framework looks at how environmental practices and community involvement might be influenced by Christian teachings on stewardship, justice, and care for creation. The examination looks at how these ideas might be used to solve problems with sustainable development, pollution management, and resource allocation. A basis for communication, rapprochement, and long-lasting peace in the Niger Delta can be provided by Christian environmental ethics, which encourage responsible environmental management and a sense of shared responsibility for the ecology.

Five academics explore their performed occupations of the National Art Education Association Annual Meetings. They have annually mounted Big Gay Church (BGC) services that deconstruct and question the ways visual culture, media representations, scriptural interpretations, and religious teaching have constructed (at times harmful) depictions of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and questioning (LGBTQ 2) subjects. This essay recounts how co-authors have drawn on their multiple experiences with/in churches to play with religious rituals and narratives in ways that queerly comment on the damage or support organized religions offer LGBTQ 2 students and educators.

University visual art education departments are often regarded as having disciplinary strengths in certain areas of scholarship or research, which in turn foster specific research directions with graduate students and programs or coursework for undergraduates. In this article for a special queer-centered issue of Visual Arts Research, lead author Dana Carlisle Kletchka identifies an explicitly queer-affirming academic department that manifests particular social relations through individual politics and identities in relation to queerness, the ways in which queerness is treated throughout pedagogies and curricula, and openness to continually re-examining the ways in which power relationships are constructed and deployed in classrooms and academic spaces. She has faculty write about what it means to work in an explicitly queer-affirming environment: how it impacts their positionalit(ies) as professors, their critical pedagogical practices, and their research. Themes of equity, emancip...

This research paper evaluates the effectiveness of the amnesty policy in achieving environmental justice in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The Niger Delta is a major oil-producing area in Nigeria, characterized by environmental degradation, poverty, and social injustices. The amnesty policy, implemented by the Nigerian government in 2009, aimed to address the Niger Delta crisis by pardoning and reintegrating militants who voluntarily surrendered their arms. This paper utilizes the capability approach and human rights approach to critically analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the amnesty policy.

The research begins by examining the Niger Delta crisis through the lens of social justice theories, with a specific focus on the capability approach. The capability approach, developed by Amartya Sen, emphasizes the importance of people's well-being and freedoms. It argues that deprivation of essential capabilities leads to violence and injustice. The paper explores how the lack of capabilities, such as access to food, water, education, and healthcare, contributed to the structural violence and direct violence experienced by the Niger Delta communities.

Furthermore, the study assesses the Nigerian government's response to the Niger Delta crisis, particularly the implementation of the amnesty policy. The analysis highlights the discrepancy between the government's actions and the principles of social and environmental justice. While the amnesty policy initially showed some success in disarming militants and providing educational opportunities, it failed to address the root causes of the crisis, such as environmental degradation, poverty, and exclusion from development. The paper argues that a comprehensive approach considering the capabilities of the Niger Delta communities and the principles of human rights is crucial for achieving lasting environmental justice in the region.

The research draws on qualitative studies conducted in the Niger Delta, which shed light on the impacts of oil spills, loss of livelihoods, and deprivation of education. These studies provide evidence of the dire situation faced by the communities and underscore the urgency of addressing the social and environmental injustices.

In conclusion, this research critically examines the amnesty policy and its implications for achieving environmental justice in the Niger Delta. It emphasizes the need for a more holistic approach that considers the capabilities and rights of the affected communities. The findings contribute to the ongoing discourse on social and environmental justice in resource-rich regions and provide insights for policymakers, researchers, and advocates working towards sustainable development and equitable resource distribution.

University visual art education departments are often regarded as having disciplinary strengths in certain areas of scholarship or research, which in turn foster specific research directions with graduate students and programs or coursework for undergraduates. In this article for a special queer-centered issue of Visual Arts Research, lead author Dana Carlisle Kletchka identifies an explicitly queer-affirming academic department that manifests particular social relations through individual politics and identities in relation to queerness, the ways in which queerness is treated throughout pedagogies and curricula, and openness to continually re-examining the ways in which power relationships are constructed and deployed in classrooms and academic spaces. She has faculty write about what it means to work in an explicitly queer-affirming environment: how it impacts their positionalit(ies) as professors, their critical pedagogical practices, and their research. Themes of equity, emancip...

University visual art education departments are often regarded as having disciplinary strengths in certain areas of scholarship or research, which in turn foster specific research directions with graduate students and programs or coursework for undergraduates. In this article for a special queer-centered issue of Visual Arts Research, lead author Dana Carlisle Kletchka identifies an explicitly queer-affirming academic department that manifests particular social relations through individual politics and identities in relation to queerness, the ways in which queerness is treated throughout pedagogies and curricula, and openness to continually re-examining the ways in which power relationships are constructed and deployed in classrooms and academic spaces. She has faculty write about what it means to work in an explicitly queer-affirming environment: how it impacts their positionalit(ies) as professors, their critical pedagogical practices, and their research. Themes of equity, emancip...

University visual art education departments are often regarded as having disciplinary strengths in certain areas of scholarship or research, which in turn foster specific research directions with graduate students and programs or coursework for undergraduates. In this article for a special queer-centered issue of Visual Arts Research, lead author Dana Carlisle Kletchka identifies an explicitly queer-affirming academic department that manifests particular social relations through individual politics and identities in relation to queerness, the ways in which queerness is treated throughout pedagogies and curricula, and openness to continually re-examining the ways in which power relationships are constructed and deployed in classrooms and academic spaces. She has faculty write about what it means to work in an explicitly queer-affirming environment: how it impacts their positionalit(ies) as professors, their critical pedagogical practices, and their research. Themes of equity, emancip...

University visual art education departments are often regarded as having disciplinary strengths in certain areas of scholarship or research, which in turn foster specific research directions with graduate students and programs or coursework for undergraduates. In this article for a special queer-centered issue of Visual Arts Research, lead author Dana Carlisle Kletchka identifies an explicitly queer-affirming academic department that manifests particular social relations through individual politics and identities in relation to queerness, the ways in which queerness is treated throughout pedagogies and curricula, and openness to continually re-examining the ways in which power relationships are constructed and deployed in classrooms and academic spaces. She has faculty write about what it means to work in an explicitly queer-affirming environment: how it impacts their positionalit(ies) as professors, their critical pedagogical practices, and their research. Themes of equity, emancip...

O presente trabalho aborda o tema da justificação normativa, a partir da contribuição de Rainer Forst para o estudo do tema em sua obra Justification and Critique. A seleção dos princípios que legitimam o justo exercício dos comandos políticos e das normas jurídicas é assunto frutífero, há muito debatido, e a respeito do qual foram desenvolvidas inúmeras teorias, desde concepções puramente ideais de justiça, até os modelos que priorizam a efetiva capacidade de redução de injustiças. Primeiramente serão abordadas, de um lado a noção de justiça distributiva tradicional, baseada no princípio da suum cuique; de outro a noção de justiça reflexiva, na qual os indivíduos assumem ativamente o papel de determinar a estrutura social, baseados em princípios de igual respeito, participação e não dominação. No presente estudo será avaliado o caráter relacional da justiça, consubstanciado no modelo reflexivo proposto por Forst o qual, por sua vez, se funda no direito à justificação normativa. Aqui serão tratados os temas da autonomia e da natureza discursiva da justificação. Para isso, serão analisadas diferentes abordagens, tomando por base as teorias propostas por Amartya Sen e John Rawls, buscando elucidar qual das noções de justiça mais contribui para um modelo reflexivo: a justiça procedimental ou a voltada para o resultado. Ao final, será lançada uma breve apreciação do princípio da justificação geral e recíproca, o que, na concepção de Forst, garante que os sujeitos se submetam apenas àquilo que autorizaram de forma livre e igual.

University visual art education departments are often regarded as having disciplinary strengths in certain areas of scholarship or research, which in turn foster specific research directions with graduate students and programs or coursework for undergraduates. In this article for a special queer-centered issue of Visual Arts Research, I identify an explicitly queer-affirming academic department that manifests particular social relations through individual politics and identities in relation to queerness, the ways in which queerness is treated throughout pedagogies and curricula, and openness to continually re-examining the ways in which power relationships are constructed and deployed in classrooms and offices. Faculty wrote about what it means to work in an explicitly queer-affirming environment: How it impacts their positionalit(ies) as professors, their pedagogical practices, and their research. Themes of equity, emancipatory teaching and learning, intersectionality, and critical social justice echoed through their responses.

Angela Yvonne Davis and Assata Olugbala Shakur share histories of struggle and outlaw status in the face of intense state repression. Both revolutionary freedom fighters were captured after spending time underground as a result of intense surveillance and being marked for outlaw status, in part for their participation in solidarity work for imprisoned Black Panther members. In sexist language, they were typecast as “mother hens” of their respective organizations and thus singled out for the FBI’s Most Wanted “criminals” or “terrorists” list. Despite their experiences with state violence, Angela Davis, now a distinguished professor with international stature, and marooned activist Assata Shakur continue to speak out against racist and sexist injustices as well as against global capitalism and inspire a new generation of activists.

Five academics explore their performed occupations of the National Art Education Association Annual Meetings. They have annually mounted Big Gay Church (BGC) services that deconstruct and question the ways visual culture, media representations, scriptural interpretations, and religious teaching have constructed (at times harmful) depictions of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and questioning (LGBTQ2) subjects. This essay recounts how co-authors have drawn on their multiple experiences with/in churches to  play with religious rituals and narratives in ways that queerly comment on the  damage or support organized religions offer LGBTQ2 students and educators.