Community Resilience

Lembang Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Terdapat beberapa hal yang ingin peneliti simpulkan, diantaranya: Fungsi Kesenian Pantun di masyarakat Desa Cikahuripan ialah sebagai media komunikasi yang mengandung pesan moral untuk berbagai kalangan masyarakat di Desa Cikahuipan. Pada zaman dulu media komunikasi seperti televisi, dan radio belum ada. Pada saat ini perkembangan teknologi dan media komunikasi sangat berpengaruh terhadap fungsi kesenian pantun di Kampung Sukalaksana Desa Cikahuripan. Kesenian pantun mengalami berbagai perubahan aspek serta makna. Baik dari segi pertunjukannya ataupun dari segi kesenian pantun itu sendiri. Dapat dilihat dari pertunjukan pantun yang pada mulanya pertunjukan pantun ini dilaksanakan setiap tahun sebagai persembahan kepada Dewi Sri. Namun, pada saat ini kesenian pantun telah dijadikan sebagai sarana hiburan. Peranan kacapi pada Kesenian Pantun ialah sebagai pengiring sekar sekaligus juga untuk memberikan nuansa adgegang pada setiap bagian pertunjukan kesenian pantun. Waditra pengiring pada kesenian pantun terdiri dari dua waditra yaitu kacapi siter dan piul. Terdapat dua pola tabuhan kacapi pada pertunjukan kesenian pantun, yang pertama adalah pola tabuhan kacapi pemberi standar nada untuk sekar, dan yang kedua tabuhan kacapi sebagai pengiring. Struktur pertunjukan kesenian pantun terbagi menjadi tiga bagian yaitu pembukaan, pertunjukan inti dan penutup. Pada pelaksanaannya, pertunjukan kesenian pantun dimulai dengan sambutan dan pengucapan do'a oleh para pemain kesenian pantun. Pada bagian-bagian pertunjukan pantun, pembukaan terdiri dari pembaca do'a, rajah pamuka, pangambatan, dan bangbalikan. Pertunjukan inti terdiri dari mangkat lakon dan lagu dalam selingan. Yang terakhir rajah pamunah sebagai penutup pertunjukan Kesenian Pantun.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Subyek dalam penelitian adalah Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Kabupaten Bandung. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, tes, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis SWOT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan strategi pengelolaan administrasi kependudukan pasca bencana alam di BPBD Kab. Bandung dan mendeskripsikan faktor-faktor penghambat dari strategi pengelolaan administrasi kependudukan pasca bencana alam di BPBD Kab. Bandung. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan: Perencanaan, berhubung dengan RENSTRA yang masuk tahap penyusunan, maka perlu ada perhatian fokus pada pengelolaan administrasi kependudukan pasca bencana alam kedepannya. Khususnya BPBD Kab. Bandung yang hanya memililiki kewenangan koordinasi saja dalam pengelolaan administrasi kependudukan pasca bencana alam. Pengorganisasian, kebijakan yang dilakukan BPBD Kab. Bandung dalam menanggapi sebuah bencana ...

This study examines the climate-related impacts shaping life decisions in two neighboring districts of Costa Rica—Santa María de Dota and Tarrazú—representing diverse (semi)urban and rural contexts that serve as both origin and destination areas for displaced populations. Conducted in February 2024 as part of the Greater Caribbean Climate Mobility Initiative (GCCMI), the research involved 355 household surveys, four focus group discussions, and one semi-structured interview with 11 participants, including women, youth, farmers, students, local business owners, and activists. Findings reveal that inhabitants of these predominantly agricultural areas experience significant and growing impacts from climate variability, particularly in coffee-dependent economies. Increasingly unpredictable rainfall and rising temperatures have altered harvesting cycles, disrupted local labor patterns, and threatened both plant and human health. While the results provide a contextualized snapshot rather than a full representation of national or regional realities, they offer valuable insights into the lived experiences and adaptive responses of communities facing the slow-onset consequences of climate change in Costa Rica.

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have made education more flexible, affordable, and scalable for people all over the world. MOOCs are not only useful
for higher education, but they are also becoming more and more well-known as powerful tools for lifelong learning. This article talks about how MOOCs could
help people keep learning throughout their lives and what that means for their growth as people and as professionals. This goes into more detail about how it can
help people of all ages, how it is flexible and can be done at your own pace, and how it offers a variety of low-cost ways to learn new skills and move up in your
career.

Oceanic people and places are increasingly labelled as either 'resilient' or 'vulnerable' to disasters and climate change. Resilience is often described in disaster discourse as a strategy designed to overcome vulnerability by helping communities to 'bounce back' in the wake of 'natural' disasters. Using ethnographic research conducted with Community Disaster and Climate Change Committees (CDCs) in Vanuatu in the wake of Tropical Cyclone Pam, this paper seeks to problematise disaster responses that see the 'community' as a space to be acted upon by outsiders, or where people will respond in a unified way to the challenges of rebuilding after disaster. Using political ecology framings this paper critiques the ideas of resilience that appear entrenched in community-based disaster and climate change adaptation discourse and practice in Oceania. Rather than presupposing resilience or vulnerability, this paper details the dispersal and distribution power and agency amongst individual actors and groups that either supported or manipulated, the distribution of goods by Community Disaster Committees. In this way, it moves beyond the limitations of conceptual framings of resilience in disaster management and climate change into a more considered appraisal of power, by exploring what James Ferguson has termed 'the politics of distribution' in the context of disaster.

The efficient transportation of goods is vital for the economic growth of communities, making developing and maintaining seaport infrastructure an essential component of the marine transportation system. Given their geographic locations, ports are consistently at risk from natural hazards, making the resilience of port infrastructure an essential goal. Despite considerable progress in resilience research, there remains a gap in methods tailored explicitly to assessing port resilience, particularly under extreme wind events. Current approaches often do not capture the full complexity of port systems, as they tend to focus on isolated aspects, such as structural resilience. This paper introduces the PORT Resilience Framework, addressing these gaps by evaluating resilience through a comprehensive list of indicators gathered from various legitimate sources. The indicators are then organized under four comprehensive resilience dimensions: Physical Infrastructure, ICT (i.e., Information and Communication Technology) and Equipment; Organization and Business Management; Resources and Economic Development; and Territory, Environment, and Stakeholders. This classification is conveniently summarized under the acronym "PORT." This paper also introduces a method for aggregating resilience indicators by considering their performance before and after a specific hazard, transforming the data into a quantifiable Loss of Resilience index. The approach is applied to a case study, assessing the resilience of a real Terminal against wind action using real data sourced from the port management. The case study analysis revealed that human resources and quay operations were the most critical factors affecting recovery, with insufficient staffing leading to prolonged recovery periods. The study further demonstrated that post-disruption activity surges, captured by different serviceability function methodologies, often created operational bottlenecks, challenging the port's overall recovery.

This study evaluated the humanitarian response and community security circumstances of Rohingya refugees and host communities in Ukhiya and Teknaf, Bangladesh. Using a mixed-methods approach that combines quantitative surveys with purposive sampling, along with qualitative approaches, such as focus group discussions and key informant interviews, this study examines assistance distribution dynamics, security issues, environmental degradation, and cultural friction in the region. The objectives were to examine the differing perceptions of aid distribution between refugees and host communities, analyze the situation of crime and gender-based violence, and evaluate the impact of economic strain and resource competitiveness on community security. Key findings demonstrate that while refugees often perceive minimum support, host populations feel excluded and suffer heightened insecurity. The study also identified increasing petty crime, rising incidences of gender-based violence, and environmental challenges such as deforestation, all of which lead to social stress and decreasing community trust. These implications call for a holistic and sustainable approach that ensures fair resource allocation, stronger security measures, and attempts to create social cohesion between refugee and host populations. Although this study relied on purposive sampling and selected participants, these insights provide evidence-based directions for policymakers and humanitarian groups to design more effective solutions to the complex issues faced by the Rohingya refugee crisis and its impact on community security in Cox's Bazar.

This introduction to the volume Narratives of Resilience/Narrative der Resilienz begins with a brief discussion of the term 'resilience' as a travelling concept across a range of research fields, evaluating both its critique and its promise, especially for the environmental humanities. It proceeds to consider how resilience research might be expanded through literary and cultural studies and how these can develop concepts of cultural resilience and literary resilience in dialogue with other disciplines. In the definition of "narratives of resilience", which is the main concern of this introduction, both a transdisciplinary and a specifically literary concept of narrative are taken into account. In contrast to disaster narratives and risk narratives, resilience narratives, seen as a transhistorical phenomenon, focus on the vulnerability experienced by individuals and societies and, even more so, on the strenuous process of their successful or failing resilience. That leads to reflections on the role of narrative practices in both disclosing and, potentially, building resilience, based on the conviction that resilience can be developed through and in the act of sharing stories of catastrophic events and survival. The introduction concludes with a systematic overview of the research questions, concerns, and approaches in this volume's chapters. The latter examine various narrative strategies in resilience narratives and discuss a broad spectrum of interpretations and facets of resilience between resistance, regeneration, adaptation, and transformation. Resilience. We all know what it means, don't we? Well, sort of. The literal meaning is familiar enough. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, resilience signifies either the "action or act of rebounding, springing back" or

The purpose of this research is to develop the residential flood hazard information map using Geographical Information System (GIS) for residential community resilience. The review approach is based on related literature contributing to identifying themes such as “flood hazard information map” and “geographical information system”. Integration of data will be sourced from Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID), National Property Information Centre (NAPIC) and Jabatan Ukur dan Pemetaan Malaysia (JUPEM) using Unique Parcel Identifier (UPI) for respective residential land parcels. An extensive review of previous studies of flood hazard information map of residential community resilience for different flood disaster studies is considered to be the main restrictive factor resulting in a lack of empirical studies in this field. The development of residential property needs to be imposed with the elements for building specifications and materials that have flood resistance and resilie...

Dedicamos nuestro trabajo a dos hombres que han dedicado gran parte de sus vidas a educar y servir a nuestra juventud. El Dr. Frank Wadsworth, especie exótica que desde hace 56 años figura en nuestra lista de especies naturalizadas. El otro, el Sr. Walter Murray Chiesa, especie nativa que ha escrito innumerables relatos sobre el Cacique Majagua, habitante de las tierras que hoy albergan a C. A. S. A. Por su trabajo y aportación al campo de la educación ambiental, les dedicamos esta tesina. ii AGRADECIMIENTOS Gracias a: aquellos que tuvieron fe y confianza en nosotras, a nuestros profesores, al personal de C.A.S.A., al arquitecto Suárez, a los expertos que enriquecieron nuestro trabajo con sus aportaciones y a nuestras familias por su apoyo, comprensión y oraciones. iii RESUMEN La investigación realizada es una de carácter cualitativo. En ella se provee un diseño de una vereda interpretativa autoguiada en el Centro Ambiental Santa Ana, ubicado en el Parque Julio Enrique Monagas en Bayamón. Además del diseño de la vereda se incluye material complementario que refuerza su contenido. La metodología utilizada se basó en la investigación de documentos que arrojaran luz sobre la historia, aspectos geológicos, científicos y datos significativos que nos permitieran desarrollar nuestro diseño integrando conceptos de educación ambiental. Se llevaron a cabo visitas oculares para determinar las necesidades del lugar. Se visitaron distintas veredas para compararlas y desarrollar un modelo que fuera idóneo con el lugar donde desarrollaríamos nuestro proyecto. Hicimos investigación bibliográfica sobre distintos teorizantes en el diseño de veredas y decidimos adoptar el modelo de Sam Ham. Investigamos además documentos como mapas y publicaciones, visitamos agencias y lugares que nos permitieran conocer aspectos importantes de la zona. Diseñamos nuestro trabajo integrando elementos de distintas disciplinas y resaltando características particulares de las especies incluidas en la rotulación. El lenguaje de los letreros fue sencillo y el estilo de la redacción personifica al bosque y a sus componentes. Para reforzar el contenido de los letreros, redactamos un cuento donde el bosque también cobra vida y habla de sus componentes. Este cuento va acompañado de un glosario, preguntas guías para el maestro y posibles actividades. Nuestro objetivo es que el estudiante o el visitante sea expuesto al relato previo a la visita al bosque. Esto lo estimulará a conocerlo. Además de estos dos productos se diseño una presentación digital y un calendario para promocionar el centro ambiental. Una vez diseñada la vereda concluimos que su construcción es necesaria para facilitar el recorrido y exponer al visitante a una relación directa con este entorno. De igual manera, el reforzar el contenido con material como el cuento y material promocional es indispensable para divulgar lo que allí se encuentra.

This article reports on the findings of a survey to gauge whether the South African local government sector is prepared to cope with changing environmental and governance conditions. Against the backdrop of increasing service delivery demands, shifting policy frameworks, and intensifying climaterelated risks, the study investigated the extent to which municipalities are institutionally equipped to anticipate, absorb, and adapt to evolving local governance trends and challenges. A qualitative research design was adopted, incorporating multiple data collection methods, including in-depth case studies, a systematic desktop analysis of policy and legislative frameworks, and semi-structured interviews with purposively selected respondents (n=82) drawn from 18 local, 18 district, and four metropolitan municipalities (n=40). This approach enabled a nuanced understanding of the institutional and operational realities across the spectrum of municipal categories. The research examined not only the existing state of readiness but also the strategic and operational measures that municipalities can employ to enhance resilience. Particular attention was given to identifying the competencies, leadership capacities, and technical skills required by both political office-bearers and senior administrative officials to respond effectively to uncertainty, complexity, and disruptive change. Data triangulation ensured the validity and robustness of findings, allowing for the formulation of targeted institutional, managerial, and policy interventions aimed at strengthening adaptive capacity. The study concludes by outlining a set of evidence-based recommendations to bolster municipal resilience and institutional readiness, thereby enabling local governments to better fulfil their constitutional developmental mandate and contribute more effectively to sustainable and inclusive local development.

Innovations in mobile technology allow the use of Internet and smartphones for communicating disasters and coordinating evacuations. However, given the turbulent nature of disaster situations, the people and systems at crisis center are subjected to information overload, which can obstruct timely and accurate information sharing. A dynamic and automated evacuation plan that is able to predict future disaster outcome can be used to coordinate the affected people to safety in times of crisis. In this paper, we present a dynamic version of the shortest path algorithm of Dijkstra. The algorithm is able to compute the shortest path from the user's location (sent by the smartphone) to the safety area by taking into account possible affected areas in future. We aim at employing the computed routes on our mobile communication system for navigating affected people during emergency and disaster evacuations. Two simulation studies have validated the performance of the developed algorithm.

Innovations in mobile technology allow the use of Internet and smartphones for communicating disasters and coordinating evacuations. However, given the turbulent nature of disaster situations, the people and systems at crisis center are subjected to information overload, which can obstruct timely and accurate information sharing. A dynamic and automated evacuation plan that is able to predict future disaster outcome can be used to coordinate the affected people to safety in times of crisis. In this paper, we present a dynamic version of the shortest path algorithm of Dijkstra. The algorithm is able to compute the shortest path from the user's location (sent by the smartphone) to the safety area by taking into account possible affected areas in future. We aim at employing the computed routes on our mobile communication system for navigating affected people during emergency and disaster evacuations. Two simulation studies have validated the performance of the developed algorithm.

Limited research has been conducted to date on how disas- ter colonialism shapes, maintains, or destroys social organi- sations and relationships within indigenous societies. This study was conducted within the Hot Spring Tribal Commu- nity (HSTC) of the Rukai people, one of 16 indigenous groups in Taiwan, in the aftermath of Typhoon Morakot in 2009. Based on ethnographic research, the study reveals that the HSTC had endured more than a century of colonial- ism, resulting in an ‘unnatural’ disaster long before the storm struck the island. The impact of colonial forces inten- sified through a variety of post-disaster intervention strate- gies, spawning numerous power struggles within the modern organisations of the HSTC. This study supports the theory of disaster colonialism, which refers to the perpetua- tion and amplification of power conflicts through so-called natural and unnatural disasters. It also demonstrates how government intervention strategies have continued both to marginalise and exploit indigenous people via existing settler structures.

The Holistic Resilience Theory (HRT) is a novel transformative conceptual framework developed from constructivist philosophy and a neuropsychological lens and informed by real-world practice in African contexts. HRT redefines resilience as a dynamic, culturally grounded capacity, challenging traditional stress models through emphasising the interconnectedness of physical, psychological, biological, social, and environmental aspects of well-being. The theory posits that every individual possesses an inherent resilience potential, which can be nurtured through culturally acceptable, context-specific interventions that strategically leverage internal psychological resources and external support systems. HRT outlines a Resilience Potential (RP) continuum comprising three phases: Immediate Resilience, Ongoing Adaptive Resilience, and Strategic Resilience, highlighting a pathway for continued recovery and personal growth. It stresses the importance of resilience mobility, the fluid transition between these phases, for optimal well-being. Through integrating cultural, social, psychological, biological, environmental, and spiritual constructs, HRT advocates for interventions that promote cultural integration, connection, community cohesion, and individual empowerment. The theory emphasises the risks of prolonged, Sustained Immediate Resilience (SIR) and provides a comprehensive approach to fostering psychological health and adaptive coping techniques. HRT holds significant potential to improve the well-being of individuals and communities globally, with a particular focus on the African continent, and invites further empirical validation and widespread application.

This paper uses household survey data of 2019 collected from rural Uganda to explore the impacts of land rights sensitizations on land tenure insecurity or conflict experiences. The study findings individuals from households with ties to local political institutions are more likely to be aware of land rights and formal land documentation. And have a higher likelihood of reporting land tenure insecurity experiences.

This research investigates community perceptions of climate change and its implications for environmental health in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area (JMA) through a quantitative analysis of 150 participants. The study assesses awareness levels, attitudes, and adaptive measures, employing a regression analysis to identify factors influencing climate change awareness. Results reveal a generally high level of awareness, with specific concerns about air and water quality, vector-borne diseases, and perceived threats to overall well-being. The community actively engages in adaptive measures, expressing a desire for increased governmental involvement. The regression analysis highlights age, educational background, and socio-economic status as significant predictors of climate change awareness. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, emphasizing the importance of targeted educational campaigns, community engagement initiatives, and addressing awareness disparities to enhance climate resilience in urban settings.

This guidebook and operational manual documents the development of an urban community garden at Queen Rania Al Abdullah Park (QRP) in Amman, Jordan, as part of a UN-Habitat/UNEP collaboration to promote inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable urban development. Grounded in a structured, context-aware approach, the work combines site and stakeholder analysis with feasibility assessment, capacity building, and governance planning to establish a replicable model of multifunctional green infrastructure that enhances social cohesion, climate resilience, and vocational training opportunities for refugees. The methodology encompasses: (i) comprehensive site analysis (climate, physical features, accessibility, safety, and visual connectivity) and site selection (with a quantitative SWOT-like scoring to choose Zone A within QRP); (ii) stakeholder mapping and community needs assessment to understand demographics, land use, and management rights, and to identify enablers and potential barriers; (iii) feasibility evaluation addressing agricultural capacity, visitation potential, event hosting, and alignment with park operations; (iv) objective setting across economic, environmental, and social dimensions, and the delineation of intended outcomes; (v) capacity development for park management and key stakeholders, outlining governance, financial sustainability, and operational planning; (vi) practical design and implementation guidance for in-ground versus raised-bed gardening and various cultivation methods; and (vii) sustainability planning, governance structures, and ongoing management to ensure longevity. Although grounded in the QRP context, the guidebook is intentionally adaptable to diverse urban settings globally, offering a structured framework for deploying nature-based solutions that foster inclusivity and long-term sustainability in urban parks.

This article explores the role of Light Steel Framing (LSF), Building Information Modeling (BIM), and modular construction in developing resilient public infrastructure, particularly schools and hospitals in disaster-prone regions. Drawing from case studies and references from FEMA, WHO, UNESCO, AISI, ASCE, and USGBC, it demonstrates how these technologies can ensure continuity of essential services, reduce construction times, and increase sustainability. The paper highlights international benchmarks and offers recommendations for policy and practice in both the U.S. and Brazil.

MODERNISATION OF ROMANIAN TOURISM THROUGH THE
ACTIVITIES OF THE NATIONAL TOURISM OFFICE (1936-1948)
(Abstract)
Tourism in Romania was organised in the 19th century through private
initiatives and through several legal regulations that integrated it in the context of
balneary resorts and its benefits for health. In 1936, after several attempts, the
National Office for Tourism (Oficiul Na ional de Turism) was established as an
institution of the Romanian State in order to organise and modernise tourism in
Romania. It was not an easy task, as it required the cooperation of other institutions
and a lot of money to finance all the required activities. In a relatively short period of
time, the National Office for Tourism has managed to create several tourist
publications and to organise various institutional branches and events in Romania
and abroad, contributing to the promotion and modernisation of tourism in Romania.
The article offers new information about the National Office for Tourism from
unpublished archival documents and argues the importance of this institution for
Romanian tourism in its first stage of existence, between 1936 and 1948.

This study assesses the impacts of climate change on Ikere-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria, focusing on socioeconomic , environmental, and health-related dimensions. Using both primary data (questionnaires and field surveys) and secondary sources, the research evaluates rainfall variability, temperature shifts, flooding patterns, and their effects on livelihoods and infrastructure. Results indicate that climate change has significantly increased flooding events, air pollution, and land degradation in the area, while socioeconomic effects include reduced agricultural productivity, health risks, and vulnerability of households to environmental hazards. The study recommends climate adaptation strategies such as improved waste management, flood control infrastructure, community-based environmental education, and climate-smart agriculture to mitigate adverse effects.

African-American Pastors and their Effect on the Civil Rights Movement in the United States Dudley A. Brown McMaster Divinity College Hamilton, Ontario Master of Theological Studies, 2015 The civil rights movement could have been easily called the civil rights ministry due to its principle leader, the African-American pastor. It was a movement based on the precepts and tenets of the ministry of Jesus of Nazareth. The African-American culture and church are quite often indivisible; this is primarily due to their formation. The leader of the African-American church and culture is often the pastor; they played a principle role in setting the tone and direction of the American civil rights movement. This thesis will show how the AfricanAmerican pastor's role has been central to the community and how that role has been fluid and adaptive to respond to the adversity and changes within the community and culture.

This essay synthesizes Jeffrey D. Sachs's presentation on China's technology-centric strategy and its strategic implications for U.S. power. Presented on September 20, 2025, Sachs delivers a clear, cogent account of how coordinated industrial policy, manufacturing depth, and long-horizon planning can compound into geopolitical leverage, the argument is weakened by an imbalance of appraisal: it offers limited scrutiny of the systemic costs and risks within China's model (repression, demographic and financial headwinds, technology choke points) and reads partly as a lament for American shortcomings rather than a fully comparative evaluation. We therefore treat Sachs's analysis less as praise of China than as a constructive provocation to renew U.S. strengths-open innovation, robust market feedback, and strategic public investment-while foregrounding the uncertainties that complicate China's long-run trajectory. See "China's Strategic Blow to U.

This paper defines the notion of realising resilient community energy systems (R-CESs) through community capital to withstand unforeseen natural hazards, climate change induced risks and socio-political disruptions. It evaluates the interrelationship between different stages of CES project implementation with the development of the community’s resilience in the form of social, human, economic, physical and natural capital. This study employs empirical research by carrying out case study analysis of CES projects deployed in risk-prone regions of Malawi and Ethiopia. Three CES projects, two in Malawi and one in Ethiopia, have been examined through qualitative analysis of data collected through semi-structured interviews with CES project stakeholders. Case studies analysed the role of different stakeholders in planning, installation, and operation of projects and the evolution of the community’s resilience during phases of project implementation. In-depth critical analysis of cases demonstrates how a community’s evolved resilience in different forms of community capital enables it to cope with unforeseen shocks/disruptions encountered over the period of CES operation. Comparative analysis of cases proposed the novel R-CES
framework defining seven key components of community capital to realise a R-CES in practice. The proposed framework provides recommendations and best practices to CES project developers, managers and community representatives to implement CES projects in a way that strengthens
community capital to thus realise a resilient community and sustainable infrastructure.

Recently, extreme events have highlighted their potentially tragic effects on structural and infrastructure systems. Resilience of the Community to these extreme vents is an important issue of increasing more concern for developing design methods. Such extreme events scenarios involve many uncertainties, such as the intensity, location, and period. The extreme events may include those caused by various natural or manmade hazards, such as earthquake, strong winds, fire, blast, etc. Compared to other events, earthquake and wind are particularly critical due to their significant threats to the global structure performance and more challenges for design. Researchers have recognized that proper evaluation, modeling, and assessment of the effects of extreme events are fundamental to ensure the desired performance of structures. Therefore, the concern for developing appropriate methodologies to evaluate and design structures that can withstand the effects of extreme events has become a very active field of research in recent years. Improvement of building codes and development of new strategies are needed to mitigate the disastrous effects of extreme events. This paper presents a comprehensive review of literature surrounding designing building structures for extreme events. First, a general overview of the extreme events design and different objectives of approaches is conducted. Furthermore, a review related literature surrounding designing for earthquake resistance guidelines is presented, also highlights Performance-Based Seismic Design objectives. The available literature includes many studies for the provisions included in different design codes (China, United States and Europe). A review of literature related to wind resistance design with an overview of Performance Based Wind Design of building design method for the control of winds impacting on building structures is also presented.

Land tenure security is important for achieving a number Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The purpose of this paper was to investigate variation in land tenure security across three districts located in different geographical regions of Uganda. Using a quantitative cross-sectional survey data collected in early 2019. The findings show that Kanungu district found in SouthWestern Uganda had significantly higher levels of land tenure security as compared to Nakasongola (Central) and Nwoya (Northern). Research findings have implications on further study and benchmarking land governance systems in Kanungu. Furthermore, they have implications on implementation of government and donor land titling or registration programs in terms of priority areas. They further sheds light on the importance of accounting for geographical context in land tenure studies.

This study aimed to determine the impacts of municipal disaster risk reduction management programs on the residents of selected barangays of Quezon, Quezon. It determined the profile of the respondents in terms of age, sex, and address. It also revealed the impact of the municipal disaster risk reduction management office in terms of risk awareness and preparedness, advocacy for risk reduction, community capacity building, community awareness, and coping skills, as well as rescue activities. The researcher used a descriptive method of research. This study employed a proportionate random sampling technique. Under this procedure, the researcher considered using one hundred (100) respondents from the selected barangay residents in Quezon, Quezon to get 100% of the respondents. The findings revealed that most of the respondents are between 31 and 35 years old. The female and male respondents have the same percentage. Most of the respondents are from Brgy. Gumubat and Brgy. Villa Belen. This study found that the average mean of 4.26, interpreted as 'Very Much Agree,' indicated that most respondents strongly agreed with the impacts of the municipal disaster risk reduction management office in terms of risk awareness and preparedness. Likewise, the average mean of 4.05, interpreted as Agree, indicated that most of the respondents agreed on the impacts of the municipal disaster risk reduction management office in terms of advocacy for risk reduction. The average mean of 4.23, interpreted as very much agree, indicated that most of the respondents very much agreed on the impacts of municipal disaster risk reduction management programs in terms of use of community capacity building. It was found that the average mean of 4.32, interpreted as 'very much agree,' indicated that most respondents strongly agreed on the impacts of the municipal disaster risk reduction management office in terms of community awareness and coping skills. The average mean of 4.23, interpreted as 'Very Much Agree,' indicated that most respondents strongly agreed with the impacts of the municipal disaster risk reduction management office in terms of rescue activities. Based on the results of the Kruskal-Wallis H-test, all null hypotheses regarding age, sex, and address are accepted, which means that there is no significant difference in the perceived impacts of the municipal disaster risk reduction management office when respondents are grouped by profile. From the result of this study, the following were recommended: Barangay Community may actively participate in community-based disaster risk reduction activities and initiatives, Barangay Officials may allocate sufficient resources for disaster preparedness, response, and recovery, Residents may participate in community-based disaster preparedness activities, and Future Researchers may conduct a parallel study and evaluate the long-term impact of disaster risk reduction interventions.

Deatnu, also known as Teno in Finnish and Tana in
Norwegian, is one of the world’s most important spawning
rivers for Atlantic salmon. About 30 different Atlantic salmon
populations live in the Deatnu watercourse. Salmon fishing
is also the foundation of the river Sámi culture and identity,
particularly for the Sámi inhabitants of Deatnu valley. Salmon
is one of the main reasons why the indigenous Sámi people
inhabited the area in the first place, and it is one of the key
sources of food in this richly biodiverse Arctic region.

This documentation of best practices of various organisations
— both government and non-government with support of
UNICEF during COVID-19 crisis — titled ‘COVIDEXTERS’, is an
extensive and systematic research work accomplished by the
research team of Dr. Anamika Ray Memorial Trust (ARMT). While
undertaking the research activities for this documentation, the
ARMT team was conscious about making the document readable
for the targeted audiences. Unlike many other documents
where only the activities are mentioned and described, this
is an exclusive reading document on best practices based on
scientific parameters identified by the team. Besides, the most
highlighting point about this document is the addition of success
stories shared by each of the partner organizations and their
beneficiaries from the ground. This makes the piece of work more
intense, relevant and enjoyable.

Thirty years ago, here, Central Asia got independence from the Soviet Union in the year 1991 A.D. It was a momentous year for all new five countries. These countries which have ethnic and cultural diversity pursued different strategies for the socioeconomic transformation. A new republic of Uzbekistan broadly moving towards "Digital 2030". For "Digital 2030" the country attempts to go parallel with ICTs in the education sector which will be going to be the basic foundation for the socioeconomic development of the nation. The present paper will examine the questions of the usage of ICTs in the socioeconomic development of Uzbekistan during a pandemic and its role in defining and evaluating nationbuilding. Also, how do various scholars define the role of ICTs in Uzbekistan? The paper attempts to understand how the idea of ICTs in Uzbekistan being introduced in the country through the years.

The brutal murder of James Byrd Jr. in June 1998 unleashed a storm of media, interest groups, high profile individuals and criticism on the Southeast Texas community of Jasper. The crime and subsequent responsefrom within the community as well as across the worldengulfed the entire town in a collective trauma. Using natural disaster literature/theory and employing an ecological approach, Jasper, Texas was investigated via an interrupted time series analysis to identify how the community changed as compared to a control community (Center, Texas) on crime, economic, health, educational, and social capital measures collected at multiple pre-and post-crime time points between 1995 and 2003. Differences-in-differences (DD) analysis revealed significant post-event changes in Jasper, as well as a surprising degree of resilience and lack of negative consequences. Interviews with residents conducted between March 2005 and 2007 identified how the community responded to the crisis and augmented quantitative findings with qualitative, field-informed interpretation. Interviews suggest the intervention of external organizations exacerbated the severity of the events. However, using strengths of specific local social institutions-including faith based, law enforcement, media, business sector and civic government organizations-the community effectively responded to the initial threat and to the potential negative ramifications of external entities.

Enrekang Regency is the locus of stunting, although natural resources are so abundant compared to other districts in South Sulawesi but have a high rate, as well as child marriage, so it requires special assistance from the community or community-based in increasing family resilience. This study examines the capacity of community-based companions, with a theoretical approach to social assistance and dominated by the concept of Parsons et. al. stating that the empowerment process is generally carried out collectively. From the results of the study found, among others: high stunting rates, child marriage, and divorce rates so that single parents, especially women, can survive to continue their lives by gardening or farming (especially onion farmers). Along with the decline in family resilience that is happening in Enrekang district as a whole, local community-based mentors are needed, because they are the spearhead for a change, but the important problem is their lack of knowledge about the concept of mentoring. The research method used is a qualitative type of research, which focuses on collecting information or in-depth interviews, and this research was conducted for 3 months in 2022-2023.

In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the
profound connection between the mind and body. The ancient
wisdom of Eastern philosophies, which have long highlighted the
interconnectedness of mental, emotional, and physical states, is
increasingly aligning with modern scientific research. Mind-Body
Connection: Insights into Mental Health and Resilience seeks to
explore and emphasize the importance of this relationship in
understanding mental health and fostering human resilience.
Though the mind-body connection is not a new concept, recent
advances in neuroscience, psychology, and medicine have brought
this understanding into sharper focus. The realization that our
thoughts, emotions, and mental states can directly influence our
physical health has opened new pathways for healing and wellbeing.
Similarly, recognizing that physical health can impact mental
well-being is transforming how we approach both prevention and
treatment, leading to a more holistic model of care.

This book offers a comprehensive exploration of how mental health
and resilience are deeply intertwined with the mind-body dynamic.
By drawing on a range of disciplines—psychology, psychiatry,
neurology, and alternative medicine—it provides a
multidimensional understanding of how the mind and body
communicate and influence each other. We explore the science
behind this connection and offer practical strategies for promoting
both mental and physical wellness. Whether through mindfulness
practices, physical activity, or therapeutic interventions, the chapters
highlight the transformative power of integrating the mind and body
to enhance mental health outcomes.

Practiced in earnest in the 20th Century, detrimental land use policies such as redlining, urban renewal, and subsequent highway construction have left a legacy of systemic disenfranchisement in various historically Black neighborhoods across the United States. This disenfranchisement has caused food deserts, environmental degradation, and unequal access to education and other civil systems. The research, Architectural Forensics and Regenerative Design: Archival Mapping of Disenfranchisement and Sustainable Futurities, seeks to leverage archival mapping, photography, articles, and policy documents as forensic evidence. The 3D modeling component will incorporate regenerative design strategies, including net-zero, passive, and appropriate technologies, while considering site climate data analysis and historical context. This practice-led approach culminates in an interactive AR deep map and subsequent architectural plans that can serve as referential tools for those seeking to rebuild these once-neglected places. The work aims to advocate for the sustainable futurity of each neighborhood by envisioning innovative solutions through informed design.

Long live the legacy of Nipsey Hussle. May this research serve as a valuable resource for community organizers, designers, and stakeholders working to restore and reimagine urban futures that are grounded in equity, healing, and dignity.

To access the AR component, please download the ARLoopa App on Google Play and use the Marker Scanner. Place your phone over the map in the paper to watch the model come to life.

This paper investigates the concept of resilience through its social, ecological, economic, and institutional dimensions. It explores key factors such as social cohesion, social capital, and community infrastructure in enhancing social resilience. The analysis extends to ecological resilience, focusing on biodiversity, habitat complexity, and the functional roles ecosystems play in responding to disturbances. Economic resilience is discussed in terms of the capacity of regional economies to recover and maintain stability in the face of external shocks, while institutional resilience examines how governance structures adapt and implement effective responses to ongoing challenges. The paper further evaluates methods for assessing resilience, including the Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI) and its application in identifying vulnerable populations and areas. In doing so, it highlights strategies for strengthening resilience across these dimensions, such as fostering robust social networks, improving infrastructure, ensuring responsive governance, and promoting ecological conservation. The findings underline the importance of an integrated, multidimensional approach to resilience in both human and ecological systems.

Cities face various types of risks; some are natural such as floods, extreme heat, and earthquakes, others are urban risks such as fires, crime, and riots. Urban spaces can be creatively utilized to protect the city and increase its resilience. In some cases, urban spaces can be a “safe refuge” for the city residents. Such a concept is an untapped opportunity which has not been applied in the local context and there is not much literature about it. This research aims to help the designers and urban planners to make the right decisions about urban spaces enabling them to improve the Egyptian city’s resilience. A framework for planning and designing urban spaces is created based on the concepts of resilient cities, disaster risk reduction approach, and some international case studies. The framework is verified using Delphi technique for testing and prioritizing the framework principles. The main result (the framework) includes the planning and design principles and the procedures applied to find them. For example, an open space can be a refuge from earthquakes, where people can escape dilapidated buildings. The safe dimensions of space are related to the height of the surrounding buildings. Additionally, a set of principles has been developed for each type of natural disaster. This framework highlights some of the conflicts that can occur in a recommendation that solves one problem and increases the risk of another, such as encouraging wind movement to withstand heat waves which conflicts with using windbreaks to reduce exposure to sandstorms. The framework integrates diverse principles of planning and design in urban spaces in order to mitigate several risks.
The principles of the framework are classified into a group of sub-categories, and then arranged based on the relative importance index and the number of responses of design principles to disasters.

The rapid urbanization of Egypt's new cities has amplified the urban heat island (UHI) effect, causing environmental and health challenges such as increased energy demands and reduced air quality. While sustainable urban development rating systems-like LEED, BREEAM, CASBEE, The Pearl, Green Star, DGNB, and Egypt's Green Pyramids Rating System (GPRS)-offer valuable frameworks, they often lack specific measures to address UHI mitigation tailored to Egypt's climatic conditions. This research proposes a UHI-focused rating system designed for Egyptian neighborhoods. The system aims to develop sustainability indicators aligned with Egypt's environmental needs, informed by consultations with 64 experts from academia, government, and related fields. Indicators were categorized into UHI, ecology, resource efficiency, and governance, and evaluated using a five-point Likert scale. Data collected in November 2024 were analyzed using the Relative Importance Index (RII), revealing priorities in Resource Management (21.0%), Ecology (14.2%), Transportation (13.9%), and Placemaking (13.0%), with UHI Mitigation ranked at 12.0%. Lower emphasis on Social, Governance, and Economic factors reflects a focus on resources, ecology, and urban design. The findings informed UHI-specific enhancements to the GPRS framework, including green and blue infrastructure, optimized urban morphology, and heat-reducing materials. The revised framework supports Egypt's Vision 2030 and offers a replicable model for climate-resilient urban design in developing regions, addressing the critical need for sustainable strategies to mitigate UHI effects.

The rapid urbanization of Egypt's new cities has amplified the urban heat island (UHI) effect, causing environmental and health challenges such as increased energy demands and reduced air quality. While sustainable urban development rating systems-like LEED, BREEAM, CASBEE, The Pearl, Green Star, DGNB, and Egypt's Green Pyramids Rating System (GPRS)-offer valuable frameworks, they often lack specific measures to address UHI mitigation tailored to Egypt's climatic conditions. This research proposes a UHI-focused rating system designed for Egyptian neighborhoods. The system aims to develop sustainability indicators aligned with Egypt's environmental needs, informed by consultations with 64 experts from academia, government, and related fields. Indicators were categorized into UHI, ecology, resource efficiency, and governance, and evaluated using a five-point Likert scale. Data collected in November 2024 were analyzed using the Relative Importance Index (RII), revealing priorities in Resource Management (21.0%), Ecology (14.2%), Transportation (13.9%), and Placemaking (13.0%), with UHI Mitigation ranked at 12.0%. Lower emphasis on Social, Governance, and Economic factors reflects a focus on resources, ecology, and urban design. The findings informed UHI-specific enhancements to the GPRS framework, including green and blue infrastructure, optimized urban morphology, and heat-reducing materials. The revised framework supports Egypt's Vision 2030 and offers a replicable model for climate-resilient urban design in developing regions, addressing the critical need for sustainable strategies to mitigate UHI effects.

This paper examines how social movements influenced Greece's macroeconomic adjustment during the financial crisis and austerity period (2010-2015). The purpose is to identify the channels through which mobilizations-anti-austerity protests, general strikes, youth actions, and solidarity networks-interacted with the economy. The main hypothesis is that social protest operates as an economic force via three mechanisms: expectations (shifts in household and firm beliefs affecting consumption, confidence, and investment), disruption (coordination and operating costs from strikes and stoppages affecting output and employment), and institutional feedback (policy sequencing and credibility under EU-IMF conditionality shaping behavior). Using a theoretical, literature-based methodology-a structured narrative review of peer-reviewed studies, policy documents, and historical syntheses-we map these mechanisms onto outcomes (GDP, unemployment, investment, consumer confidence). The findings support the hypothesis: expectations and feedback dominate the transmission to investment and confidence, while repeated disruption is most salient for labor-market dynamics; solidarity infrastructures cushion social costs but have ambiguous aggregate effects. The scope is interpretive and Greece-specific, yielding testable propositions for future causal work. Limitations follow from the design: the study does not estimate effect sizes or establish causality; conclusions are analytically persuasive rather than statistically demonstrative. The contribution is a mechanism map that integrates social-movement theory with crisis political economy and clarifies where empirical identification should focus.

Shipping Containers (SC) are a viable option as temporary or permanent housing for disaster victims due to their modularity, strength, and availability in large quantities around the world. While SCs as alternative housing has been extensively explored, few studies have focused on the structural and thermal performance of SCs in a tropical monsoon climate. This paper aims to contribute to a better knowledge of SC building construction by (1) investigating the SCs structural performance when subjected to a variety of loads, including gravity, earthquake, and very strong typhoon, and (2) assessing the thermal performance in a hot and humid climate. The case of Leyte, Philippines, a hot, humid, and typhoon-frequented region, is considered in this study. To meet the objectives, two SCs were combined to build a singlefamily house. First, the structural strength of the SCs, including the effect of cuts and openings, were investigated using finite element analysis. Second, the thermal condition of the SC was compared using four models with different insulation materials: no insulation, PE foam insulation (R-12), slightly higher insulation (R-13 fiberglass batt), and very high insulation (R-49 fiberglass batt) through building energy simulation. The paper concludes that SCs have inherently high strength and can withstand strong wind and earthquake. Stresses due to cuts and openings were minimized when the cuts/openings were placed far from the corner posts. On the other hand, increasing insulation R-value did not improve the indoor thermal condition of the SCs. More work needs to be done on making SCs thermally comfortable in hot and humid climates.

The Nansen Initiative launched in October 2012 aims to build consensus among states about how best to address cross-border displacement in the context of sudden-and slow-onset disasters. Among humanitarians and students of international law, Fridtjof Nansen is mainly remembered as the first High Commissioner for Refugees whose 'Nansen passport' provided a degree of international protection to scores of paperless refugees. A wider public knows him as the successful polar explorer. During one daring expedition, from September 1893 to August 1896, Nansen sailed his ship, the Fram, into the ice pack off Siberia, trusting that a strong current carrying the polar ice westwards would allow him to cross the arctic region. His instincts were correct, and the expedition provided science with important new knowledge about oceanography and meteorology, contributing significantly to understanding the climate dynamics in one of the globe's most hostile environments. Nansen also became an accomplished and successful diplomat, able to translate humanitarian principles into action and convincing others to join him.

The huge growth in expenditure on counter-extremism and counter-terrorism policy post 9/11 (Dawson & Guinnessy, 2002; Lum, Kennedy & Sherley, 2006; Silke, 2004) has seen buzzwords such as ‘resilience’ integrated without clear framing or the underpinning of empirical evidence. The issue addressed by the current paper is twofold; the framing of resilience within policy is not such that it clearly relates to extremism and, the subsequent lack of understanding that exists on the relationships between the three levels of resilience under this framing. The National Resilience Scale (Kimhi, Goroshit & Eshel, 2013) is applied alongside measures of community and individual resilience to test the hypothesis that all three levels would positively correlate with one another. The hypothesis was supported in study one, but not study two with community resilience negatively correlating with both individual and national resilience. The implications of this conceptual framework are discussed, primar...

This policy paper critically examines the disconnect between the Women, Peace and Security (WPS) agenda and women’s lived realities in conflict settings, with a focus on Syria. It argues that tokenistic inclusion, checklist-driven aid, and siloed gender programming undermine transformative change. Instead, it calls for empowering grassroots networks, recognizing and resourcing women’s informal leadership, expanding the concept of protection to address systemic vulnerabilities, and mainstreaming gender across all sectors. By aligning donor strategies with adaptive, locally grounded approaches, the article proposes recalibrating the WPS framework into a tool for meaningful, community-rooted empowerment and sustainable peace.