Commercial Vehicles

The pattern of coal transportation is very dependent on the behaviour of the driver, which influences the effectiveness of travel time. Good driver behaviour will affect the optimization of travel time, and scenarios need to reduce travel time wastage. This study aims to optimize travel time and sensitivity analysis based on the influence of driver behaviour, truck travel movements and the use of travel time on coal haul roads. The research method uses a field survey with a GPS tracker, a smart GPS server 3.3, google earth and statistics. The results showed that the driver's behaviour greatly influenced the pattern of use of travel time and truck travel speed. Coal transportation in the morning can be more optimal than night so that that travel time wastage can reduced by 40%. The proposed optimization scenarios can save 36.7%-48.61% of the existing travel time and the transport cycle can be increased to four to five times. So that with the addition of the cycle, it will increase the income of the transport company and the driver's income. With smart GPS, companies can improve the performance of transportation services in company management, get coal supplies on time.

This research sought to identify differences in safety records of drivers who had undergone the training required to hold commercial drivers licenses, and to see if previous offenses and crashes in a CDL drivers record were reasonable indicators of future offenses and crashes. Crash and offense rates from the Michigan Driver Database from 2001-2005 of CDL drivers and non-CDL drivers were compared; crashes and offenses from 2006-2007 were compared across groups of CDL drivers based on their crash and offense records from 2001-2005; and driver records from the Michigan Driver Database were matched with CMV crash records from the Michigan Vehicle Crash data file from 2001-2005, to compare circumstances of CMV crashes of CDL drivers to those of drivers of CMVs that do not require a CDL. Previous offenses and crashes in CDL drivers' records were reasonable indicators of future offenses and crashes. CDL drivers who had no crashes or no crashes or offenses in the prior period also had the lowest crash involvement for crashes of all severities in the after period. Among crash-involved CMV drivers, non-CDL holders had significantly higher rates of coded hazardous actions than CDL holders. They also had poor prior driving records in terms of prior offenses, serious offenses, and alcohol-related crashes. CDL holders had slightly higher average numbers of prior crash involvements. The findings of this research can be useful to the CDL program to identify critical safety factors, and to the trucking industry to improve driver hiring, training, and retention policies.

This report provides weighted and unweighted one-way frecpencies for a l l the vehicles in WlIU's f i l e of Trucks InvolwA in Fatal P1=cidents, 1991. The TIFA dataset provides coverage of a l l d u r n arid heavy trucks recorded in the Fatal Fccident Reporting System (FARS) f i l e . TIFA carbines vehicle, accident, and occupant records f m FARS w i t h i n f o mtion about the physical configuration and operathg authority of the truck fran the TIFA survey form. Wst of the TIFA i n f o m t i o n is prcchced by telephone interviews with the driver, owner, or sme other involved party. Sane of the infomtion is transcribed fran police reports collected fran the states or fran the MX 50-T report sutrnitted by inters t a t e carriers of goods t o the Office of Mtor Carriers (CK) in the Federal Highway Achninistration. Scm? s a p l i n g was done in select% the cases for the file. Cases where there was a M=S 50-T n p r t available were taken with certainty. Amng the mining cases, half were selected where the FARS b d y t y p a r i d vehicle trailerhg variables indicated the vehicle was a straight truck or a tractor with one t r a i l e r . All other FARS cases were included. In 1991, there *re 4,404 rredium and heavy trucks involved in fatal accidents in the U. S . , down 11.9% fran 5,003 in 1990. Tractors accounted for 67.5% of the p w r units. Tractors with twin t r a i l e r s mde up only 3.8% of the involverents. Only 23.4% of the accidents occurred on Interstate highways. Accidents a t night and twilight ccnprised 36.2% of the t o t a l nmber of cases. Medium t r u c k s , heavy t r u c k s , f a t a l a c c i d e n t d a t a 18 Dittrlbullon Statomonl Unlimited -19 Socurlty Clos~lf. (of thlr report) None 20. Security Clartlf. (of thlr pogo)

The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration's (FMCSA) mission is to reduce crashes, injuries, and fatalities on our nation's roads involving motor vehicles, and to further its work the agency set out to identify ways to reduce motorcoach fire risk. FMCSA's Vehicle and Roadside Operations Division contracted the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center to perform a study to collect and analyze information from government, industry, and media sources on the causes, frequency, and severity of motorcoach fires in the United States, and to identify potential risk reduction measures. Volpe Center analysts only considered fires that were mechanical or electrical in origin, and that were neither the result of a collision nor arson. This study establishes an integrated incident database, allowing for a comprehensive analysis of risk trends and patterns, and provides recommendations that could result in fewer motorcoach fires and, in turn, safer roads and lives saved. Volpe Center analysts created a database on reported motorcoach fire incidents between 1995 and 2008 as a basis for the study. The resulting database consists of 899 records from the sources cited below spanning the years 1995-2008, with the 2004-2006 data being the most complete. Analysts constructed the database to facilitate analysis by location of origin, point of ignition, geographic and vehicle characteristics, inspection and maintenance histories, vehicle damage, and human injuries and fatalities.

The objective of this research is to identify the issues that contribute most to commercial motor vehicle crashes, fatalities, and injuries in Michigan through analysis of available data, and to identify strategies to help reduce these crashes and their consequences. Data from 2001-2005 were used, and included the Michigan vehicle crash files, Trucks Involved in Fatal Accidents file, and Motor Carrier Management Information System Inspection and Carrier files. The Michigan FACT file was also used. Harm was measured by overall CMV crash costs. Angle, rear-end, and head-on crashes were found to contribute most to overall CMV crash costs. Analysis of vehicle condition and crash risk found brake defects to be associated with fatal CMV rear-end, head-on, and angle collisions, and lighting defects to be associated with fatal rear-end crashes where the CMV was struck. Analysis of CMV inspection records shows that brake and lighting system violations are the most frequent violations. The average number of violations is highest for small fleets. The inability to stop in assured distance, (i.e., following too closely) is the CMV driver hazardous action that contributes most to overall CMV costs. Strategies proposed to address these issues include enforcement, preventive maintenance programs, training, consultation, and other help to fleet safety managers, incentives for deployment of advanced in-vehicle technology, and public information and education programs to "share the road."

Článek se zabývá tvorbou řídicího algoritmu pro uzavírání diferenciálu nákladního vozidla. Algoritmus vychází z předpokladů systému ZF ADM a je tvořen v softwaru Simulink-Stateflow. Článek především popisuje funkci algoritmu a jeho aplikaci na výpočtový model vozidla s pohonem 4x4. V závěru je provedena simulace jízdního manévru k ověření funkčnosti sestaveného řídicího algoritmu uzavírání diferenciálu.The paper deals with the creation of control algorithm for locking differential of a truck. This algorithm is based on assumptions of ZF ADM system and it is created using software Simulink-Stateflow. The article mainly describes the function of algorithm and its application to a computational model of a truck with 4x4 drive. In conclusion, a simulation of driving manoeuvres was done to verify the functionality of the assembled differential control algorithm

This article presents a research study on modelling taxi user perceived quality. Following a thorough review of the available international literature, relevant variables are individualised using focus groups of taxi users, and a satisfaction survey is designed. The resulting data are used to estimate two types of ordered probit models, which consider systematic and random variations in taste: on the one hand, a model that provides attributes and their influence on the perceived quality of taxi service when no previous information about the system is available and, on the other hand, a model that considers their changed perception after being informed about the attributes that could affect the system's perceived quality. The results mention the attributes that the users normally value and those that they would value after being asked to reflect on them. It is worth noting that waiting time is the most important factor for frequent users, and journey time is highly valued by almost all users, along with safety, accessibility and comfort. Surprisingly, the fare is not usually as important as at the first thought. The results of this type of study are valuable because they allow us to understand and improve the system depending on user preferences, thereby improving the quality of services and increasing the demand.

The responsibility for monitoring commercial vehicles on Kentucky's roadways and enforcing the applicable laws and regulations falls primarily on Kentucky Vehicle Enforcement (KVE). KVE personnel are involved in a variety of activities including commercial vehicle size and weight enforcement, work zone speed enforcement, and general traffic monitoring and enforcement. The objectives of this study were to identify, describe, and (where possible) quantify the benefits associated with the activities of KVE. The primary benefits provided by the activities of KVE are: reductions in crashes, injuries, and fatalities; protection of the revenue streams that replenish Kentucky's Road Fund; reduced damage to Kentucky's surface transportation infrastructure; and creating a level playing field for Kentucky's motor carrier industry. Using the best estimates available for crash reductions, revenue protection, and infrastructure protection, KVE activities in these areas are worth approximately $70 million to $130 million annually.

A dual-step MTL / FDTD strategy is proposed for anticipating full-vehicle level EMI. In the first step, the current distribution along a cable bundle connecting to electronic modules on an automotive platform is calculated using multiconductor transmission-line (MTL) models. I n order to account for common-mode discontinuities on the vehicle chassis, e.g.. slots, 3D full-wave modeling (FDTD) is used-to determine radiation impedances, which are thereafter incorporated in the MTL models for compensating the radiation power loss. In the second step, the obtained currents are implemented as impressed current sources in full-vehicle full-wave modeling using an FDTD multi-wire suhcelluar algorithm. Thus, the full-vehicle emissions from the automotive harness and the common-mode discontinuities of the vehicle chassis can be predicted. The effectiveness and limitation of this approach have been demonstrated in a rontrolled laboratory environment. Kqwords-Mulfi-conducfor frunsmission line (AWL): FDTD mulfi-wire suhcelluor ulgorifhm: common-mode currenf: ourornofive EMC I.

This work describes an analysis of the effect of the transition curves in the coupling elements between the carbody and the bogie, by means of recorded variables under commercial operation conditions of a railway vehicle. A set of field tests are developed and applied to the railway system as a basis to validate a numerical model. The dataset is obtained from a numerical model based on the multi-body systems theory using a transient method. The study focuses on the dynamic evaluation of the vehicle to determine the transversal dynamic effect generated by the circulation in the transition curve sections, especially in curves with short radius. The work includes a case study of a passenger railway, and it is used to identify aspects of the railway system that could be improved by the operators, such as inspection routines, rail track design and elements subjected to considerable loads.

— A large proportion of India‟s villages has been connected with all weather roads and has low volume of traffic. The main composition of such roads is granular layer with or without thin bituminous surfacing. The common problem to rural roads is that their maintenance is neglected because of paucity of funds and poor institutional set up, and the road asset created at a great cost is lost. Cement concrete pavement offer an alternate to the flexible pavements especially when the soil strength is poor, the aggregates are costly and drainage conditions are bad. Concrete pavements have now been constructed for low volume of traffic because of their durability even under poor drainage conditions. Rural roads connecting major roads are sometimes required to carry diverted traffic which may damage the concrete pavement slabs. Such factors may be considered while arriving at thickness of concrete pavements. It is well established that the concrete pavements demand a high degree of professi...

This work deals with principle of operation and design of differentials and systems, which are used to regulate driving power of engine by commercial vehicles. It is a summary of findings about currently used traction control devices and about trends of these systems. This work provides an overview of powertrain control systems and it does not include own design solution. This summary of information could be used as a learning tool, that can help student to understand principles of described mechanisms and as an information source by developing custom design of powetrain control system

The responsibility for monitoring commercial vehicles on Kentucky's roadways and enforcing the applicable laws and regulations falls primarily on Kentucky Vehicle Enforcement (KVE). KVE personnel are involved in a variety of activities including commercial vehicle size and weight enforcement, work zone speed enforcement, and general traffic monitoring and enforcement. The objectives of this study were to identify, describe, and (where possible) quantify the benefits associated with the activities of KVE. The primary benefits provided by the activities of KVE are: reductions in crashes, injuries, and fatalities; protection of the revenue streams that replenish Kentucky's Road Fund; reduced damage to Kentucky's surface transportation infrastructure; and creating a level playing field for Kentucky's motor carrier industry. Using the best estimates available for crash reductions, revenue protection, and infrastructure protection, KVE activities in these areas are worth approximately $70 million to $130 million annually.

The study sought to identify the knowledge of passengers about the characteristics of commercial vehicles that influence passenger's choice and makes it attractive to private car users. It therefore presents the preference estimates for various attributes that affect commercial vehicles choice, with reference to students in University of Ghana who patronize commercial vehicles from Circle bus station in Accra to Kumasi with the main objective of understanding more about the factors that influence passenger's choice of commercial vehicles. A discrete choice experiment was designed to capture the responses for estimating passenger's commercial vehicles choice for various attributes specific to vehicles in the study area, that are loading passengers simultaneously. The main model was generated using the binary probit in STATA which was further segmented according to gender. The magnitude of estimates fromthe probit model indicated that, generally, passengers prefer commercial vehicles with entertainment, very new and almost full with passengers. This was generally supported by the segmented model by gender. Also, passengers will generally trade the size and brand off for very new and commercial vehicles with reduced loading/waiting period.

This work describes an analysis of the effect of the transition curves in the coupling elements between the carbody and the bogie, by means of recorded variables under commercial operation conditions of a railway vehicle. A set of field tests are developed and applied to the railway system as a basis to validate a numerical model. The dataset is obtained from a numerical model based on the multi-body systems theory using a transient method. The study focuses on the dynamic evaluation of the vehicle to determine the transversal dynamic effect generated by the circulation in the transition curve sections, especially in curves with short radius. The work includes a case study of a passenger railway, and it is used to identify aspects of the railway system that could be improved by the operators, such as inspection routines, rail track design and elements subjected to considerable loads.

The study sought to identify the knowledge of passengers about the characteristics of commercial vehicles that influence passenger’s choice and makes it attractive to private car users. It therefore presents the preference estimates for various attributes that affect commercial vehicles choice, with reference to students in University of Ghana who patronize commercial vehicles from Circle bus station in Accra to Kumasi with the main objective of understanding more about the factors that influence passenger’s choice of commercial vehicles. A discrete choice experiment was designed to capture the responses for estimating passenger’s commercial vehicles choice for various attributes specific to vehicles in the study area, that are loading passengers simultaneously. The main model was generated using the binary probit in STATA which was further segmented according to gender. The magnitude of estimates fromthe probit model indicated that, generally, passengers prefer commercial vehicles ...

The research deals with the use of the discrete choice experiment
technique and Random Utility Theory (RUT) to analyze bus choice
behaviour for commuters in Asafo-market in Kumasi, Ghana. The principal
aim of the study was the calibration of a logit model to forecast consideration
sets. In order to estimate the model parameters, a specific survey was carried
out inside the urban area of Kumasi. The survey focused on passengers and
involved mainly employees, self employed workers and students (120
respondents). The data collected from the experimental survey was further
calibrated and segmented according to gender. The magnitude of estimates
generally indicates that commuters highly value buses with fixed departure
time, spacious seats and Air Condition (AC). However, an increase in fare
level will result in a disutility of bus choice.