Adaptive Urbanism

Abstrak. Sementara pemerintah berusaha untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dasar penduduknya, masyarakat dengan akses yang minim terhadap mekanisme formal pelayanan dan infrastruktur telah mengembangkan cara mereka sendiri untuk memanfaatkan sumber daya, modal sosial dan jaringan kekerabatan mereka. Literatur perencanaan yang ada sering memberi label terhadap proses, hasil dan konsekuensinya seperti alokasi lahan dan pembangunan perumahan sebagai sesuatu yang ilegal karena tidak diproduksi dalam suatu sistem perencanaan dan pembangunan yang formal. Artikel ini akan mengeksplorasi munculnya tipe tata kelola perkotaan informal dalam rangka penyediaan infrastruktur perkotaan dan kebutuhan lainnya di Melanesia dengan membandingkan situasi di kota-kota menengah seperti Port Moresby dan Jayapura. Tulisan ini adalah analisis awal tentang penyediaan yang terorganisasi sendiri infrastruktur perkotaan dan kebutuhan dasar lainnya yang telah berkembang di kedua kota tersebut, ditambah dengan implikasi pergerakan ke arah pengelolaan yang lebih efektif dalam bidang tata kelola dan manajemen perkotaan.

Urban governance as a concept has been evolving in the urban policy discourse in the last decades in the context of developing countries, from emphasising the role of formal government to the myriad of arrangements in urban development and management. Even though the outcomes are varied among countries in coping with rapid urbanisation, governments of developing countries maintain conventional planning and development system. As a result, urban space is subsequently produced by part of the urban population who have little concern and interest with formal planning rules, and by implication are excluded from such rules and regulations. Recent planning literature confirms that urban informality is now a major mode of urbanisation. Rapid urban growth experienced by Indonesia during the last decades has resulted in an imbalanced growth among islands in this country. Urbanisation has contributed to a widening disparity between megacities in Java and outer islands, with Papua Province the ...

This article aims to investigate the generative process of urban development using simulation methods. The open-source platform OpenSim was used to allow participants to build immersive virtual environments representing the ancient town of Hoian, Vietnam. Patterns and urban properties are implemented as rules of generative process in urban design. This research not only corroborates Alexander’s methods but significantly improves his and colleagues’ method in providing a
clear approach in generative process in urban design. Through the immersive environment of OpenSim, communities are able to establish effective public participation in planning their neighborhood as well as build and test urban codes.

This study develops a new approach for assessing the form of a traditional city by employing Christopher Alexander's generative method, which involves pattern and form languages. The pattern language for a traditional city and a new set of 20 properties of urban elements are developed to provide a better framework for understanding urban form. These properties are synthesised from the 15 properties outlined by Alexander and the 10 qualities proposed by Kevin Lynch. The Coherent Index is developed and implemented to assess the impact of generative forces on the urban form of the ancient quarter of Hoian, Vietnam. This study reveals that the ethnic interdependence and integration of the international community, the power of water and trade, and monarchical power were the most important forces that determined the form of Hoian between the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries.

This article presents design research speculating on computationally enabled planning approaches for urban sites where informal developments make conventional masterplans ineffectual. The project advances the thesis that the spatial complexity of urban sites can be effectively studied through a network or mesh representation and that rapid change in informal settlements is not an obstacle to planned redevelopment but can be addressed through dynamic modeling and punctual interventions. In this way, the rapid turnover of the built environment can be a mechanism through which to introduce directed planning without canceling out bottom-up actions. In the case study presented, we use a multiagent approach that is able to adapt to a continuously changing context. The agents are driven by weighted random walks and compute localized analyses of the morphology of the network of public space as they move. The information generated by the multiagent simulation is aggregated to identify potential modifications to the urban fabric, with an emphasis on pedestrian connectivity.

Se cumple tan solo un año de la publicación de la Nueva Agenda Urbana y resulta bastante interesante para el análisis la incidencia que ha tenido en la gestión pública y la discusión académica. En cada documento que leo, a cada conferencia que asisto, y en cada discusión que estoy acerca de políticas públicas siempre se está girando en torno a la urbanización, la resiliencia (pero desde una mirada que va mas allá de lo ambiental), el gobierno abierto y la trasparencia y, la construcción de ciudades a escala humana.

The past decade of disasters across the world and the challenges of creating sustainable shift in the behaviour of citizens have demonstrated that there is a need for systemic thinking about cities and also to understand the concept of climate change as a wicked problem that demands multidimensional thinking and acting.