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18th-Century French Philosophy

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lightbulbAbout this topic
18th-Century French Philosophy refers to the body of philosophical thought that emerged in France during the Enlightenment, characterized by an emphasis on reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional authority. Key themes include human rights, secularism, and the critique of religion, significantly influencing modern political and social theory.
lightbulbAbout this topic
18th-Century French Philosophy refers to the body of philosophical thought that emerged in France during the Enlightenment, characterized by an emphasis on reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional authority. Key themes include human rights, secularism, and the critique of religion, significantly influencing modern political and social theory.

Key research themes

1. How did 18th-century French materialism and natural philosophy evolve and influence later philosophical traditions?

This research area examines the development of materialist thought and natural philosophy in 18th-century France, focusing on seminal figures like Denis Diderot and their works such as 'Éléments de physiologie'. It investigates how 18th-century materialism laid the groundwork for later philosophical debates, including those in the 19th century and the influence on contemporary thought. Understanding this evolution matters as it reveals the transformation in metaphysical and epistemological frameworks within French philosophy, bridging Enlightenment and modern materialist discourses.

Key finding: This work highlights Diderot's 'Éléments de physiologie' as a critical 18th-century text advancing radical transformist materialism, emphasizing that Diderot's materialist philosophy operates as a foundational discourse for... Read more

2. What epistemological and metaphysical debates characterized 18th-century French philosophy, especially regarding knowledge, science, and the role of philosophy?

This theme addresses 18th-century French philosophical engagements with epistemology and metaphysics amidst the emerging specialization of sciences. It explores the evolving relationship between philosophy and the sciences, debates over knowledge categories, and the role of metaphysics after the Enlightenment. The exploration is essential to understand the shifting boundaries between disciplines and how French philosophy negotiated the scientific advances and professionalization of knowledge.

Key finding: This chapter charts the 19th-century professionalization of philosophy in France and its separation from sciences, discussing the epistemological debates around the philosophy of science and metaphysics. It situates Bergson's... Read more
Key finding: The paper examines late 18th-century French epistemological concepts such as ‘idéologie’ and ‘science sociale,’ tracing their ambiguous definitions and situating them within the moral and political philosophical landscape. It... Read more
Key finding: Though focused on the 17th century, this dictionary illustrates the biographical and contextual diversity that shaped philosophical discourse leading into the 18th century. It emphasizes the porous disciplinary boundaries and... Read more

3. How did 18th-century French women philosophers contribute to scientific and philosophical knowledge, especially through epistolary and interdisciplinary engagements?

This theme focuses on the contributions of women philosophers such as Émilie Du Châtelet, exploring how their scientific, mathematical, and philosophical works intersected with personal and existential experiences, notably through letters. It sheds light on how women engaged with and shaped Enlightenment knowledge production, emphasizing feminist approaches to historical epistemology and the integration of 'personal' and 'scientific' domains, thus broadening understanding of the period's intellectual landscape.

Key finding: This paper demonstrates that Du Châtelet's letters reveal a process of becoming a woman mathematician, philosopher, and scientist, intertwining love and relational dynamics with her scientific and philosophical work. It... Read more

All papers in 18th-Century French Philosophy

a question du cosmopolitisme a récemment retrouvé sa place parmi les questionnements que nous élaborons sur nos sociétés contemporaines avec la prise de conscience, dans la seconde moitié du XX e siècle, des processus, multiples et... more
Les méthodes de voyager du XVIII' siécle et les transformations du discours du voyageur La vogue du récit de voyage modern&, accompagnant celle des voyages transatlantiques et des découvertes, a débuté au XVI` siécle et résulte de... more
Artifacts for Diderot's Elements of Physiology is a translation of Denis Diderot's rare 18th Century work, Éléments de physiologie, situating it in light of New Materialism and other current debates in continental philosophy. It takes one... more
This is a chapter from Eszter Kovács, La Critique du voyage dans la pensée de Diderot. De la fiction au discours philosophique et politique, Paris, Honoré Champion, 2015.
A chapter from Eszter Kovács, La Critique du voyage dans la pensée de Diderot. De la fiction au discours philosophique et politique, Paris, Honoré Champion, 2015.
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