A Micropayment System

Information Systems Frontiers, 2005

In this paper, we propose a new efficient and secure micro-payment scheme, named e-coupons, which can provide the users the facility of delegating their spending capability to other users or their own devices like Laptop, PDA, Mobile Phone, and such service access points. The scheme has the promise of becoming an enabler for various Internet-based services involving unit-wise payment. It gives flexibility to the users to manage their spending capability across various access points for a particular service without obtaining an authorization for each and every access point from a facilitating bank. This flexibility which is not present in the existing micro-payment schemes is essential for accessing ubiquitous e-services and other Internet-based applications. The facility of delegation introduces a slight overhead in respect of the proof or verification of the delegated authorization and security provided to the payments. The payoff from the facility of delegation takes away the burden of the overhead. The paper discusses the design of the protocol and provides a basic analysis of the performance of the system. e-coupons is based on PayWord, a single-seed one-way hash chain for unit-wise payment, TESLA for payment security and SPKI/SDSI as underlying PKI framework for its unique delegation feature. The results obtained from the implementation of ecoupons are quite acceptable and show near real-time response. Our scheme uses multi-seed one-way hash chains for unit-wise payment. Furthermore, it allows an ordered transfer of the portions of payment chains to others. Because of this user's spending capability can be used from different service access points to access the subscribed service, concurrently.

Eswar Publications, 2024

Cryptocurrencies based on blockchain infrastructures have shown their advantages such as double-spending resistance and decentralization. Each transaction of cryptocurrency requires a certain amount of computation and attracts transaction fees. Often, in practice, many transactions are small; therefore, they add computation and transmission overheads to the system. In this paper, we introduce a cost-saving approach, which significantly reduces transaction time and storage for small amount of payment, i.e. micropayment. Micropayment means the value of transaction is small, i.e., payment worths a few pennies. To achieve instant micropayments, Hearn and Spilman introduced a notion of payment channel. In this paper, we formally discuss the robustness requirements of a scheme that is suitable for micropayments, consider the explicit value of penalty and user privacy leakage. More precisely, we propose a micropayments scheme for decentralized blockchain-based payment system based on the notion of payment channel, which enables a payee to receive funds at several unsynchronized points of sale and penalize the double-spenders, with instant confirmation. In our approach, with the notion of ‘transaction commitment’, the computation of each transaction is much more efficient. Therefore, our approach has advantages in comparison of other cryptocurrency systems such as the bitcoin system. Our approach can be applied to other existing cryptocurrency systems.

2008

Abstract. This article presents two concepts of schemes–MINX: Micropayments with Secure Network Exchange–for implementation of prepaid cards. The first scheme is based on secure one-way hash functions, the second one is based on cryptographically secure pseudorandom bit generators, which produce pseudorandom sequences. Both schemes enable the utilization of cards bought prior and make securing and hiding users' data and details of service possible.

2005

This paper presents an original concept of micropayment schemes which combine both the simplicity of an electronic pre-paid card without trusted third party and user's privacy. Two protocols are proposed-the first one is based on a secure one-way hash function, the second one is based on a cryptographically secure pseudorandom bit generator. The main advantage of the proposed schemes is the ability to perform a cryptographic key distribution within the micropayment process.

Online shopping payment scheme is one of the popular in recent years. During payment process the attackers aim to stealing the customer date by targeting the point of scale (PoS) system. Increasing malware that ca steal card data as soon they are read by the device details. This server is identified from legal to illegal control is provided to customer key approach. Once collect the details at customer side are customer account is disabling automatically by erasable PUFs. It includes that limited activity as server to client transaction is sure. Attackers often aim at staling such customer data by targeting the Point of scale (for sort, PoS) system. I.e. the point at which retailer first acquires customer data. Modern PoS system is powerful computer equipped with card reader and running specialized software. Increasingly often, user device are leveraged as input to the PoS. In these scenarios, malware that can steal card data as soon as they are read by the device has flourished .As such as, in case where customer and vendor are persistently or intermittently disconnected from the net work, no secure on-line payment is possible. This work describes SPEF, over up to date approaches I term of flexibility and security. To the best of our knowledge SPEF is the first solution that provide secure fully off line payment while being resilient to all currently known Pops breaches. In particular details SPEF architecture components and protocols .Further a thorough analysis of SPEF functional security properties is provider showing its effectiveness and visibility. Keywords— Micropayment Scheme, Point of Sale, resilient attackers, SPEF protocol, and secure micro-payment.

E-cash or electronic money which is being used for medium and or micro scale payment has been introduced to ebusiness and e-market places as a substitution for cash since internet based business and marketing have proliferated during recent decays. Although e-cash is successfully being used for medium scale payments in worldwide, but for micro scale payments it hasn't been fortunate. Investigates have revealed many reasons for so called unfortunate of e-cash in micropayment scale. Its disability to meet requirements of an ideal e-cash such as accessibility, anonymity, need of intermediate, cost of transaction, ease of use and lack of proper distribution architecture are the most outstanding failures of existing e-cashes which have stopped e-cash to be used as well known electronic money for micro scale payments. Collecting the best qualities of existing e-cashes and dismissing their disabilities will guide the research to a series of properties for an ideal e-cash named “BESTCASH”. The main objective of this research is introducing a model for BESTCASH to meet the criteria of ideal electronic money for micropayment scale.

Symmetry, 2016

As an increasing number of people purchase goods and services online, micropayment systems are becoming particularly important for mobile and electronic commerce. We have designed and developed such a system called M&E-NetPay (Mobile and Electronic NetPay). With open interoperability and mobility, M&E-NetPay uses web services to connect brokers and vendors, providing secure, flexible and reliable credit services over the Internet. In particular, M&E-NetPay makes use of a secure, inexpensive and debit-based off-line protocol that allows vendors to interact only with customers, after validating coins. The design of the architecture and protocol of M&E-NetPay are presented, together with the implementation of its prototype in ringtone and wallpaper sites. To validate our system, we have conducted its evaluations on performance, usability and heuristics. Furthermore, we compare our system to the CORBA-based (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) off-line micro-payment systems. The results have demonstrated that M&E-NetPay outperforms the .NET-based M&E-NetPay system in terms of performance and user satisfaction.

WSEAS Transactions on Information Science …, 2008

2006 Seventh International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing, Applications and Technologies (PDCAT'06), 2006

Micro-payment systems have the potential to provide non-intrusive, high-volume and low-cost payas-you-use services for a wide variety of web-based applications. Previously we have developed NetPay, an off-line micro-payment protocol for E-commerce. In this paper we describe a set of extensions, Mobile-NetPay, optimised for mobile E-commerce. Mobile-NetPay provides high performance and security using one-way hashing functions for e-coin encryption. Each mobile user's transaction does not involve any broker and double spending is detected during the redeeming transaction. We describe the motivation for Mobile-NetPay and describe three transactions of the Mobile-NetPay protocol in detail to illustrate the approach. We then discuss future research on this protocol.

International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering, 2000

Micro-payment systems are becoming an important part of peer-to-peer (P2P) networks. The main reason is to address the "free-rider" problem in most existing content sharing systems. To address this issue we have developed a new micro-payment system for content sharing in P2P networks called P2P-Netpay. This is an offline, debit based protocol that provides a secure, flexible, usable and reliable credit service in peer to peer networks ensuring equitable participation by all parties. We have carried out an assessment of micro-payment against a non-micro-payment credit systems for file sharing applications. This paper finds that this approach liberates the "free-rider" problem through the evaluation of the proposed system and comparison with other existing systems. We report on the design of our experiment and results of end user evaluation. We discuss the performance of our model compare it to a nonmicro-payment credit model. We analyse the heuristic evaluation performed by a set of evaluators and present directions for research aiming to improve the overall satisfaction and efficiency of our model for peers.We have only prototyped the protocol and investigated its feasibilities for some cases. We need to find out the ways to overcome downloadable technologies which are installed on peer's computer. Downloading and installing software is the issue that we need to deal with in future. We would like to investigate on a web-based peer-to-peer file sharing service using P2P-Netpay.