Special Issue: Advance in Friction Stir Processed Materials

Journal of Composites Science, 2021

FSP (friction stir processing) technology is a modern grain refinement method that is setting new trends in surface engineering. This technology is used not only to modify the microstructure of the surface layer of engineering materials, but increasingly more often also to produce surface composites. The application potential of FSP technology lies in its simplicity and speed of processing and in the wide range of materials that can be used as reinforcement in the composite. There are a number of solutions enabling the effective and controlled introduction of the reinforcing phase into the plasticized matrix and the production of the composite microstructure in it. The most important of them are the groove and hole methods, as well as direct friction stir processing. This review article discusses the main and less frequently used methods of producing surface composites using friction stir processing, indicates the main advantages, disadvantages and application limitations of the ind...

E3S Web of Conferences, 2021

Newer materials with unique properties are needed to cater the ever-increasing industrial demands to meet new challenges concerning technological advancements. Quest for special materials and processes is prevalent as conventional materials fail to level up. Composite materials promisingly bridge this gap by providing controllable properties at reasonable costs. Their scope of application can further be drastically enhanced by subjecting them to special surface processing treatments. Friction stir processing (FSP) is one such promising process that can meet the stringent applicational demands. Composites are increasingly being used in industries for properties like high strength to weight ratio, increased hardness, stiffness, ductility, corrosion resistance, etc. FSP, a solid-state material modification technique, has proved its caliber in surface composite fabrication. Some attention-seeking advantages of FSP include peerless efficiency, less tool wear rate, and ability to modify m...

Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2021

An innovative friction stir processing variant, named Upward Friction Stir Processing (UFSP), for producing customized materials with multifunctional particles is presented. In the UFSP, an upward flow is used to disperse these functional particles in a metallic matrix, in opposition to the widely used downward flow. As a proof of concept, SiC particles were introduced and dispersed into an aluminium alloy AA7075-T651 matrix to study different process parameters and to validate this novel material processing technology. Six different small-sized ingots were produced and compared to the conventional FSP technology. The microstructural evolution is studied by means of optical microscopy, eddy current testing, microhardness mapping and advanced characterization techniques, such as, high energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron backscatter diffraction. The number of passes was seen to greatly impact the particle distribution. Additionally, UFSP promotes a more uniform particle distribution over a larger processed area, when the lateral tool offset progress along the retreating side.

International journal of research in engineering and innovation , 2022

A fast-developing novel solid-state technology for composites manufacturing is friction stir processing (FSP). It involves surface modification, which allows for successful surface property adaptation via solid-state plastic deformations. When FSP started, it was mostly used to make metal matrix composites from light metal alloys like aluminium. Manufacturing composites made from various nonferrous and ferrous metal alloys and polymers has recently given it a more attractive role. FSP has been a ground-breaking method for creating functionally graded systems/surfaces (FGS) of a metal matrix in addition to composite manufacturing. The entire FSP process, in which reinforcement particles are incorporated into the base matrix to create composites and FGS, is covered in this article. It provides a comprehensive evaluation of recent breakthroughs in the fabrication of FGS and the effects of various types of reinforcing particles on composites' properties. Several pressing problems, difficulties, and upcoming tasks are methodically addressed.

2020

1Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, Wolaita Sodo University, Ethiopia 2Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, SRK Institute of Technology, Vijayawada 3Head of Department, Mechanical Engineering, Wolaita Sodo University, Ethiopia ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract Friction stir processing (FSP) is energy efficient, onestep, solid-state surface modification technique. FSP is an emerging metal working technique and an effective method for producing fine-grained structure and surface composite, modifying the microstructure of materials, and synthesizing the composite. The objective of this review article is to provide the current state of understanding and development of friction stir processing technology on copper. This paper also presents the critical reviews on copper based particulates reinforced surface composites using friction s...

2018

Friction stir processing is the noval and efficient technique to obtain homogeneous and fine structure. A cylindrical tool is used for the Friction stir processing without or with a pin. The tool rotates along with transverse speed and produces local heat on the surface of material under processing. Local heat produced by the tool motion, recrystallized grains of the material on surface. Rapid cooling along with processing decreased the growth of grains due to recrystallization which improves the microstructural properties. The microstructure produced by the processing is mainly equiaxed in stir zone resulting increase in microhardness. Resistance to erosion, corrosion, wear and other material degradation improves with refinement in the microstructure by friction stir processing. This paper summarizes recent research work which has been carried out to characterize microstructural behaviour produced by friction stir processing.

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2017

Friction stir processing (FSP) was used to successfully embed galfenol particles into aluminum (AA 1100 Al) matrix uniformly. However, intermetallic layer of Al 3 Fe was formed around the galfenol particles. Activation energy for Al 3 Fe formation during FSP was estimated, and attempts were made to minimize the Al 3 Fe layer thickness. By changing the processing conditions, FSP successfully eliminated the intermetallic layer. Hence, FSP, in addition to microstructural control, can successfully fabricate intermetallic-free embedded regions by controlling the reaction kinetics.

Materials Science & Engineering R-reports, 2001

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a relatively new solid-state joining process. This joining technique is energy efficient, environment friendly, and versatile. In particular, it can be used to join high-strength aerospace aluminum alloys and other metallic alloys that are hard to weld by conventional fusion welding. FSW is considered to be the most significant development in metal joining in a decade. Recently, friction stir processing (FSP) was developed for microstructural modification of metallic materials. In this review article, the current state of understanding and development of the FSW and FSP are addressed. Particular emphasis has been given to: (a) mechanisms responsible for the formation of welds and microstructural refinement, and (b) effects of FSW/FSP parameters on resultant microstructure and final mechanical properties. While the bulk of the information is related to aluminum alloys, important results are now available for other metals and alloys. At this stage, the technology diffusion has significantly outpaced the fundamental understanding of microstructural evolution and microstructure-property relationships. #

Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2005

This research demonstrates the use of submerged friction stir processing (SFSP) as an alternative and improved method for creating ultrafine-grained bulk materials through severe plastic deformation. SFSP is compared with friction stir processing (FSP) done in air, through the use of thermocouples and transmission electron microscopy. Samples of Al-6061-T6 were created by SFSP that exhibit grain sizes less than 200 nm, while still obtaining a suitably stirred region.