Electromagnetic Coverage Calculation in Gis

2016

The development of new technology increases the exposure level to non-ionizing EMF radiations. Recent development of spatial data management in the framework of GIS has created a new trend of environmental mapping. In this work, maps for different EMF sources have been developed for the Baghdad city using Arc Map GIS version 10, the utilization of such spatial analysis maps is very important for future planning and EMF exposure assessment studies. Statistical analysis for measurement data was made using IBM SPSS Version 20. The maximum contribution of EMF exposure was referred to FM radio stations and GSM mobile base station due to high power transmitters and large number of base stations, maximum EMF strength caused by FM radio stations was 10.2 (V/m) and the average exposure level 3.578 (V/m). High-level exposure values unveil the necessity of imposing new recommendations and limits concerning stations site selection and reducing exposure levels in residential areas as low as possible.

International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2021

Currently, telecommunications systems have become more widespread and there is still a discrepancy between whether or not non-ionizing radiation produces health problems in living beings at cellular level. From an experimental point of view, it is interesting to raise the correlation of high levels of electromagnetic pollution with health problems in urban populations which would make it possible to clearly determine the effects of this type of radiation on human health and the environment. By means of remote sensing, a geographic information system (GIS) has been developed for the analysis of electromagnetic pollution levels generated by emissions from non-ionizing radiation (NIR) sources in a city. A method for measuring electromagnetic pollution was applied, which allows the generation of a table of attributes of the GIS that is the input to generate by inverse distance weighting (IDW), the layer of electromagnetic pollution. The method, as a case study, was applied in the city of Manizales, located in Colombia, obtaining as a result a layer that allows evidence that the highest levels of electromagnetic pollution are concentrated in the most central area of the city. In this way, the effects of NIR on public health can be analyzed by means of correlations.

Recent Advances in URBAN PLANNING and TRANSPORTATION - Proceedings of the 2nd WSEAS International Conference on URBAN PLANNING and TRANSPORTATION, 2009

Electromagnetic fields exist in nature, and the man is always exposed to their action. We cohabit with an electromagnetic background caused by several natural phenomena that take part in the atmosphere, on the land surface, under the ground and from the cosmic sources, the more important of them is the Sun, which contributes with a permanent and a variable component (phenomenon of the solar spots). In these last decades the technological progress has involved an enormous increase of "electromagnetic pollution" sources: tasks to the development of the distribution network of the electric power and to the increase of the fields of the telecommunication and the mobile telephony. The aim of this contribute consists in emphasizing the instruments employed for the assessment of the so-called electromagnetic pollution and in order to limit the exposure of the population. In particular a method of calculating electromagnetic fields will be defined, generated from the mobile telephony systems and field measures will be realized through appropriate instrumentation. Moreover, we’ll realize an application: a Geographical Information System for registering all the BTS in the municipality of Reggio Calabria, Italy, for estimating the field generated from the systems installed in that area.

International Journal of Natural and …, 2009

It is a common discernment that, today; mobile phones have become the most inevitable tools for human comfort and communication. As a result, an enormous number of innovations to satisfy the needs of mobile communication quality show up every day. However, there is another aspect of the matter related to the environment and human health. Both mobile phones and GSM transmitters are the sources of electromagnetic pollution. Consequently, it is considerably necessary to minimize the negative environmental and health effects of the electromagnetic fields of GSM networks, while offering the best quality and uninterrupted mobile phone services. This study proposes a geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) supported method to determine the best and most suitable locations for erecting GSM transmitters on land, so that the coverage area is wider, the number of necessary stations is minimized and the electromagnetic pollution is decreased. Also decreasing the negative effects of electromagnetic waves caused by GSM transmitters helps healthy urban spaces and can be used as space quality parameters. Main themes of the method embrace a multidisciplinary working frame.

International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2023

Nowadays, smart devices have become a major part of human life, and this need has led to an increase in the demand for these devices, prompting major telecommunications companies to compete with each other to acquire the bulk of this market. This competition led to a significant increase in the number of mobile towers, to expand the coverage area. Each communication tower has transmitters and receivers to connect subscribers within the mobile network and other networks. The receivers and transmitters of each mobile tower operate on radio frequency waves. These waves can cause harm to humans if the body tissues absorb the radiation resulting from these waves. Headache, discomfort, and some other diseases are among the effects resulting from the spatial proximity to the mobile towers. In this paper, a model based on geographic information systems (GIS) software is proposed for the purpose of discovering the area of exposure to radio frequency radiation. This model can assists mitigate the opportunities of exposure to these radiations, thus reducing its danger. Real data of the levels of electromagnetic pollution resulting from mobile towers were analyzed during this study and compared with international safety standards.

Remote Sensing, 2011

The determination of the orthometric height from geometric leveling has practical difficulties that, despite a number of scientific and technological advances, passed a century without substantial modifications or advances. Currently, the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has been used with reasonable success for orthometric height determination. With a sufficient number of benchmarks with known horizontal and vertical coordinates, it is often possible to adjust using the least squares method mathematical expressions that allow interpolation of geoid heights. The objective of this study is to present an alternative method to interpolate geoid heights based on the technique of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). The study area is the Brazilian state of Sã o Paulo, and for training the ANN the authors have used geoid height information from the EGM08 gravity model with a grid spacing of 10 minutes of arc. The efficiency of the model was tested at 157 points with known geoid heights distributed across the study area. The results were also compared with the Brazilian Geoid Model (MAPGEO2004). Based on those 157 benchmarks it was possible to verify that the model generated by ANNs provided a mean absolute error of 0.24 m in obtaining a geoid height value. Statistical tests have shown that there was no difference between the means from known geoid heights and geoid heights provided by the

Irish Interdisciplinary Journal of Science & Research

Mobile signal strength (coverage) maps are of great importance to cellular operators for network planning and operation are expensive to obtain, imperfectly reflective of call quality outcomes, and potentially constructed from biased samples. Users of smartphones utilize high-speed network services while commuting on public transit and hope to have a consistent, high-quality connection. Measuring and monitoring coverage and quality of service mean being able to assess reality and its representation. Data collection is a vital ingredient in this process. Finding Mobile signal strength and Mapping the Coverage areas using GIS through differentiating the Network. Due to the massive load demand on cellular networks and frequent changes in the underlying radio channel, users often experience sudden unexpected variations in the connection quality. To overcome variations, we create a Map to differentiate the signal strength with a regular update through the Received Signal Strength Indicat...

2001

In the last years, the attention of the public community on electromagnetic pollution has continuously grown. In this paper we argue that the use of Geographic Information Systems in this domain should be encouraged as a valid support to the monitoring activities related to this phenomenon. In particular, our proposal of a visual environment, the Metaphor GIS Query Language is shown to provide a fruitful combination of GIS technology and visual languages, which have the double advantage of assisting electromagnetism experts in the measurement tasks, and facilitating non-expert users who might be interested in the level of EMF pollution in a given area.