Cosmological Entropy and Seeking of Genesis of Time

arXiv: High Energy Physics - Theory, 2008

This is a short analysis of the changes in the concept of entropy as applied to physics of the present-day and Early Universe. Of special interest is a leading role of such a notion as deformation of a physical theory. The relation to a symmetry of the corresponding theory is noted. As this work is not a survey, the relevant author's works are mainly considered. This paper is to be published in special issue "Symmetry and Entropy" of journal SYMMETRY: Culture and Science

A detailed description of the nature of cosmological time is presented that is unlike the common perception with regard to the perceived concept of time on this 3 rd dimensional Earth. It is explicated that cosmological time is the venue by which Creation and everything it entails operates. It is proposed that contrary to the common belief by the mainstream scientists, time is not a scalar. In fact, it is elucidated that time is of tensorial nature that has a strong connection to the concept of rotation or spinning about the central SOURCE, the progenitor of all things and all events that can transpire. Furthermore, time epitomizes the act of free-flow of the quanta of energy. It is explicated that upon explosion-implosion of the SOURCE upon ITSELF, these quanta of energy are dispersed whose state of energy of consciousness diminishes with the loss of propinquity with respect to the SOURCE. More importantly, it is elucidated that it is the rate of propagation of time as measured by the rate of spin about the central SOURCE or the curvature of the contours of congealed energy that is of significance and not the absolute magnitude of the time tensor. In this respect, one would have to look into the inverse of time (frequency) as a conjugate parameter to time that forms a pair conforming to the Dualism Principle of Creation, to effectively comprehend the mechanics or behavior of the Cosmos at large. Furthermore, it is the inverse of time (frequency) that determines the quality of energy of the consciousness, a concept that is in complete agreement with the Planck's Energy-Frequency Equation as stipulated in quantum physics-mechanics.

2009

It is a remarkable fact that all processes occurring in the observable Universe are irreversible, whereas the equations in which the laws of physics are formulated are invariant under time reversal. The emergency of irreversibility from the fundamental laws has been a topic of consideration by physicists, astronomers and philosophers since Boltzmann's formulation of the "H" theorem. In this paper I shall discuss several aspects of this problem and its connection with the dynamics of space-time, within the framework of modern cosmology. I shall comment, briefly, on the nature of physical time and its relation with the so-called "consciousness".

Proceedings, 2017

The spacetime is basically curved and dynamical. Thus our knowledge of universe must be extended to a dynamical curved spacetime to understand the nature of the universe. The field theory in the curved spacetime has shown that the evolution of spacetime involving the field in the curved spacetime leads to particle creation. From another perspective, by employing thermodynamics to cosmology, we can learn about the source of current entropy content associated with the universe. From the quantum thermodynamics, it is clear that the inner friction stemming from the quantum fluctuations of the field can produce the entropy. Using this approach, the particle creation due to the expansion of spacetime beginning from the vacuum is shown as an entropic increase. Considering an asymptotically flat Robertson-Walker spacetime, the particle creation entropy is evaluated. Each special scale factor can be used to characterize the cosmic parameters. Thus, the dependence of particle creation entropy on the field parameters and the cosmic parameters allows us to recover information from the underlying structure of the spacetime. Also, by adding an entropy production, indicating the mutual information between created particle and spacetime, to this particle creation entropy, the well-known entanglement measure can obtained to investigate the entanglement of created particles. In fact, the entanglement entropy, measuring the mixedness of the primary state, is affected from the creation and the correlation of the particle.

This paper introduces the Universal Cosmological Time Model (UCTM), a theoretical framework that reconciles the relativistic experience of time with the objective thermodynamic evolution of the universe. While local observers may experience time differently due to variations in velocity and gravitational fields, we argue that the universe maintains a structurally objective temporal rhythm, defined by the flow of entropy and constrained by the speed of light. Through an integration of general relativity, thermodynamics, and cosmology, UCTM positions light speed as the minimal-action threshold that guarantees irreversible change. Entropy emerges not merely as a statistical byproduct but as the primary engine of temporal asymmetry, with light acting as its universal transmission medium. The accelerating expansion of the universe, culminating in its eventual heat death, is interpreted as a manifestation of this entropic time arrow. By framing time as a dynamic-stability structure bounded by both order and chaos, the model provides a fresh foundation for understanding the emergence, progression, and eventual stillness of time itself. UCTM thus invites a reevaluation of temporal metaphysics—not as illusion, but as a finite, entropic phenomenon embedded in the very structure of cosmic reality.

Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2008

We study the evolution of the universe in the presence of inflaton, matter, radiation, and holographic dark energy. The time evolution of the scale factor is obtained by solving the Friedmann equation of the universe with a good approximation. We present two independent ways which determine the value of the dark energy constant d ∼ 1 from the observational data. The two ways are measuring the deceleration parameter and measuring a universal constant depending only on d. The universal constant is given by a dimensionless combination of three scale factors at the equipartition times of radiationmatter, radiation-dark energy, and matter-dark energy. We also discuss that the second law of thermodynamics determines the point of time when the dark energy dominated era begins in the universe.

International Journal of Modern Physics A, 2010

We present a novel solution to the low entropy and arrow of time puzzles of the initial state of the universe. Our approach derives from the physics of a specific generalization of Matrix theory put forth in earlier work as the basis for a quantum theory of gravity. The particular dynamical state space of this theory, the infinite-dimensional analogue of the Fubini–Study metric over a complex nonlinear Grassmannian, has recently been studied by Michor and Mumford. The geodesic distance between any two points on this space is zero. Here we show that this mathematical result translates to a description of a hot, zero entropy state and an arrow of time after the Big Bang. This is modeled as a far from equilibrium, large fluctuation driven, "freezing by heating" metastable ordered phase transition of a nonlinear dissipative dynamical system.

Entropy, 2010

It is demonstrated that entropy and its density play a significant role in solving the problem of the vacuum energy density (cosmological constant) of the Universe and hence the dark energy problem. Taking this in mind, two most popular models for dark energy-Holographic Dark Energy Model and Agegraphic Dark Energy Model-are analyzed. It is shown that the fundamental quantities in the first of these models may be expressed in terms of a new small dimensionless parameter. It is revealed that this parameter is naturally occurring in High Energy Gravitational Thermodynamics and Gravitational Holography (UV-limit). On this basis the possibility of a new approach to the problem of Quantum Gravity is discussed. Besides, the results obtained on the uncertainty relation of the pair "cosmological constantvolume of space-time", where the cosmological constant is a dynamic quantity, are reconsidered and generalized up to the Generalized Uncertainty Relation

Einstein’s relativity ideas have not yet exhausted their applications to elucidate the physical realities of the universe and will be demonstrated to have been instrumental in the origin of the cosmic inflationary epoch for which there is still no clear explanation. The biggest problem in cosmology is our current ignorance about what preceded time 0 of our cosmological history. Moreover all published concepts about how a universe or universes could originate are highly speculative and simplistic. For this reason this paper is one of a series dealing with the micro and macro scale realities of the universe which aim to eventually lead to a proper and self-explanatory concept of the origin of our universe right from whatever could have preceded time 0. Pending this new concept we agree with the generally accepted occurrence of the Planck epoch followed by a grand unification epoch up to 10x -36 s to be immediately followed by the inflationary epoch. Minkowski’s reputed space/time statement that space and time being separate entities was doomed could evolve towards the realization that energy, matter, and gravitation might all together constitute an independent integrated reality of its own which encompasses the basis of consciousness in all its expressions. Such an integrated reality, intimately linked to the mechanism which created our universe, could, we are quite confident, help us to eventually understand the scientific basis of what constitutes metaphysics. Anticipating this possibility we show how Einstein relativity is still alive in the new concept, we report here, of the inflationary epoch believed to have occurred sometime at 10x -36 s after the appearance of the initial energy mass which would produce the universe. The initial pure energy, soon after time 0 with c as average velocity, should have an infinitely contracted space-time and would, in the presence of, first, a small fraction of massive hadron particles, inevitably begin inflating cataclysmically and exponentially. The successive formation of another small fraction of leptons like electrons, positrons and others would accentuate this inflation. We show that Einstein’s special relativity theory and the second law of thermodynamics, also called the law of increased entropy, satisfactorily explain the exponential inflationary epoch.