Survey on Smart Ticketing for PMPML

This paper based on automated system for ticketing in the Metro Train System which is based on unique passenger identification. This is a user friendly system, which will automatically identify the passenger and deduct the passenger's fare according to the distance travelled. The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) card and rfid reader are used to make the identification of passenger and transaction very precise. System thus reduces human errors and efforts. This project is a complete metro train simulator that will be installed in a metro train. The RF Card technology is used that is it has a unique id for every tag. Every person is allotted a RF card with the fixed balance in it. The metro train will keep on passing between the stations and as it stops at the station the person has to swipe its RF card to make an exit. According to distance travelled by the passenger the ticket is deducted from its balance, as the person has to show the RF card while entering and leaving the train station. The MCU is used to perform the above task along with the display unit and RF ID reader. A stepper motor is used to show the door opening and closing on swiping the RF card.

In public transport system, particularly in bus collecting ticket is really a problematic issue. Transport Company has to employ one or two personnel for this purpose. They have to knock everybody for this purpose. It is very common practice for few people to travel without ticket or do not give proper fare. Sometimes there is a rough argument during the journey regarding fare. Also bus personnel have to monitor whether a person has purchased ticket or not. Again having no government authority to take control or keep an eye over the whole scenario, the private sectors are creating a monopoly, taking control over the public transport and autocratic raise in bus fare. To overcome this problem, RFID technology can be used. RFID technology has long been recognized as an efficient method for identifying a single entity. RFID technology also provides for greater security in the system. The ticketing systems using RFID can be merged to solve the above mentioned problems. This paper actually suggests a much more public friendly, automated system of ticketing with the use of RFID based tickets. This system is suitable for megacities like Kolkata where a large no of customers avail public transport system daily.

International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology, 2024

In the digital era, public transportation systems are evolving to embrace technological advancements to enhance efficiency and passenger convenience. The Eco-Pass project aims to implement an RFID-based smart ticketing system for public buses, replacing traditional paper tickets with a more streamlined and user-friendly approach. This system utilizes RFID technology to automate fare collection, reduce boarding times, and provide real-time data analytics for transit operators. By integrating a mobile application and a robust backend system, Eco-Pass ensures seamless user interaction, easy account management, and secure transactions. The project focuses on creating a scalable, efficient, and secure ticketing solution that can significantly improve the overall passenger experience and operational efficiency of public transportation systems. Through this innovative approach, Eco-Pass addresses common issues such as ticket fraud, manual fare collection errors, and passenger inconvenience, paving the way for a smarter, more connected urban transit infrastructure. This report outlines the system design, implementation plan, and expected outcomes of the Eco-Pass project.

… (ICCSIT), 2010 3rd …, 2010

The paper based public transport ticketing system, prevailing in the megacity Dhaka (Bangladesh), introduces severe malfunction in the system, malicious argument among public, corruption and most of all traffic jam. This paper actually suggests a much more public friendly, automated system of ticketing as well as the credit transaction with the use of RFID based tickets. The total system mainly acts to bring out the consistency among various bus agencies that will conclude in uniform access of passengers in daily rides through an automated server being updated every single time the passengers travel by carrying the RFID based tickets.

IRJET, 2022

Whole world is facing COVID-19 pandemic problem. The virus is primarily spread among people during close contact, most often through small droplets produced by coughing, sneezing and talking. The World Health Organization advised to wash hands, wear masks, maintain social distance, and disinfect personal belongings for preventing spread of corona virus. Motive to work on this prototype is that to maintain social distancing while travelling in state transport bus system. Because of the pandemic situation, bus transport system allowed only limited number of persons to maintain social distancing. This system does the reservation by following the social distance norm. The unit of reservation system is kept on state transport bus station. Here the passenger can purchase ticket using NFC Card. The passenger swipes the NFC Card and then selects the destination. The seat number will be allocated keeping in mind social distancing norms.

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 2019

To provide a comfort, tension free, straightforward approach of traveling and conjointly to scale back the man power. SRTS involves the effective usage of RFID tags and Reed sensor to make ticketing better, through which the tag holds the identity of the card holder and Reed sensor, comprising a sensor and magnet to determine the distance travelled by the user. RFID Tag can be used by the user for just entering and leaving the bus. Depending on the distance which is travelled by the user, money will be deducted from the card well in advance. An object counter is placed adjacently to detect the number of persons entering the transport vehicle.

Now a days, due to the easy availability of almost all information on the internet these days, students are less motivated to attend the lecture. This project is to simplify attendance recorder system by using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology in the College bus. The systems also have integrated with the RFID Database handling system for a fully functional system. The information from RFID Database handling system will be used for classroom attendance. Basically attendance is manually done and record is maintained in files. Our main idea of approach is to reduce manual work and to automate the attendance system. The attendance system is basically an embedded one. Embedded stands for hardware controlled by software. Here, the software using a Micro-controller controls all the hardware components. The micro-controller plays an important role in the system. The main objective of the system is to uniquely identify and to make attendance for a person. This requires a unique product, which has the capability of distinguishing different person. This is possible by the new emerging technology RFID (Radio Frequency Identification). The main parts of an RFID tag(with unique ID number) and RFID reader(for reading the RFID tag). In this system, RFID tag and RFID reader used are operating at 125KHz. The EEPROM used for storing the details has the capability of storing the details at a time. The PC can be used for restoring all the details of attendance made. This report provides a clear picture of hardware and software used in the system. It also provides an overall view with detailed discussion of the operation of the system. Keyword

Public utility buses are the most commonly used vehicle in a long distance journey passing through provincial and national roads. Problems in bus transactions are being encountered. Usually, the passengers do not have exact amount in paying bus fares and the conductors " method of collection is time-consuming. This project study focuses on the use of available technologies, such as RFID and Android. These are the tools used by the proponents to develop an improved system of bus fare transactions. This system includes an electronic card, which will be used by the passenger to pay for their fares, an RFID reader will also be used to accumulate and to store the information from the card, and an Android operated device, which will process each transaction. This system will be connected via Bluetooth. The software is linked to the hardware as well. The proponents conducted series of tests and concluded that the proposed system is much faster than the existing methods. It is verified as well that it is more capable of performing necessary actions in accumulating bus fares.

Modernization of Indian railways has always been a question in focus for the development of the basic infrastructure of our country. Since the railways represent one of the best modes of transport available to the common people, it would be impossible to just keep increasing the fares to meet costs incurred due to maintenance, the large workforce and the expansion activities. The railways should consider upgrading itself to cutting-edge technologies for better efficiency and cost reduction. One such up gradation is the role of information technology and e-ticketing which is achieved with the help of RFID technology. This RFID technology has been extensively used in the identification process these days with the help of a card and a reader. The idea has evolved from a systematic study of the computerization of railways and the loopholes in the present day system. A simple theoretical model is proposed which when implemented could result in an easier and better management of the tedious ticketing process.

This paper discusses the advantages of using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology embedded in fare smart cards as a transit management and planning aid. It is shown how RFID can be used for systematic collection and analysis of passenger flows, thus providing useful information for transit operations management and short term planning. Additionally, in combination with intelligent transport systems (ITS) technology, RFID can also provide support for infrastructure and fleet management activities, as well as real time information for transit user.