A Three-Level Three-port Bidirectional DC-DC Converter

IET Power Electronics, 2021

This paper introduces a novel bidirectional multi-port DC-DC converter recommended for electric vehicle applications. The proposed structure has three ports with bidirectional features which can be operated in both step-up and step-down modes. This converter can supply the load from two independent voltage sources and can obtain a high voltage conversion ratio in both step-up and step-down operations. The low voltage stress throughout the power switches, high efficiency, and low components count are the characteristics of the proposed topology. For demonstrating the proposed structure's performance, the principle of operation modes, steady-state analysis, and comparison results with other similar works are provided. Finally, an experimental prototype is built with a 120 W power level at 50 kHz operating, which validates the suggested converter's effectiveness and bidirectional trait. The suggested converter's efficiency in boost and buck mode is obtained about 94.2% and 94.37%, respectively that makes this converter to be used in renewable energy systems and electric vehicles with hybrid energy sources.

2022 IEEE 3rd Global Conference for Advancement in Technology (GCAT)

Three port converter (TPC) is an energy efficient interface between energy source, load and energy storage in variety of power conversion applications. Obviously, different topologies of TPCs are required to interface several energy sources and loads as their requirements are different. In view of this, large number of TPCs are reported by researchers for different applications. An investigation in to the features of these topologies and its intended applications is essential to choose or propose a novel TPC for a given application. Therefore, a characteristic overview and detailed study of various types of TPCs reported by researchers forms the content of this paper. Additionally, a comparison of reported topologies of TPC and its multidisciplinary applications are also presented.

2014 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2014

voltage-source (VSC) converter has been the standard solution in medium-voltage range for industrial applications. Recently, the NPC converter structure was improved by adding two extra active switches per phase leg, thus overcoming one of its main drawbacks: the unequal power loss among the power semiconductors. The resulting structure became known as active NPC (ANPC) converter. The high availability of these power converters is mandatory, since their maintenance or replacement imply equipment downtimes incompatible with the requirements of the production processes. The faulttolerant operation of such converters has been addressed in the technical literature, but the main proposed solutions result in more complexity and higher parts count. This work proposes a new fault-tolerant structure for the ANPC IGBT-based converter, using standard devices, with very low additional cost and small complexity. The main goal is to show that the ANPC converter can overcome different and successive failures in its power devices without loss of functionality, before its definitive downtime.

IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications, 2006

Multiport DC-DC converters are of potential interest in applications such as generation systems utilising multiple sustainable energy sources. A family of multiport bidirectional DC-DC converters derived from a general topology is presented. The topology shows a combination of DC-link and magnetic coupling. This structure makes use of both methods to interconnect multiple sources without the penalty of extra conversion or additional switches. The resulting converters have the advantage of being simple in topology and have a minimum number of power devices. The proposed general topology and basic cells show several possibilities to construct a multiport converter for particular applications and provide a solution to integrate diverse sources owing to their flexibility in structure. The system features a minimal number of conversion steps, low cost and compact packaging. In addition, the control and power management of the converter by a single digital processor is possible. The centralised control eliminates complicated communication structures that would be necessary in the conventional structure based on separate conversion stages. A control strategy based on classical control theory is proposed, showing a multiple PIDloop structure. The general topology and a set of three-port embodiments are detailed.

IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2019

A novel fault-tolerant three-level power converter topology, named advanced three-level active T-Type (A3L-ATT) converter, is introduced to increase the reliability of multilevel power converters used in safety-critical applications. This new fault-tolerant multilevel power converter is derived from the conventional T-Type converter topology. The topology has significantly improved the fault-tolerant capability under any open circuit or certain short-circuit faults in the semiconductor devices. In addition, under healthy condition, the redundant

2014 International Power Electronics Conference (IPEC-Hiroshima 2014 - ECCE ASIA), 2014

This paper proposes a novel multiple-input bidirectional DC-DC power converter to interface more than two dc sources of different voltage levels. This finds applications in distributed energy resources (DER), micro grid, and hybrid electric/fuel cell vehicles, where different dc sources of unequal voltage levels need to be connected with bidirectional power flow capability. Converter can be used to operate in both the buck and boost modes with bidirectional power control. It is also possible to independently control power flow when more than two sources are actively transferring power in either direction. This paper presents a power converter topology based on three switching legs of a standard 3-phase inverter module. The operation, analysis and design of the converter are presented with different modes of power transfer. Proposed converter is demonstrated for fuel cell vehicle application using real-time hardware-in-the-Ioop system. Results for a 5kW system are presented validating the theoretical analysis.

2021

The research presents a model of a Microcontroller based differential relay for protection of a transformer with multiple auto close settings. The differential Protection scheme which utilizes the current difference between terminals of the transformer to detect faults is employed utilizing Arduino and Current sensors. Arduino is used to detect the abnormal condition and send the trip signal to electromechanical relay. The circuit is designed in Proteus and results were analyzed in MATLAB. Primary Current of transformer v/s Time plot was found satisfactory. The additions of auto close setting in the relay increase its application to standby transformers and Bus Couplers. A hardware prototype of the same was created. Simulation of a three-phase transformer was also performed on Proteus software.

Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 2020

This research paper presents zero-voltage and zero-current switching method for full-wave three-level DC-DC converters, to reduce power loss due to switching of devices in the DC-DC converter. Principles and methods of reducing power loss for this research will be used to switch devices when turn-on and turn-off by controlling the generation of PWM signals with phase shifting with microcontroller DSPTMS320F28377S. The results, when simulated by MATLAB/Simulink program, compare with the prototype, found that when combined with the non-linear load in the ZVZCS state, the efficiency is equal to 89.90%. Accordingly, connected to the non-linear load in the no-ZVZCS state, the efficiency is equal to 81.20%.

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2023

The DC-DC bidirectional converter has become a promising option for energy storage system and power related systems. The elaborate model of DC-Dc converter leads to shoot through and delay in output. With High concentration on the inductance to reduce the noise is proposed in this project. In this project, the state space averaging method is used to analyse the stability of the topology in boost and buck modes. The proposed structure is reliable because of no shoot-through concerns and high quality of output waveforms can be obtained due to the reduction in pulse width modulation (PWM) dead-time. The Li-battery is charged in constant current and constant voltage mode. A Charging system converts DC Voltage into Battery Storage.

IECON 2011 - 37th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2011

This paper introduces a novel 3-level Voltage Source Converter (VSC) as an alternative to known 3-level topologies, including the conventional Neutral-Point-Clamped Converter (NPCC), many T-type VSCs, and Active NPCC. It is shown that operating in the low converter DC-link voltage range, this new solution can achieve not only higher efficiency than many typical 3-level structures, but can also overcome their drawback of unsymmetrical semiconductor loss distribution. The switching states and commutations of the new converter, named here as Hybrid NPCC, are analyzed and a loss balancing scheme is introduced. New 5-and 7-level VSC topologies with loss balancing features are also presented. I.