Symposium on human performance modeling

Proceedings of the 29th conference on Winter simulation - WSC '97, 1997

Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 2005 IEEE …, 2005

The Man-machine Integrated Design and Analysis System (MIDAS) is an integrated human performance modeling software tool that symbolically represents a human's perceptual, cognitive and motor systems in an integrated fashion to produce emergent, high level behavioral predictions characteristic of actual human performance. MIDAS has been augmented in a number of significant ways to simulate even more realistic simulations of human behavior in various aerospace operational contexts. The effort undertaken in the current project culminated in an agent-based sub model (e.g. slots) that can be used by a variety of models to predict and recreate short-and long-term effects of stressors (fatigue, stress, time pressure, inadequate situation awareness, etc.) on performance in aerospace accidents/incidents causation. A computational simulation demonstrated performance influences brought to task performance by fatigue (as characterized by the Yerkes-Dodson theoretical threshold model) that is incurred while undertaking activities required to complete a goal behavior, and the impact of performance-influencing factors (PIFs) on human performance output by combining this with a primitive based action error vulnerability. This paper discusses the computational development effort undertaken in creating the conceptual relationship and PIF implementation in MIDAS.

During a review of the Advanced Test Reactor safety basis at the Idaho National Laboratory, human factors engineers identified ergonomic and human reliability risks involving the inadvertent exposure of a fuel element to the air during manual fuel movement and inspection in the canal. There were clear indications that these risks increased the probability of human error and possible severe physical outcomes to the operator. In response to this concern, a detailed study was conducted to determine the probability of the inadvertent exposure of a fuel element. Due to practical and safety constraints, the task network analysis technique was employed to study the work procedures at the canal. Discrete-event simulation software was used to model the entire procedure as well as the salient physical attributes of the task environment, such as distances walked, the effect of dropped tools, the effect of hazardous body postures, and physical exertion due to strenuous tool handling. The model also allowed analysis of the effect of cognitive processes such as visual perception demands, auditory information and verbal communication. The model made it possible to obtain reliable predictions of operator performance and workload estimates. It was also found that operator workload as well as the probability of human error in the fuel inspection and transfer task were influenced by the concurrent nature of certain phases of the task and the associated demand on cognitive and physical resources. More importantly, it was possible to determine with reasonable accuracy the stages as well as physical locations in the fuel handling task where operators would be most at risk of losing their balance and falling into the canal. The model also provided sufficient information for a human reliability analysis that indicated that the postulated fuel exposure accident was less than credible.

Advances in human …, 2001

This chapter reviews the ability of the emerging human performance modeling technologies to support the design and operation of complex systems. The ability of existing technologies to meet current application needs is analyzed, and the results are then used to assess the areas where additional research and development is most needed. Following a brief history of human performance modeling, a taxonomy of models and modeling techniques is established, as a framework for remaining discussion. The human performance modeling technology base is separately analyzed for its ability to support system design processing and to support system operation. The system design process analysis considers the various roles that human performance models may play during that 201 process, ranging from generating design concepts to affording simulationbased design evaluation. The system operation analysis also assesses a range of roles, from training to performance support to automation. These analyses demonstrate that human modeling technology has reached a sufficient state of maturity and has become a proven contributor of the complex systems engineering process. Challenges for further high-payoff research are also presented in five categories: cognition, knowledge management, team and organizational structure and processes, predictive models of training, and human-centered systems engineering.

Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting Proceedings

This paper presents a probabilistic approach to modeling human performance. Instead of focusing on mean performance, the effects of taskload on the distributions of performance variables are examined. From such data, probabilities of given levels of performance can be derived and methods of measurement that expand the analyses beyond those of the mean developed. Results from two experiments, one abstract, the other realistic, are presented in terms of timely performance on required tasks. As taskload increased, the participants were less likely to act on the experimental tasks at an earliest opportunity than under low taskload, resulting in increase of 'too late' errors. Measurement of taskload and performance in temporal terms also allowed for bracketing and making inferences about mental workload, which is not directly measurable.

The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggesstions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports,

2013

One of the most important issues in human reliability analysis (HRA) is the analysis of which information get from the task, its uncertainty and its treatment with and accurate technique which lead to a quantification of the performance shaping factors (PSFs) and then to human reliability quantification.

2017

International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing, 2011

This paper presents a computational model of the dynamics of a human's functional state in relation to task performance and environment. It can be used in intelligent systems that support humans in demanding circumstances. The model takes task demand and situational aspects as input and determines internal factors such as the experienced pressure, exhaustion and motivation, and how they affect performance. Simulation experiments under different parameter settings pointed out that the model is able to produce realistic behavior of different types of personalities. Moreover, by a mathematical analysis the equilibria of the model have been determined, and by automated checking a number of expected properties of the model have been confirmed. In addition to the internal validation of the model, an experiment has been designed for the purpose of external validation addressing the estimation of the for the application relevant aspects of the human process. Output from the experiment like personality characteristics and performance quality has been used to perform estimation of the parameters of the model. By the parameter estimation a set of parameter values has been identified by which an adequate representation of a person's functional state when performing a task is achieved.

2015