Incorporating Cognitive Aspects in Digital Human Modeling

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2008

Cognitive Ergonomics is discussed as a systematic base for user interface design. The history of the discipline, explicitly existing now for about 25 years, is discussed, from participatory design, through various flavors of user centered design, to contextual design. Several persistent misunderstandings regarding the need for user interface design are analyzed. The concept of activity centered design is proposed as state of the art approach, and several techniques that support this paradigm are mentioned and illustrated.

… , London, UK, 28-31 August 2007., 2009

Ergonomic methods for biomechanical risk factors assessment during work activity are usually based on human operator's postures and forces while performing the work task. A basic analysis of the task can rely on questionnaires, interviews and video analysis, but a more accurate and comprehensive analysis requires collection of exertion (force sensor and/or electromyography) and posture data (e.g. motion capture technique). Such an analysis entails complex and expensive instrumentation that may hamper task performance. In recent years, an alternative solution appeared with the use of digital human models (DHM) for ergonomics analysis. Actually, using industrial DHM software packages available for ergonomic assessment is usually a complex and time-consuming task. For instance, simulation may be built up like a cartoon through interactive manual positioning of the DHM with mouse, menus and keyboard, which entails expert skills in ergonomics and human motion. One can also use a trac...

Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making, 2007

The field of cognitive engineering and decision making (CEDM) has grown rapidly in recent decades. At this writing, it is the largest technical interest group within the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Work that falls into this area of research and study is also widely practiced across Europe and in countries around the world. Along with this growth, there is a significant need for a peer-reviewed journal that focuses specifically on CEDM as a science and applied discipline. The Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making is intended to meet that need. It will cover current research, theory, and practice in ways that not only provide for the sharing of information across interested parties but also serve to move the field forward. This will advance theoretical bases; address outstanding scientific challenges; set new courses and directions; address methods, measurement, and methodological issues; and show useful applications of this work in the development of operational and training systems in many domains that are of significance to society, government, and business. In this article, we provide background on the CEDM field and its areas of research. We use this as a platform for further specifying the scope of this journal along three technical tracks. Objectives are identified for each track as it supports the overall mission of the journal. Finally, we provide information on an electronic companion to the journal that is intended to support advances in the field through dialogue and access to further resources.

Journal of Universal Computer Science - J.UCS, 2008

Cognitive Ergonomics is a discipline that contributes with its knowledge to construct better machines in the sense of being easier to use by human beings. Cognitive Ergonomists perform a cognitive analysis of interaction to: (1) shorten the time to accomplish interaction tasks; (2) reduce the number of mistakes made by humans; (3) reduce learning time; and (4) improve people's satisfaction with a system. An appropriate methodology for performing this cognitive analysis of interaction could be based on what I call the "Principle of Mutual Dependency" (Cañas et al 2004). This principle determines that: (1) The optimal interface functions will be those that fit the human cognitive functions involved in the task; (2) The human cognitive functions that are involved in the task depend on the interface functions; (3) The modification, replacement, or introduction of a new interface function implies the adaptation of the human cognitive functions; (4) The development (e.g., l...

SN Applied Sciences

Digital human modeling (DHM), a technique of simulating human interaction with the product or workplace in a virtual environment is gaining popularity. This virtual evaluation process is useful in developing user-centered products by incorporating human factor principles at an early design phase, which reduces the design time and improves quality. Application of DHM has gained attention in the design process of the manufacturing industry, agriculture, healthcare sectors, transportation and aviation sectors, etc. However, the use of DHM for designing ergonomic products and work environment for the specially-abled and elderly is quite limited. This, otherwise, is more important as their real-life participation in experiments pertaining to the ergonomic evaluation of any product, workplace or public facility may cause discomfort to them. Moreover, improved products or workplace reduces their dependence on others and enables active involvement in work, communication, and social life. Therefore, an attempt has been made in this paper to explore the state of the art literature review on the applications of DHM based virtual ergonomic approaches to improve products and workplaces designs for specially-abled/elderly. The paper also proposes a way forward to continue research and developmental activities towards the betterment of the quality of life of the elderly and specially-abled persons through proactive and inclusive design strategies.

2019

Copyright © 2019 for this paper by its authors. Computer infiltration into the workplace and society has been extensive, yet the ideals of efficacy, efficiency and satisfaction remain unattained. We propose an ambitious framework to take forward Cognitive Ergonomics and Human Factors. Increasing the visibility of the field while linking and nurturing the practitioners is essential. We define Cognitive Ergonomics as an interdisciplinary field of research and practice dedicated towards: – Understanding and supporting human cognition and performance – At work or when performing other goal-directed tasks – With computers and other engineered artefacts – To improve human well-being and our relationship with our environment. This revitalising programme will be based on: – Interdisciplinary Research – Research-based Policy – Education The proposed interdisciplinary framework will refocus on the classical facets of usability and include work-relevant emotions as well as understanding the mi...

Ergonomics, 1994

2017

The series "Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing" contains publications on theory, applications, and design methods of Intelligent Systems and Intelligent Computing. Virtually all disciplines such as engineering, natural sciences, computer and information science, ICT, economics, business, e-commerce, environment, healthcare, life science are covered. The list of topics spans all the areas of modern intelligent systems and computing. The publications within "Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing" are primarily textbooks and proceedings of important conferences, symposia and congresses. They cover significant recent developments in the field, both of a foundational and applicable character. An important characteristic feature of the series is the short publication time and worldwide distribution. This permits a rapid and broad dissemination of research results.