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The user modeling shell system BGP-MS

Profile image of Alfred KobsaAlfred Kobsa

1994

Abstract

BGP-MS is a user modeling shell system that can assist interactive software systems in adapting to their current users by taking the users' presumed knowledge, beliefs, and goals into account. It offers applications several methods for communicating observations concerning the user to BGP-MS, and for obtaining information on currently held assumptions about the user from BGP-MS.

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User modeling components should include suitable mechanisms for acquiring user models, in addition to representation and management mechanisms. The methods developed to date can be divided into two groups: Those that extract primary assumptions about the user from his/her system input; and those that extract secondary (orderivative) assumptions from primary and other secondary assumptions.

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References (50)

  1. the definition of the 'print-command' dialogue act: (define-d-act :name PRINT-COMMAND :parameters (document) :presupp ((B S (B M (sent-for-printing document)))
  2. B S (B M (W U (printed document
  3. 7. two rules representing the system's knowledge about relationships between the views SBUB and SBUW (where the first rule is context-specific and the second one general): 8doc p B S W U printed-on(doc p) ! B S B U printable-on(doc p)]
  4. B S W U ^BS B U ( ! ))
  5. ! B S W U 8. the declaration that misconceptions of the user (i.e., SBUB entries that are contradictory to entries in partition SB) should be signaled to the application. Now we will have a look at what happens during runtime. Employing the interview question named 'network-experience' (cf. item (2)) the application asks the user how often he uses networked com- puters. He answers by selecting "rarely" from the presented menu of possible answers: (interview-response :id 707 : : : ((:answer "rarely") : : :))
  6. Thereupon, the BGDL expression (B S (network-novice *current-user*)) is passed on to the knowledge categorization component, which stores 'network-novice(*current-user*)' in partition SB. Now the stereotype activation condition for NETWORK-NOVICE is satisfied, so that SBUB is linked to the corresponding stereotype partition and inherits its contents, including the rule in item (3).
  7. Moreover, the application informs BGP-MS about another mutually believed fact concerning domain objects, namely that the document the user is working on ('userdoc') is a plain text document: (bgp-ms-tell (B S (B M (plain-text-document userdoc
  8. BGP-MS enters 'plain-text-document(userdoc)' into partition SBMB. Since the contents of SBMB are inherited by SB, both this fact and the pre-defined fact 'Apple-LW(lw+)' (cf. item (5)) can be used for inferences in view SB as well. By hybrid reasoning, BGP-MS first infers that 'lw+' is a 'PS-Printer'. With the SB rule about printing (cf. item (4)), it can further conclude in SB that 'userdoc' cannot be printed on 'lw+' (see Section 4.5.1): :printable-on(userdoc lw+)
  9. In view SBUB, the rule inherited from NETWORK-NOVICE can be resolved with the pre-defined fact 'office-printer(*current-user*,lw+)' (which is inherited from SBMB, cf. item (5)) to 8doc printed(doc) ! printed-on(doc lw+)]
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