Solar Radiation Potential at Four Sites of Nepal

Consumption after conversion process of Solar Energy at Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India longitude 81.846 (81° 50' east), latitude 25.436 (25° 26' north) depends the variation of Direct, Global and Diffuse component of solar radiation throughout the year. The analysis based estimation of diffuse solar radiation quantitatively wise is very high during the rainy season (last days of June, July and August). From the estimated values it is found that, solar energy can be utilized very efficiently throughout the year with the exception of rainy season. In the paper discusses the monthly averages of sun shine hour and monthly variation of entire solar radiation are estimated.

Entire Solar radiation at Pune, Maharasthra, India longitude 74.15° (74° 9' east), latitude 18.6° (18° 36' north) depends the variation of Direct, Global and Diffuse component of solar radiation throughout the year. Diffuse solar radiation quantitatively wise is high during the rainy season (June, July , August and September). Estimated solar radiation it is observe that solar energy can be utilized very efficiently throughout the year with the exception of rainy season. In the paper discusses the monthly averages of sun shine hour and monthly variation of entire solar radiation are estimated.

Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2014

Solar radiation is the best option and cost effective energy resources of this world from 21st century onwards. In this study monthly, seasonal and annual variation of global solar insolation at Biratnagar, Lukla, Kathmandu, Pokhara, of the year 2007 to 2012, Jumla of the year 2011 to 2012 and Simikot 2011/2012 were carried out. The study has shown the variation of global solar insolation with month, season, year, atmospheric condition, and altitude of the site concerned. The maximum value of monthly, seasonal, and yearly global solar insolation was reported at Jumla whereas the minimum monthly, seasonal, and yearly global solar insolation were observed at Kathmandu. From the observation the abundant solar irradiation in Nepal shows encouraging atmosphere for solar farming venture in near future relating to energy management for Nepal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v9i1.10675Journal of the Institute of Engineering, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 95–106

2013

Solar energy being an unlimited source of energy is rapidly increasing in importance amongst the various energy sources. For the effective and efficient utilization of any solar energy system, the site-specific data on solar radiation are the prime need. In the present communication, we have conducted an analytical study on available solar radiation data at Solar Energy Centre, Gwal Pahari, India. The study is carried out for daily global radiation on horizontal and tilted surface and for direct normal irradiance (DNI). An attempt is also made to analyse the clearness index as it is an important factor for the installation of any solar energy system. Additionally, three statistical parameters – standard deviation, kurtosis and skewness are worked out for these solar radiation parameters. Furthermore, the sunshine hours are computed exploiting the data of DNI. A comparison is also made between the ground measurements and satellitederived data – global and DNI.

Journal of Power and Energy Engineering, 2013

Rational and accurate solar energy databases, essential for designing, sizing and performing the solar energy systems in any part of the world, are not easily accessible in different localities of Nepal. In this study, daily global solar radiation, sunshine hours and meteorological data for Biratnagar, Kathmandu, Pokhara and Jumla have been used to derive the regression constants. The linear regression technique has been used to develop a model for Biratnagar, Kathmandu, Pokhara and Jumla. The model has calculated the global solar radiation for these locations. The values of global solar radiation estimated by the model are found to be in close agreement with measured values of respective sites. The estimated values were compared with Angstrom-Prescott model and examined using the root mean square error (RMSE), mean bias error (MBE), mean percentage error (MPE), coefficient of regression (R), coefficient of determinant (R 2) and correlation coefficient (CC) statistical techniques. Thus, the resultant correlations and linear regression relations may be then used for the locations of similar meteorological/geographical characteristics and also can be used to estimate the missing data of solar radiation for the respective site.

Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2014

The global solar radiation (GSR) and cloud transmittance factor (cf) are measured at the horizontal surface since 2009 using calibrated CMP6 Pyranometer and NILUUV Irradiance Meter at Pokhara (28.22°N, 83.32°E) which is about 800m from the sea level lying just 20km south of the Himalayas. This paper explains the daily, monthly and seasonal variation of global solar radiation and also compared with temperature and rainfall to global solar radiation. The annual average daily global solar radiation is about 4.81 kWh/m 2 /day which is sufficient to promote solar active and passive solar energy technology at sub-Himalaya terrain Pokhara and other similar geographical locations. The correlation coefficient 0.70 is found in between clearness index (K) and cloud transmittance factor (cf). This novel result can be used for location of similar meteorological and geographical characteristics at which solar data are not available.

Bhutan Journal of Natural Resources and Development

This study aimed to explore solar energy potential on a small landscape (campus of the College of Natural Resources) using topography of fine spatial resolution that can detect number of rooftops feasible for harnessing solar energy. Digital elevation model was derived by extracting elevation values from the Google Earth Pro which was then used as input for solar radiation calculation. The total radiation that the campus received was 2,100 kWh over 259 days and the result was validated using power access viewer and global solar atlas databases. The monthly average radiation indicated that October, November, December and January are the radiation peaking months at the college campus. Twenty two rooftops were identified to receive more than or equal to 3.08 kWh/m2/day, while the remaining rooftops receiving less than or equal to 3.08 kWh/m2/day. The college has potential of supplementing power shortage during lean hydro season using the rooftop solar panels.

Himalayan Physics, 2020

Solar radiation data are of great significance for solar energy systems. This study aimed to estimate monthly and seasonal average of daily global solar radiation on a horizontal surface in Pokhara (Lat.:28.21o N, Long.: 84o E and alt. 827 m above sea level), Nepal, by using CMP6 pyranometer in 2015. As a result of this measurement, monthly and yearly mean solar radiation values were 20.37 ±5.62 MJ/m2/ day in May, 11.37 ± 2.38 MJ/m2/ day in December and 16.82 ±5.24 MJ/m2/ day respectively. Annual average of clearness index and extinction coefficient are 0.51±0.14 and 0.53±0.31 respectively. There is positive correlation of maximum temperature and negative correlation of with global solar radiation.

PRZEGLĄD ELEKTROTECHNICZNY, 2015

Availability of solar energy is crucial for most technological solar applications. The objective of this study is to predict monthly average and global solar radiation patterns on Maha Sarakham horizontal surface of Thailand. Two correlation equations have been successfully developed, one from Angstrom model and the other from Liu-Jordan model, with the minimum and maximum clearness index 0.45 and 0.65 for the equation derived from Angstrom model and 0.30 and 0.95 for the equation derived from Liu-Jordan model. Data of sunshine hours as well as global and diffuse solar radiation was collected at the location and was predicted using equations developed from corresponding models. After validation procedure was conducted, the empirical data was then compared to predicted data. It can be concluded that the developed equations can be used to estimate the diffuse and global solar radiation and also indicate the solar energy availability at Maha Sarakham of Thailand with satisfactory level. This obtained knowledge and information can be applied to other locations with the same geographical conditions as well as used in further researches. Streszczenie. Celem artykułu jest prognozowanie przeciętnych miesięcznych i globalnych możliwości systemu solarnego w Tajlandii w miejscowości Maha Sarakham. Opracowano równania korelacyjne bazujące na modelach Angstroma i Liu-Jordana z indeksem przejrzystości powietrza 0.45-0.65 (Angstrom) i 0.30-0.95 (Liu-Jordan). Otrzymane równania pozwalają na prognozowanie wydajno sci systemów słonecznych także w innych geograficznych warunkach. Analiza i prognozowanie możliwości systemu solarnego w Maha Sarakham w Tajlandii