URBAN AND COMMUNITY PLANNING

2005

s of City & Regional Planning Final Projects (Master Thesis Equivalent) Supervised by Dr. Habib Alshuwaikhat Project title Urban Planning Guidelines for Jubail Industrial City December 1990 Student name Ehab Al-Amri Advisor Dr. Habib Alshuwaikhat Abstract Jubail Industrial City built as a new town on a clear land to support petrochemical industry. The city physical plan adopted new planning concepts especially for commercial services under the assumption that the city will reach its target population of 400,000 inhabitants within 25 years from the day construction started. However in 1984 Master Plan Update, the target population was reduced to 270,000 and the completion date have been extended ten more years due to the economic recession confronted Saudi Arabia in 1983. The development policy has been changed from mass production of housing by the government to natural production of houses by the private sector and individuals. The project have dealt with two problems; First the gr...

2012

Planning in the last 60 years has seen a radical change since the discussion of the rational approach that until then was used, but was considered ineffective. This generates a number of approaches that seek for a better answer to the needs of planning, such as comprehensive rational planning, which keeps the deliberative rationality, but includes social and economic system designs, then comes the advocacy planning that suggests that planners have to give voice and strength to excluded social groups affected by planning. Transactive planning begins a process of change of rationality by raising the need for planning to unite the expertise and experiential knowledge that may become more focused on action and social learning. Finally, it gives way to the communicative and collaborative planning which starts from communicative rationality, in which dialogue and built consensus for a real planning becomes more important. The latter approach is immersed in postmodern thought, which has included a series of concepts in the planning to make it more effective, this is how the inclusion concepts and dialogue, politics, responsibility and ethics, context and multiculturalism emerge. All these concepts are born of postmodern philosophy through authors such as Habermas (1987), Levinas (1969) and Derrida (1997) among others. After this review, we can conclude that the paradigm shift in the planning starts from the change of deliberative rationality based on reason and scientific method to the communicative rationality that is based on the premise that truth is a social construct, this raises the need Cities as Physical spaces Cities as Systems Sociological process Economic process Problem Alternatives Criteria Objectives 3.1.

Assessment of the Applied Regulations on the Urban Form in Neighborhood, Duhok City, 2022

2020

The book concludes with a synthesized analysis of urban planning in Southern cities, with a particular focus on medium sized cities that play a role of intermediation between their suburban and rural environments and the whole urban network. Starting from the literature on the topic, as presented mainly in Chaps. 2 and 3, we will compare the conceptual advances, as well as the statistical and global data, with the results of the fieldwork carried out in three cities chosen to tackle this theme in specific local and regional contexts. This brings us to highlight the similarities and differences between each urban situation, in order to draw the main lessons that emerge from the analysis. We are able to decrypt the constraints that cities-their authorities, their administrations and their populations-face. And whether or not these restrictions hinder the implementation of a coherent urban planning system. It is on this basis that we will be able to identify the key elements that represent the pillars of an alternative version of urban planning to that which exists (when it exists!), in terms of foundations and guiding principles, objectives and methods used to achieve them, content and instructions. Planning can thus become a real instrument to guide and to manage the city and its region. We recall that urban planning, as we envisage it, is not only a technical exercise dealing with the territory, in the spatial and geographical sense of the definition, but truly an approach aimed at integrating societal issues into a planning process. Planning thus clearly contributes to moving towards a city that is not only socially and economically inclusive, but also sustainable, in which social and economic factors are rooted in the preservation of natural resources, within the framework of participatory and democratic public policies.

2019

Kigali is the capital city of Rwanda which is divided into 3 districts namely: Nyarugenge, Kicukiro and Gasabo. It has an area of 731km2 ,35 sectors and 161 cells.The aim of this paper was to address the relevance of Smart Growth Principles as a key factor contributing to the sustainability of Kigali city development. Nowadays increasing growth of urbanisation and urbananism has led to many problems like traffic congestion, urban sprawl, air pollution and many others. Along these problems the idea of smart growth principles emerged as response to them in various cities particularly those from developing countries. The smart growth is one of the recently method of urban design and planning that is providing strategies and policies in urban planning and urban design to create optimal space and urban realize maximum quality. Smart growth could manage regional planning, urban design, physical design, architecture, environmental design as landscape, which represents its serious effects for the coming future generations based on social development. The results of this paper represent that the application of smart growth principles within Kigali city was still an issue due to the rapid urbanization, urban sprawl and Kigali city land use master plan which was actually not yet implemented and the linkages/differences between smart growth and sustainable development is also addressed in this paper. Although smart growth principles seem to be not yet implemented in Kigali the city officials and stakeholders had been now aware about the revitalization and innovations plan for the city of Kigali. Keywords: Smart growth, sustainable city, urban design, urban planning, urban sprawl.

Cities are common grounds which provide living environments for everyone. A sustainable living environment can exist by means of social diversity, accessibility, high spatial quality and multifunctional utilization. Istanbul is a major global city which hosts a large variety of cultures, religions, and societies because of its historical heritage. This important element is one of the main factors which contributed to the current chaotic structure of the city. Esenler district in Istanbul has rapidly gone under a serious transformation mainly caused by changes in the social structure as a result of heavy inflow of migrants and the production of a building stock of questionable quality caused by unplanned urbanization. Besides all these issues, earthquakes are another major risk factor for most of the settlements in Istanbul. Within this context, Esenler region has been chosen as an important urban transformation area in Istanbul. To achieve sustainable urbanization, an organized urban transformation emerges as a great opportunity for this part of the city. Esenler Şehir Düşünce Merkezi (Center of Urban Intelligence -CUI) is a think-tank platform for conducting urban studies bringing together academic knowledge and governmental practice with the support of Esenler Municipality. The purpose of this study is to discuss and evaluate the contribution of the center to urban sustainability in terms of structure, workflow, and functionality. Through interdisciplinary events and publications, the CUI focuses on establishing a livable and sustainable urban texture in Esenler where uncontrolled urban transformation might have unrecoverable and destructive impacts. "Spatial Sociology and Sociological Master Plan", "Urban and Social Policies", "Creating a Sustainable Habitat", "Friendly Cities Workshops" can be listed among the studies conducted by the Center. Within this context, the study aims to present guidelines for urban transformation in Esenler with the help of implementing distinct innovative studies by applying scientific and academic studies into urban practice.

Politecnico Di Milano, 2018

Urban Growth is one of the major problems facing developing countries today, cities are growing exponentially especially in the developing countries. The rapid increase in population overburden governments with a need to a fast solution to manage cities growth and its problems – urban sprawl (slums) on cities periphery, driving governments to adopt unstudied urban policies that either tries to manage the cities expansions or direct the growth expansion. The most common policy used in the developing country is the New Town Policy, influenced by the British New Town Act in 1946. New Town Policy is used as a tool to direct growth. Egypt has been applying New Town Policy since the 1970s till today. The Egyptian attempt of Directing growth have not proven any success until today, it has undergone various policy shifts that drifted the policy from its original target. However, the New Cities had encountered a high vacancy rate since their first implementation, while on the other hand informal areas continue to grow around Egyptian cities. In 2015 the government announced 44 new towns to be implemented, which urged the need to evaluate the success of the existing New Towns in meeting their objectives. The research focused on the ineffectiveness approach of New Town Policy in directing urban growth in Egypt. The study aims to outline Egypt’s current New Town Policy status and issues rising from the inefficient urban management and autocracy of planning institutions. In addition, finding some guidelines to improve the current situation is a supplementary target of this research.

SAMBRIDHI, a Development Journal of Center for Development Studies, 2012

Human settlements evolved from primitive villages to towns, then to the classic cities and shaped by war, trade, religion, politics and the natural environment. Cities are probably the most complex things that human have ever created. They are the wellsprings of culture, technology, wealth and power. People have a love-hate relationship with cities. Like natural ecosystems, our cities have largely been the result of conflict and adaptation and powerful forces beyond our control. Cities have been centers of democracy, creativity and economic activity from the earliest times. The density and agglomeration are essential for productivity and growth. For the first time in history more than half the world’s people live in cities. Nearly two billion new urban residents are expected in the next decade and the urban population of South Asia is likely to be doubled. This raises questions about proper management of urban affairs, and urbanization, urban planning and development in particular. So, “urbanization” becomes an issue to tackle. For many, the question is not how to hold urbanization—it is how to prepare for it, reaping the benefits of economic growth associated with urbanization while reducing congestion, crime, informality and slums. Urbanization, if properly managed through the proper planning and designing of denser, more compact cities that increase businesses and industries, improves urban conditions, as demonstrated by many successful programs around the world. Urban planning is a relatively recent discipline to deal with a vast and complex array of urban problems, which we still don't completely understand. Throughout history, we haven't been very successful for better management of urbanization and planning our cities. Therefore, this write-up is prepared for sharing my thoughts on urbanization, urban development and planning and makes a call for a broad base, scaled-up approach focusing on policies, planning and actions that can help to make local voice collective and heard to insist a collective actions to make a difference and create well-governed and better managed livable cities in Nepal.