Distribution of soil arthropods in different ecosystems of Assam

International Journal of Experimental Research and Review (IJERR), 2016

Sampling was conducted at four different sites i.e., an agricultural field, a river basin, a brick field and a forest floor from the district of Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal, India. Though abundance was higher at the forest site, the group diversities during summer, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons were highest at the river basin. Site-specific and temporal variation of abundance was significant among the sites (p<0.05).

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2017

Journal of Applied and Natural Science

Soil organisms are an integral part of agricultural ecosystems and are essential for the maintenance of healthy productive soils. Little is known about soil arthropods assemblages in shifting cultivation system. Therefore, we compared the diversity of soil macroarthropods in shifting cultivation (EXPTL) system and its adjacent natural forest (CTRL) ecosystem in Mizoram, northeast India and assessed the impact of shifting cultivation on the diversity. The study was conducted from 2013 to 2015, and the period was divided as pre-cultivation, cultivation and post-cultivation phases. Traditional shifting cultivation was practised in EXPTL site in the year 2014. Sampling was done by handpicking and digging from a quadrat (25×25×30 cm) located at least 10 m apart at monthly intervals. Specimens were preserved in 4% formalin and were identified up to the lowest possible taxa. A total of 97 taxa of arthropods belonging to five classes were recorded. 88 taxa and 48 taxa were recorded in CTRL ...

Soil is a living, dynamic ecosystem. Healthy soil is packed with microscopic and larger organisms that perform many vital functions including converting dead and decaying matter as well as minerals to plant nutrients. Different soil organisms feed on different organic substrates. Their biological activity depends on the organic matter supply. Nutrient exchanges between organic matter, water and soil are essential to soil fertility and need to be maintained for sustainable production purposes. Where the soil is exploited for crop production without restoring the organic matter and nutrient contents and maintaining a good structure, the nutrient cycles are broken, soil fertility declines and the balance in the agro-ecosystem is destroyed. Soil organic matter - the product of on-site biological decomposition - affects the chemical and physical properties of the soil and its overall health. Soil ecosystem supports a complex of animal communities of which soil arthropods were of prime importance since they constitute the major component of soil mesofauna in all types of soils. The soil arthropods includes a variety of mites, collembolans, pseudoscorpions, centipedes, millipedes, symphylans, diplurans, proturans, hymenopterans, coleopterans etc. they play an important role in releasing nutrients and improve productivity within the forest ecosystem (less disturbed ecosystem) by decomposition process. Mostly they are present with numerically abundant in the undisturbed, natural forest. Among the soil arthropod Acarina and Collembola are the most diverse as well as abundant group. The present article reviews the research work done in this field with reference to India. A detail account of update distribution of acarines and collembolans (bulk of the soil fauna) and their ecology was given.

Meru Betiri National Park (MBNP) is one of the nature conservation area that has the potential of flora, fauna, and ecosystems that could develop as a nature-based tourism attraction. The existence of certain indicator species was related to estimation of stress level and disturbance on ecosystem stability for making strategic decisions about the restoration in this area. One of the important indicator species at forest ecosystem were soil arthropods. Aim this research were analyzed composition and diversity of soil arthropods at Rajegwesi, MBNP areas. The methods in this research used pitfall trap, measurement of distribution structure and soil arthropods composition based on the Shannon -Wiener index, Morisita similarity index and Importance Value Index (IVI). The number of families and individuals of soil arthropods found in the coastal area of Rajegwesi consists of 10 order with 21 families (702 individual). The number of individuals of the order Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Collembola and Araneida was more widely found. Soil arthropods diversity index on each land use indicated that soil arthropod diversity in these areas were moderate. Soil arthropod community of orchards and forest had a similarity of species composition, whereas soil arthropod community of savanna had a similarity of species composition with paddy fields.

The research was conducted to inventory and identify as well as acknowledge the correlation between vegetation type with soil arthropods in the Green Barrier area of PT Pusri. PT. Pusri green Barrier area is 28 hectares and dominated by 10 types of vegetation, such as, the Angsana (Pterocarpus indicus Wild), Bambu (Bambusa Sp), Beringin (Ficus benyamina), Buah Roda (Hura crepitans L), Jati (Tectona grandis L), Kelampayan (Neolamarckia cadamba) , Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L), Mahony (Swietenia macrophylla King), Pulai (Alstonia scholaris), and Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L). Soil arthropods were collected by using pit fall traps and funnel-barlese tullgren in every type of vegetation, between July-August 2015. Identification of arthropod genera Identification has been done in Entomology Laboratory of the Agriculture Plant Disease Faculty Sriwijaya University, and analysis of soil organic in the Laboratory of Soil Faculty of Agriculture Sriwijaya University. The results were obtained into 3 classes of soil arthropods belonging to the 10 orders, 28 families and 35 genera. The diversity index value of soil arthropods in various types of vegetation is classified moderately (H= 1-3), and no type of soil arthropods were dominant, mean that soil arthropods with different types spread over in the various types of vegetation in the area of Green Barrier PT. Pusri. Light intensity abiotic factors play an important role in the life of the soil arthropod communities in vegetation Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L) with a correlation coefficient 1.00 Keywords: soil arthropods, community structure, a biotic factors, Green Barrier PT. Pusri

Indian Journal of Ecology , 2013

Laboratory experiments were conducted in the white grub laboratory, Department of Entomolo9y. Assam Agricultural University Jorhat, Assam to extract the sol arthropod from matured earthen and concrete floor composts. The soil athropod were extracted by using Tullgren funnel with 40 watt electric bulbs at high light intensity and operated upto 72 hours. The population of soil arthropod extracted from earthen floor compost (40086.90/sq. m) was found to be higher as compared to compost with concrete floor (24603.60 sq.m). In both the composts, the highest population of extraction of soil arthropod (9574.80 and 6484.20/sq.m from earthen and concrete floor composts respectively) was recorded in the month of October and the lowest population of soil arthropod (3272.40 and 2030.10 sq.m from earthen and concrete floor composts respectively) floor compost showed positively significant correlation with compost temperature and moisture. Similarly, the population of soil arthropd from concrete floor compost showed positively significant correlation with compost temperature but with that of compost moisture exhibited positive but non-significant relationship. Various soil arthropod like collembolans. soil mites, pseudoscorpions, ants, larvae earwigs and many unidentified species were recorded from both the composts. In both the composts, the maximum populations of collembolans (5423.70 and 2969.40/sq. m tor earthen and concrete floor composts respectively) and sil mites (3211.80 and 2060.40sa.m for earthen and concrete filoor composts respectively) were recorded in the month of October and the lowest populations were found during Januay. The populations of collembolans and sol mites observed during January were found to be 1575.60 and 757.50/sq.m respectively for earthen floor compost and that of concrete floor compost were found to be 999.90 and 515.10/sq.m respectively s recorded during January. The population of soil arthropod from earthen

Journal of Tropical Life Science

A study on soil arthropod abundance, diversity and composition have been done on November 2016 to March 2017 using pitfall traps. The objective of this study is to analyze variations of the soil arthropod abundance, diversity and composition among different habitats in a university forest. The study was carried out in Universitas Brawijaya Forest (UBF) Malang, East Java (7°49'S, 112°34'E, 1,200 m in altitude), consisted of four locations: an agroforestry (AF), a gallery forest (GF), the pine stands (PS) and a settlement yard (SY). At each site, a total of 10 traps (5 by 2 rows) were placed systematically at 4-m intervals. Glass cups (10 cm in diameter and 7 cm deep) were buried in the ground during 24 hours. There were 2286 individuals of arthropod collected from all sampling locations. Overall the samples collected consist of 41 families of arthropods. The abundance (mean ± SE) of soil arthropod was highest in PS and the lowest in SY. Statistically, variations in abundance among locations were significant (F = 7.39, p < 0.01). The taxa richness of arthropod was highest in GF and the lowest in SY. Statistically, variations in taxa richness among locations were significant (F = 4.26, p < 0.05). The diversity was the highest in the GF (1.9 ± 0.1) lowest in the SY (0.74 ± 0.1). Statistically, variations in diversity among study sites were significant (F = 26.73, p < 0.001). In general, scavenger dominated the composition of soil arthropods. The highest proportion of scavenger abundance present in SY was 84.9%, while the lowest in the GF was 29.3%. The highest litter transformer composition in GF was 33.9%, and the lowest in SY was 8%. The highest decomposer in PS was 26.9% and the lowest in AF was 12.9%. The highest predator in AF was 20.7% and the lowest in SY was 1%. Compositions of soil arthropod were affected by environmental factors such as soil temperature and light intensity.

Environment and Ecology, 2013

Laboratory experiments were conducted in the white grub laboratory, Department of Entomology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam to extract the soil arthropod from matured earthen and concrete floor composts. The soil arthropod were extracted by using Tullgren funnel with 40 watt electric bulbs at high light intensity and operated upto 72 hours. The population of soil arthropod extracted from earthen floor compost (40086.90/sq.m) was found to be higher as compared to compost with concrete floor (24603.60/ sq.m). In both the composts, the highest population of extraction of soil arthropod (9574.80 and 6484.20/sq.m from earthen and concrete floor composts respectively) was recorded in the month of October and the lowest population of soil arthropod (3272.40 and 2030.10/ sq.m from earthen and concrete floor composts respectively) was recorded during January. The population of soil arthropod from earthen floor compost showed positively significant correlation with compost temp...

Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies & Management, 2021

Microarthropods have been found to be of immense advantage to soil fertility and plant life. Their abundance and diversity therefore are largely dependent on the presence of organic matters. Hence, the influence of floristic composition on abundance and species diversity of microarthropods were surveyed in soils under Secondary Forest, Gmelina arborea, Tectona grandis and Leuceana leucocephala plantations in Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta. Soil samples from the four land use types were collected randomly for the study. A total of 13,811 individuals of microarthropods (distributed among 74 taxonomic groups) were recorded in the studied habitats. A total of 46 mite groups were identified in four orders (Oribatida (18), Gamasida (8), Actinedida (7) and Collembola (13)). Twenty-eight other groups of microarthropods were also identified. Soil microarthropods abundance was highest (29.78%) in the Secondary forest while Gmelina, Leuceana and Tectona plantations had 28.40%, 20.96% and 20.85% respectively. Among the microarthropods identified, 46.02% belongs to oribatids family, 15.28% (Collembola), 5.78% (Gamasids), 3.01% (Actinedids) while the remaining 29.90% was classified under other microarthropods. Highest number (30.77%) of oribatid mites occurred in Gmelina plantation while the least (18.88%) in Leuceana. Collembola was found to be highest in Leuceana (32.51%) and lowest in Tectona (17.91%). Gamasid had the highest number in the Secondary forest (38.47%) and the least in Tectona plantation (11.15%). In Actinedid, highest number was found in Tectona (35.10%) while the least was in Gmelina (14.90%). Other arthropods that were classified occurred most in Gmelina (29.93%) while the least in Leuceana (17.49%). Dominance and diversity index for microarthropod count was highest in the secondary forest (19, 0.075) while the Leuceana (17) and Tectona (0.088) plantations recorded the least dominance and diversity respectively. Although chemical analysis showed that soil in the secondary forest were richer, physico-chemical parameters of the soil indicated that influence of soil properties on the distribution of microarthropods in the secondary forest and also, in the plantations were not significantly. Soil moisture content and microarthropods were significantly correlated at p<0.05. The relationship between pH and microarthropod abundance and diversity showed that they are significantly (p<0.05) correlated. The soil temperature of the study sites (27.26 to 28.15 0 C) was moderate for arthropods to thrive. This study confirmed that land use types influence diversity of soil mites. Hence adoption of land use types that conserve soil mites by the foresters will help promote ecosystem productivity.