A Lightweight Algorithm to Protect the Web of Things in IOT

Electronics

We are at the beginning of the age of the Internet of things. Soon, we will be surrounded by smart homes, cities, and infrastructure. To achieve this vision, millions of devices will have to be able to communicate with each other. The demands for communication channels will increase significantly. An increasing amount of data will be transmitted with a requirement of minimal delay. The capacities of transmission systems can be quickly depleted. Building new communication channels is very time consuming but also financially demanding. To maximize existing infrastructure, we should pay attention today to the issue of transmitted data. One of the ways is to focus attention on reducing the volume of transmitted data. In this paper, we present a method of reducing the volume of data transmission between a server and an IoT device, focusing on the bandwidth, transmission security, and system resources of the IoT device. The required reduction is achieved by data compression and replacing ...

International journal of simulation: systems, science & technology, 2020

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) network, the threats of information insecurity are increasing so there have been many proposals for IOT security, however, so far there is no one that is truly effective and comprehensive. In our previous research, we have focused on Lightweight encrypt, with the primary goal of simplifying loops of encryption algorithms, reducing computation requirements, and reducing energy consumption, the system is still safe, integrated into the new protocols of the IoT network. In this article, we proposed a comprehensive security solution including the improved DTLS in Transmission Layer, the improved Quark and the improved Overhearing in Sensor Layer. Our solution include location diagram, improvements to decrease resource consumption of the DTLS and the Quark for adapting to low-energy network. After proposed theoretical basis, our team set up simulating experiments in Contiki Operating System to deploy comprehensive security including DTLS, Quark and Overhearing as well as simulate a DoS Attack by Botnet and UDP Flood. Our team measuring criterions of WSN performance such as PDR, Latency and Energy Consumption and the their results proved the stable operation of WSN with installing this comprehensive security solution and suffering a simulated DoS Attack.

In Internet of Things (IoT), the huge connectivity of devices and massive data on the air have made information liable to different type of attacks. Cryptographic algorithms are used to provide confidentiality and maintain the integrity of the data. Lightweight cryptography could be a developing term which secures the information in an improved way utilizing low assets and giving higher throughput, conservativeness and having low power utilization. Lightweight algorithms are for the foremost part utilized as part of IoT innovation more model security with least memory and power utilization. The primary goal of cryptography is to secure the information specified lone the sender and beneficiary can determine and work the information and no other pariah or intruder can perceive or operate it.

IoT has revolutionized the Smart Home Environment with all of its features, tools, and technologies, and its easily modifiable and scalable environment. The use of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has become very common these days, being present in almost every home. Internet of Things (IoT), to define it, is a huge network of interconnected gadgets which can gather data of the surroundings in which they operate. As this technology requires a connection to the internet, data transfer among components may not always be secure. This insecure data may be subject to attack at any moment. To prevent this, the use of cryptographic algorithms is necessary. But to the low processing power of an IoT Processor, conventional cryptographic algorithms may be deemed too heavy a burden on the performance. Therefore, the use of lightweight cryptography is required. Lightweight Cryptography, much like conventional cryptography, encrypts and decrypts data using specific algorithms and with the use of a key. The differences are only in the performance and optimization. Lightweight cryptography runs much faster than conventional. This lightweight cryptography may sometimes lack security. Therefore, the paper proposes the hybridization of a conventional algorithm and a lightweight algorithm. This algorithm will possess a high performance in terms of execution time.

2018

The rapid industrial and technological development along with the continues need to improve lifestyle have led to the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) as a service. Due to its nature, there are a huge amount of data been transmitted over IoT in every minute. Considering security aspects of such a huge data, with limited resources including bandwidth and energy, requires an innovative way of securing such as data driven environment. This study aims to propose a low-cost encryption algorithm (NVLC) to handle a low-cost Radio-frequency Identification (RFID) tags and sensors within IoT environment. NVLC is a symmetric block cipher with a 64-bit block size data and 80-bit/128-bit for the secret key. Although 6 rounds of NVLC is enough to maintain data security, however, we are applying 20 rounds to increase data security and complexity of decryption. This paper uses a substitution-permutation network within NVLC as a uniform architecture of cryptography. NVLC has been designed and implemented using a combination of mathematical and logical and methods considering the requirement of IoT lightweight devices and infrastructure. The proposed cipher was shown the security evaluation, software, and hardware experiments to it, and results show that compares to other lightweight block ciphers. NVLC has an advantage in the term used low cost of gate equivalents (GE), used only 1134GE.

IRO Journal on Sustainable Wireless Systems

Digitalization rapidly connected the entire world. Everyday an enormous volumes of digital data produced by billions of intelligent devices which requires safe transmission over internet. If we look into embedded environment, handling massive volume of data is impractical for low power and low memory devices which leads to lightweight concept. The proposed lightweight model includes many symmetric key sequentially. The model follows fiestel network structure where 64 bits input block divided by two 32 bits blocks. Then every half undergoes through various symmetric key algorithms like TE (Triangular Encryption), RPPT (Recursive Pared Parity Technique), RPSPNC( Recursive Positional Substitution on Prime-Nonprime of Cluster), TB(Transformation of Bits) and bits rotation process. A triangular bit sequence generated by TE and from there various encryption as well as decryption techniques[1] have generated by reading bits in a certain order. RPPT encrypts bits by executing logical OR of ...

International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science, 2017

Due to the increasing demand of interconnected devices has led to the world "internet of things" which transform the real world into the virtual objects. After 1991 there is a great change in human life, industry and organization due to the development of interconnected devices which leads to speed up processes, reduce errors, and prevent theft to make automation in all areas. IoT covers wide range of applications like smart transport, smart health, smart city, smart farming and many more due to the increasing components in the IoT some components are unattended so it is easy to attack them. The combination of network, things and services IoT needs to be secured and privacy issues are the main concern. In this paper, a survey on evolution of IoT network, their attacks, and on the basis of application survey is done. From the survey, found that cryptographic techniques have been applied to secure the data on IoT. The IoT devices are resource constraint devices so conventional algorithms performance not efficient so lightweight algorithms required. Also, in this paper comparative analysis is done on lightweight algorithms.

Wireless Personal Communications, 2020

In Internet of Things (IoT), the massive connectivity of devices and enormous data on the air have made information susceptible to different type of attacks. Cryptographic algorithms are used to provide confidentiality and maintain the integrity of the information. But small size, limited computational capability, limited memory, and power resources of the devices make it difficult to use the resource intensive traditional cryptographic algorithms for information security. In this scenario it becomes impertinent to develop lightweight security schemes for IoT. A thorough study on the lightweight cryptography as a solution to the security problem of resource-constrained devices in IoT has been presented in this work. This paper is a comprehensive attempt to provide an in-depth and state of the art survey of available lightweight cryptographic primitives till 2019. In this paper 21 lightweight block ciphers, 19 lightweight stream ciphers, 9 lightweight hash functions and 5 variants of elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) has been discussed i.e. in total 54 LWC primitives are compared in their respective classes. The comparison of the ciphers has been carried out in terms of chip area, energy and power, hardware and software efficiency, throughput, latency and figure of merit (FoM). Based on the findings it can be observed that AES and ECC are the most suitable for used lightweight cryptographic primitives. Several open research problems in the field of lightweight cryptography have also been identified.

Computers, Materials & Continua

The advancements made in Internet of Things (IoT) is projected to alter the functioning of healthcare industry in addition to increased penetration of different applications. However, data security and private are challenging tasks to accomplish in IoT and necessary measures to be taken to ensure secure operation. With this background, the current paper proposes a novel lightweight cryptography method for enhance the security in IoT. The proposed encryption algorithm is a blend of Cross Correlation Coefficient (CCC) and Black Widow Optimization (BWO) algorithm. In the presented encryption technique, CCC operation is utilized to optimize the encryption process of cryptography method. The projected encryption algorithm works in line with encryption and decryption processes. Optimal key selection is performed with the help of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tool named BWO algorithm. With the combination of AI technique and CCC operation, optimal security operation is improved in IoT. Using different sets of images collected from databases, the projected technique was validated in MATLAB on the basis of few performance metrics such as encryption time, decryption time, Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), CC, Error, encryption time and decryption time. The results were compared with existing methods such as Elliptical Curve cryptography (ECC) and Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) and the supremacy of the projected method is established.

2021 22nd International Arab Conference on Information Technology (ACIT), 2021

The Internet of Things (IoT) has enabled a wide range of sectors to interact effectively with their consumers in order to deliver seamless services and products. Despite the widespread availability of (IoT) devices and their Internet connectivity, they have a low level of information security integrity. A number of security methods were proposed and evaluated in our research, and comparisons were made in terms of energy and time in the encryption and decryption processes. A ratification procedure is also performed on the devices in the main manager, which is regarded as a full firewall for IoT devices. The suggested algorithm's success has been shown utilizing low-cost Adriano Uno and Raspberry Pi devices. Arduous Uno has been used to demonstrate the encryption process in low-energy devices using a variety of algorithms, including Enhanced Algorithm for Data Integrity and Authentication (EDAI) and raspberry, which serves as a safety manager in low-energy device molecules. A variety of enhanced algorithms used in conjunction with Blockchain software have also assured the security and integrity of the information. These findings and discussions are presented at the conclusion of the paper.