GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING SERVICES NATIONAL SECURITY

Nutrients

Micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs) occur as a result of insufficient intake of minerals and vitamins that are critical for body growth, physical/mental development, and activity. These deficiencies are particularly prevalent in lower-and middle-income countries (LMICs), falling disproportionately on the poorest and most vulnerable segments of the society. Dietary diversity is considered the most effective method in reducing this deficiency but is often a major constraint as most foods rich in micronutrients are also expensive and thereby inaccessible to poorer members of society. In recent years, affordable commodities such as staple foods (e.g., cereals, roots, and tubers) and condiments (e.g., salt and oil) have been targeted as “vehicles” for fortification and biofortification. Despite efforts by many countries to support such initiatives, there have been mixed experiences with delivery and coverage. An important but little understood driver of success and failure for food fortifi...

Global Mental Health

Although mental health (MH) services and psychological support are tailored to fit the MH needs of those requiring these services in the UK, underutilisation persists. Current evidence suggests that ethnic minorities underutilise MH services with culture implicated in this trend. However, there is limited evidence from systematic reviews integrating the findings of primary studies on the role of culture in MH service utilisation among ethnic minorities. This review aims to synthesise and summarise evidence on the role of culture in MH service utilisation among ethnic minorities in the UK. Two reviewers searched CINAHL, APA PsycINFO and Medline databases using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Two other reviewers screened the abstracts and full text, while three conducted data extraction and assessed study quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist for qualitative studies. One's culture was repeatedly identified to play a ...

Acta Innovations, 2020

This paper provides a systematic review of the methodologies used to evaluate the visual impacts of surface mining. The main objectives are: (a) to analyse the scientific literature and identify the most important issues and the methods and tools used; (b) to conduct an analysis using descriptive of statistical methods and qualitative interpretation; and (c) to evaluate the state of knowledge on this particular topic and identify gaps in the literature, to suggest future research directions. The findings of the analysis suggest that there is no single method capable of integrating all dimensions of the landscape and, thus, future research should put more emphasis on incorporating as many factors contributing to the visual impact of mining as possible towards developing holistic approaches.

Genes

Beta-lactam (BL) antibiotics are among the drugs commonly related to hypersensitivity reactions. Several candidate gene studies and genome-wide association studies have reported associations of genetic variants and hypersensitivity reactions induced by BL antibiotics. However, the results were inconclusive. This protocol details a comprehensive systematic review of genetic factors associated with BL-induced hypersensitivity. A systematic search of literature related to genetic associations of BL-induced hypersensitivity will be performed through PubMed, Medline, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, and the Cochrane central register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) from their inception dates with no language restrictions. Two reviewers will independently screen, extract, and appraise the risk of bias. Frequencies of genetic variants that comply with Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium will be extracted and pooled. Genetic models will be applied to variant effect calculation as per allele and...

Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders

Objective This systematic review aims to investigate the key socio-cognitive determinants associated with adherence/non-adherence to insulin treatment in late adolescents and young adults in the age range of 17–24 years with T1D. Methods A pre-specified search strategy will be used to search for studies in the electronic databases and citation indexes: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and PsycINFO. Two researchers will screen the title and the abstract independently, then will read and critically appraise the full text of each included study. A third independent reviewer will resolve disagreements in data extraction until consensus. Data will be extracted using the Population, Exposure, Outcomes, Study characteristics framework. Study selection will follow the updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews (PRISMA 2020) and will take place from 15 October 2021 to 1 January 2022. The methodological quality and risk of bias of the observational studies will be assessed by the JBI C...

PeerJ

Background Big data and data analysis methods and models are important tools in food security (FS) studies for gap analysis and preparation of appropriate analytical frameworks. These innovations necessitate the development of novel methods for collecting, storing, processing, and extracting data. Methodology The primary goal of this study was to conduct a critical review of agricultural big data and methods and models used for FS studies published in peer-reviewed journals since 2010. Approximately 130 articles were selected for full content review after the pre-screening process. Results There are different sources of data collection, including but not limited to online databases, the internet, omics, Internet of Things, social media, survey rounds, remote sensing, and the Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database. The collected data require analysis (i.e., mining, neural networks, Bayesian networks, and other ML algorithms) before data visualization using P...

Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences, 2021

Background: Stroke is one of the major causes of chronic physical disability in the United Kingdom, typically characterized by unilateral weakness and a loss of muscle power and movement coordination. When combined with pre-existing comorbidities such as cardiac disease and diabetes, it results in reductions in cardiovascular (CV) fitness, physical activity levels, functional capacity, and levels of independent living. High-intensity training protocols have shown promising improvements in fitness and function for people with stroke (PwS). However, it remains unclear how intensity is defined, measured, and prescribed in this population. Further, we do not know what the optimal outcome measures are to capture the benefits of intensive exercise.Aim: To understand how intensity is defined and calibrated in the stroke exercise literature to date and how the benefits of high-intensity training in PwS are measured.Methods: A rapid review of the literature was undertaken to provide an evide...

CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, 2021

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death and morbidity worldwide especially in industrialized countries. 1 TBI has become a major public health concern with a global prevalence that has escalated to almost 27.08 million people in 2016 as reported by the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) study. 2 The study also stated that about 8.1 million people were living with long-term disability caused by TBI, mainly due to falls and motor vehicle accidents. Traumatic brain injury has also been alarmingly related to a number of adverse long-term effects, including elevated risk toward long-term complications such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Dementia Pugilistica, and posttraumatic epilepsy. 3 TBI is comprised of two phases which are the primary and secondary injury phase. The primary injury phase is the initial impact encountered from the external mechanical force that results in blood vessel damage, axonal tearing, 4 cell death at the injury site, blood-brain barrier disruption, presence of edema, and generation of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). 5

BMJ open quality, 2022

Background Long-term sustained improvement following implementation of hospital-wide quality and safety initiatives is not easily achieved. Comprehensive theoretical and practical understanding of how gained improvements can be sustained to benefit safe and high-quality care is needed. This review aimed to identify enabling and hindering factors and their contributions to improvement sustainability from hospital-wide change to enhance patient safety and quality. Methods A systematic scoping review method was used. Searched were peer-reviewed published records on PubMed, Scopus, World of Science, CINAHL, Health Business Elite, Health Policy Reference Centre and Cochrane Library and grey literature. Review inclusion criteria included contemporary (2010 and onwards), empirical factors to improvement sustainability evaluated after the active implementation, hospital(s) based in the western Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development countries. Numerical and thematic analyses were undertaken. Results 17 peer-reviewed papers were reviewed. Improvement and implementation approaches were predominantly adopted to guide change. Less than 6 in 10 (53%) of reviewed papers included a guiding framework/ model, none with a demonstrated focus on improvement sustainability. With an evaluation time point of 4.3 years on average, 62 factors to improvement sustainability were identified and emerged into three overarching themes: People, Process and Organisational Environment. These entailed, as subthemes, actors and their roles; planning, execution and maintenance of change; and internal contexts that enabled sustainability. Well-coordinated change delivery, customised local integration and continued change effort were three most critical elements. Mechanisms between identified factors emerged in the forms of Influence and Action towards sustained improvement. Conclusions The findings map contemporary empirical factors and their mechanisms towards change sustainability from a hospital-wide initiative to improve patient safety and quality. The identified factors and mechanisms extend current theoretical and empirical knowledgebases of sustaining improvement particularly with those beyond the active implementation. The provided conceptual framework offers an empirically evidenced and actionable guide to assist sustainable organisational change in hospital settings. HOW THIS STUDY MIGHT AFFECT RESEARCH, PRACTICE OR POLICY ⇒ The literature review findings narrow the theoretical and empirical gaps of how and what is required to sustain organisational change in hospital environments, with more yet to be explored. The actionable framework provided in this review may assist hospitals to plan for, execute and maintain organisational change with a focus on sustaining long-term improvement. copyright.

Publications, 2023

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology

Purpose This systematic review aimed to synthesise all quantitative literature on the association between social class and the effectiveness of interventions for mental health disorders. Methods Systematic literature searches (inception-March 2021) were conducted across 7 databases, and all quantitative studies meeting inclusion criteria, examining the impact of social class on access to treatment, or intervention effectiveness, or the impact of treatment on social mobility, were synthesised narratively. Results Evidence suggests that lower social class may be associated with reduced access to primary and secondary mental health care and increased likelihood of access via crisis services, and patients of lower social class may not benefit from all mental health interventions, with reduced effectiveness. While limited, there was some indication that psychosocial interventions could encourage increased employment rates. Conclusion Social class is associated with the effectiveness of p...

Sustainability, 2021

Talent Management (T.M.) constitutes a modern and emerging research area in Human Resources Management (HRM). Using a systematic literature approach, we searched in Talent Management literature in the healthcare sector context. We conclude that the number of related studies is minimal. The benefits of implementing Talent Management strategies in healthcare organizations are essential for the organization’s sustainable development and the talented staff and healthcare services patients. Our goal is to undertake a systematic literature review to identify these factors related to talent management practices suitable for healthcare organizations and professionals. We have conducted, according to PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature review (2010–2020) in the electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Health Source/Nursing Academic Edition. Search terms related to T.M. were (“Talent Management” AND “Talent Healthcare”). Strict inclusion and exclusi...

Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2023

This research presents a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis of the studies on character education in Indonesian Islamic boarding schools from Scopus datasets from 2011 to 2020. With a determined flow diagram and interactive Vosviewer visualization, the urgent goals are to describe the important elements of the bibliography, i.e., publication trends, the collaboration of the authors (co-authorship), and the terms used in the title and abstract (co-occurrence). It also synthesizes applied methods and classifies noble moral values. The summary of the findings are (1) networks visualization shows detailed links for mapping the status of topics that have or have not been widely explored or discussed, (2) many names are grouped, which means that they are working together, (3) the co-occurrence visualization shows the most dominant keyword is “Islamic boarding school,” (4) the instilling methods are classified as role models (exemplary), habituation, media-assisted, and...

Agricultural and Food Economics

Despite the various studies on food governance structured around alternative food systems (AFS), analysis of the essential characteristics of it which facilitate the sustainability of the food system (FS) is still incipient. This study aims to clarify the debate on the role of governance in sustainability of the FS by way of the following two objectives: (i) to characterise the analytical approach of the literature in the processes of structuring of food governance related to AFS, and (ii) to reflect qualitatively on the essential factors to be considered which ensure sustainable processes and trajectories of the AFS. The research methodology is based on a systematic review of the literature in order to define the approaches identified in the relevant studies in their analysis of the food governance process. From the results, a conceptual framework is proposed that determines the strategies related to food governance which can help meet the challenges of the AFS. A multi-actor and m...

BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine

This paper is part of a series of methodological guidance from the Cochrane Rapid Reviews Methods Group. Rapid reviews (RR) use modified systematic review methods to accelerate the review process while maintaining systematic, transparent and reproducible methods. In this paper, we address considerations for RR searches. We cover the main areas relevant to the search process: preparation and planning, information sources and search methods, search strategy development, quality assurance, reporting, and record management. Two options exist for abbreviating the search process: (1) reducing time spent on conducting searches and (2) reducing the size of the search result. Because screening search results is usually more resource-intensive than conducting the search, we suggest investing time upfront in planning and optimising the search to save time by reducing the literature screening workload. To achieve this goal, RR teams should work with an information specialist. They should select...

International Journal of Research In Business and Social Science, 2023

This discursive study examined the use of the learning management system (LMS) Moodle in rural South African universities. Moodle, a popular online programme, can be used to deliver learning activities, as well as online learning evaluations. The authors discuss LMS usage and adoption in higher education. LMS is a global online platform used in higher education institutions in developed countries across the globe, for decades. It has improved the education system in these developed countries by providing diverse students with learning opportunities, in their comfort zones. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, most developed nations adopted online methods, like LMS, for teaching and learning. Unfortunately, the pandemic lockdown in many developing nations, like South Africa, severely disrupted curriculum and educational activities for months. The South African Department of Higher Education and Training reviewed curriculum delivery approaches, to save academic activities due to COVID-19. Thus, it deemed online learning a higher education alternative to face-to-face curriculum instruction, during the lockdown to salvage the academic calendar, with LMS used as ideal online learning for student engagement.

PLOS ONE

Background Considering the COVID-19 pandemic, understanding the reliability, validity, social validity, and feasibility of using telehealth to diagnose ASD is a critical public health issue. This paper examines evidence supporting the use of telehealth methods to diagnose ASD and outlines the necessary modifications and adaptations to support telehealth diagnosis. Methods and procedures Studies were identified by searching PubMed and PsychInfo electronic databases and references lists of relevant articles. Only peer reviewed articles published in English with a focus on using telehealth for the purposes of diagnosing ASD were included. Searches were conducted through June 3rd, 2021. Outcomes and results A total of 10 studies were identified as meeting inclusion criteria. Of the eight papers that reported on reliability (e.g., accuracy), telehealth methods to diagnose ASD were between 80–91% accurate when compared with traditional in-person diagnosis. Six studies reported on validity...

Intelligent systems with applications, 2022

Systematic literature reviews play a vital role in identifying the best available evidence for health and social care research, policy, and practice. The resources required to produce systematic reviews can be significant, and a key to the success of any review is the search strategy used to identify relevant literature. However, the methods used to construct search strategies can be complex, time consuming, resource intensive and error prone. In this review, we examine the state of the art in resolving complex structured information needs, focusing primarily on the healthcare context. We analyse the literature to identify key challenges and issues and explore appropriate solutions and workarounds. From this analysis we propose a way forward to facilitate trust and to aid explainability and transparency, reproducibility and replicability through a set of key design principles for tools to support the development of search strategies in systematic literature reviews.

JMIR medical informatics, 2023

Background: The Systematized Medical Nomenclature for Medicine-Clinical Terminology (SNOMED CT) is a clinical terminology system that provides a standardized and scientifically validated way of representing clinical information captured by clinicians. It can be integrated into electronic health records (EHRs) to increase the possibilities for effective data use and ensure a better quality of documentation that supports continuity of care, thus enabling better quality in the care process. Even though SNOMED CT consists of extensively studied clinical terminology, previous research has repeatedly documented a lack of scientific evidence for SNOMED CT in the form of reported clinical use cases in electronic health record systems. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore evidence in previous literature reviews of clinical use cases of SNOMED CT integrated into EHR systems or other clinical applications during the last 5 years of continued development. The study sought to identify the main clinical use purposes, use phases, and key clinical benefits documented in SNOMED CT use cases. Methods: The Cochrane review protocol was applied for the study design. The application of the protocol was modified step-by-step to fit the research problem by first defining the search strategy, identifying the articles for the review by isolating the exclusion and inclusion criteria for assessing the search results, and lastly, evaluating and summarizing the review results. Results: In total, 17 research articles illustrating SNOMED CT clinical use cases were reviewed. The use purpose of SNOMED CT was documented in all the articles, with the terminology as a standard in EHR being the most common (8/17). The clinical use phase was documented in all the articles. The most common category of use phases was SNOMED CT in development (6/17). Core benefits achieved by applying SNOMED CT in a clinical context were identified by the researchers. These were related to terminology use outcomes, that is, to data quality in general or to enabling a consistent way of indexing, storing, retrieving, and aggregating clinical data (8/17). Additional benefits were linked to the productivity of coding or to advances in the quality and continuity of care. Conclusions: While the SNOMED CT use categories were well supported by previous research, this review demonstrates that further systematic research on clinical use cases is needed to promote the scalability of the review results. To achieve the best out-of-use case reports, more emphasis is suggested on describing the contextual factors, such as the electronic health care system and the use of previous frameworks to enable comparability of results. A lesson to be drawn from our study is that SNOMED CT is essential for structuring clinical data; however, research is needed to gather more evidence of how SNOMED CT benefits clinical care and patient safety.

International Journal of Telemedicine and Applications, 2023

The significance of deep learning techniques in relation to steady-state visually evoked potential-(SSVEP-) based brain-computer interface (BCI) applications is assessed through a systematic review. Three reliable databases, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and IEEE, were considered to gather relevant scientific and theoretical articles. Initially, 125 papers were found between 2010 and 2021 related to this integrated research field. After the filtering process, only 30 articles were identified and classified into five categories based on their type of deep learning methods. The first category, convolutional neural network (CNN), accounts for 70% (n = 21/30). The second category, recurrent neural network (RNN), accounts for 10% (n = 3/30). The third and fourth categories, deep neural network (DNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM), account for 6% (n = 30). The fifth category, restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), accounts for 3% (n = 1/30). The literature's findings in terms of the main aspects identified in existing applications of deep learning pattern recognition techniques in SSVEP-based BCI, such as feature extraction, classification, activation functions, validation methods, and achieved classification accuracies, are examined. A comprehensive mapping analysis was also conducted, which identified six categories. Current challenges of ensuring trustworthy deep learning in SSVEP-based BCI applications were discussed, and recommendations were provided to researchers and developers. The study critically reviews the current unsolved issues of SSVEP-based BCI applications in terms of development challenges based on deep learning techniques and selection challenges based on multicriteria decision-making (MCDM). A trust proposal solution is presented with three methodology phases for evaluating and benchmarking SSVEPbased BCI applications using fuzzy decision-making techniques. Valuable insights and recommendations for researchers and developers in the SSVEP-based BCI and deep learning are provided.

Pertanika journal of social science and humanities, 2023

Fishermen still use knowledge-based astronomical phenomena in their fishing practices in this modern age. Several scholars were interested in this aspect, producing mixed results and formulating different perspectives. The diversity of these previous data and the differences in their perspectives have geared towards a need to review these past findings systematically.

Turkish journal of family medicine and primary care, 2022

Systematic reviews are accepted as the most reliable references which synthesize the best evidence among the existed evidences, especially in health care. Comprehensive literature search is one of the significant stages of systematic review process. However, adapting search strategy to the various electronic databases is a tough and time-consuming process. Peer review is known as a current approach to shorten this process and increase the quality of evidence. Peer Review of Electronic Search Strategies (PRESS) Guidance is an important tool which is used for this purpose. PRESS Guidance was developed to assess electronic search strategies used in the literature searches for systematic reviews and Health Technologies Assessment reports in 2008 and updated in 2010 and 2015. PRESS 2015 Guidance is constituted of four sections; i) recommendations for librarian practice, ii) an evidence-based checklist, iii) an assessment form and iv) implementation strategies. In this review, it was aimed to translate the PRESS 2015 Guidance into Turkish and widen its usage. Since the popularity of systematic review methodology has increased especially in healthcare both in the world and in our country, the PRESS 2015 Guidance is recommended to be used actively by researchers to construction and adaptation of the search strategy.

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

Supplementary Information-For paper published in Science of the Total Environment Supplementary information overview Here we present information on: i. System diagram (S.1); ii. PRISMA-ScR checklist (S.2); iii. Detailed methodology: Scale of the scale of the plastics sector (S.3.1) including transboundary movements (S.3.1.1), global mass flow (S.3.1.2), size of plastics recycling industry and its workforce (S.3.1.3); details of how the systematic review was carried out (S.