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Legume Research An International Journal, 2018

The soybean seed is highly susceptible to field weathering and mechanical damage which adversely affect its longevity. Mechanical injury can occur at any time during harvesting, drying and storage conditioning of seeds. The seed coat color and leachate conductivity of soybean has been correlated with seed longevity and black seed coat color has been reported to be positively correlated with better seed longevity. In order to understand the physico-chemical attributes related to soybean seed longevity, biochemical and molecular analysis of the parents exhibiting black (Birsasoya-1) and yellow seed coat colour (EC 241780) and the eleven F3 progenies of the cross exhibiting brown, yellow and black seed coat colour was carried out. The results revealed that vita-E, lignin, calcium content and activity of antioxidative enzymes appeared to be positively correlated with soybean seed longevity and levels were higher in black and brown seed coat color progenies. The lipid peroxidation rate was inversely related to membrane injury caused by ROS and comparatively much less lipid peroxidation rate was recorded in black and brown seed coat colour parents and progenies having better seed longevity. The SSR primers Satt162, Satt523 and Satt453 which are either linked with seed coat colour and seed permeability exhibited a specific size allelic fragments in soybean genotypes and crosses with better seed longevity.

The effects of storage duration on the seed germination and metabolite profiling of soybean seeds with five different coloured coats were studied. Their germination, constituents and transcript expressions of isoflavones and free fatty acids (FFAs) were compared using chromatographic metabolomic profiling and transcriptome sequencing. The seed water content was characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry. Results showed that dark-coloured seeds were less inactivated than light-coloured seeds. The aglycone and b-glucoside concentrations of upstream constituents increased significantly , whereas the acetylglucosides and malonylglucosides of downstream constituents decreased with an increase in the storage period. FFAs increased considerably in the soybean seeds as a result of storage. These results indicate that dark-coloured soybean seeds have better storability than light-coloured seeds, and seed water content plays a role in seed inactivation. It was concluded that there are certain metabolic regularities that are associated with different coloured seed coats of soybeans under storage conditions.

The seed coat plays an important role in the life cycle of soybean by controlling embryo development and determining seed dormancy and germination. In the present study, comparative proteomics analysis of the seed-coat from two black-colored soybean cultivars, Seonheuk and Geomjeong 2 which have different anthocyanin and isoflavone contents, was conducted. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight time of flight (MALDI-TOF/TOF) mass spectrometry analysis of total proteins from seed coats identified 36 proteins spots showing qualitative variation according to color changing stages of seed coat. Among them, 24 proteins were down regulated, while 11 were up regulated at stage 2 and 3 compared to stage 1. In addition, ten of the 36 protein spots may be differentially regulated by different contents of anthocyanin and isoflavone between Seonheuk and Geomjeong 2 at color changing stage of seed coat. Interestingly, the expression of trypsin inhibitors (TIs) and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) showed a greater reduction in Geomjeong 2 than Seonheuk, while isoflavone reductase homolog 1 (IFR1) showed a greater increase in Geomjeong 2 than Seouheuk, indicating that antioxidant activity of Geomjeong 2 may be higher than Seouheuk. Furthermore, their expression patterns were confirmed by Western blot analysis using rice isoflavone reductase-like protein (OsIRL), confirming the results of 2-DE. Overall, our results indicate that various proteins differentially expressed in accordance with seed-coat color may contribute to seed quality and; therefore, have a beneficial effect on human health.

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2000

Attempts were made to study the gene introgression for high physiological quality from adapted cultivars in the vegetable soybean (exotic). Promising results were obtained for all topocrosses, with increased in germination percentage in majority. General mean of the germination percentage in topcrosses with large seeds exotic parental showed an increase from 28 to 46%, and topcrosses with small seeds exotic parental, from 54 up to 60%, both cases compared to self pollinated exotic parental. Related to variance, the topcrosses showed higher values than the self pollinated exotic parental, showing to be possible the selecion of promising materials.

Legume Research, Volume 48 Issue 5 (May 2025) , 2025

Background: The soybean seed is highly susceptible to field weathering and mechanical damages which adversely affect its longevity. Non-availability of good quality seed and post-harvest maintenance of prescribed level of seed germination and vigour until immediate planting season is the major constraint for soybean seed production. In soybean, the seed coat is one of the main determinants of seed germination, vigour and longevity potentials. Methods: In view of the same, the present study was conducted during 2015-16 and 2016-17 on 24 soybean genotypes having contrasting seed longevity traits. Freshly harvested seeds were stored for eight months under laboratory ambient environment (25±2C and 65±5% RH) for evaluation of seed coat properties which are helpful in protecting the seeds from mechanical damage during pre-and post-harvest operations and study its relation with the seed quality. Result: Black, small-seeded soybean genotypes with white hilum were found to be better storers. Thick seed coat and higher seed coat (%) with more and uniform hours glass cells attributed to better seed quality for these genotypes. Parameters like seed coat (%), lignin content and mechanical strength remained unchanged during eight months laboratory ambient storage. Based on these observations, genotypes AMSS-34 and G-2265 were identified as better genotypes, which may be exploited in soybean crop improvement programme.

The soybean seed is highly susceptible to field weathering and mechanical damage which adversely affect its longevity. Mechanical injury can occur at any time during harvesting, drying and storage conditioning of seeds. The seed coat color and leachate conductivity of soybean has been correlated with seed longevity and black seed coat color has been reported to be positively correlated with better seed longevity. In order to understand the physico-chemical attributes related to soybean seed longevity, biochemical and molecular analysis of the parents exhibiting black (Birsasoya-1) and yellow seed coat colour (EC 241780) and the eleven F3 progenies of the cross exhibiting brown, yellow and black seed coat colour was carried out. The results revealed that vita-E, lignin, calcium content and activity of antioxidative enzymes appeared to be positively correlated with soybean seed longevity and levels were higher in black and brown seed coat color progenies. The lipid peroxidation rate was inversely related to membrane injury caused by ROS and comparatively much less lipid peroxidation rate was recorded in black and brown seed coat colour parents and progenies having better seed longevity. The SSR primers Satt162, Satt523 and Satt453 which are either linked with seed coat colour and seed permeability exhibited a specific size allelic fragments in soybean genotypes and crosses with better seed longevity.

Plants

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) seeds are abundant in physiologically active metabolites, including carotenoids and chlorophylls, and are used as an affordable source of functional foods that promote and maintain human health. The distribution and variation of soybean seed metabolites are influenced by plant genetic characteristics and environmental factors. Here, we investigated the effects of germplasm origin, genotype, seed coat color and maturity group (MG) on the concentration variation of carotenoid and chlorophyll components in 408 soybean germplasm accessions collected from China, Japan, the USA and Russia. The results showed that genotype, germplasm origin, seed color, and MG were significant variation sources of carotenoid and chlorophyll contents in soybean seeds. The total carotenoids showed about a 25-fold variation among the soybean germplasms, with an overall mean of 12.04 µg g−1. Russian soybeans yielded 1.3-fold higher total carotenoids compared with Chinese and ...

Legume Research - An International Journal, 2016

The objective of this study was to characterize the cell wall composition and nutrients in twenty soybean genotypes varying in seed coat colour. Mean seed weight among different groups differed significantly and followed the order: brown>yellow>green>black. Moisture content varied from 6.1-17.9% and three black, one brown and one green soybean genotype exhibited moisture content higher than 15%. Acid detergent fibre, hemicellulose, cellulose and ash content in these genotypes varied from 8.0-35.3, 1.66-4.00, 1.33-5.0, and 2.06-8.6% respectively. SEL37 and GP1093 contained highest (5.0%) cellulose whereas EC251388 showed the least (1.33%). Genotypes belonging to black group exhibited highest mean neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, lignin, free amino acids and tannins and lowest saponins and contents varied significantly from brown, green and yellow groups. Among all the genotypes, SL958 contained highest acid detergent fibre and lignin and SL525 the least. Total soluble protein content of black, brown, green and yellow groups varied from 29.5-40.56, 29.37-30.43, 28.03-43.1 and 30.53-43.23 g/100 g, respectively. Highest mean total soluble protein (37.55 %) and oil (21.9%) was recorded in yellow coloured soybean genotypes and values were significantly higher as compared to black, brown and green groups.

Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 1987

The association of flowering, growth period, reproductive growth period, seed size, the occurrence of defective seed and seed coat colour with varietal differences in seed vigour were investigated using 38 late maturing cultivars originating from Indonesia, America and Japan under the climatic condition of Fukuoka City. The results show that varietal differences in seed vigour were clearly demonstrated by standard germination after 6 days of accelerated ageing at 4o"C, 100 % RH (ranged from 2.7 to 98.7 %) although their seed viability ranged narrowly (from 76.0 to 100 %). The genotypical traits, except flowering and growth period, in question were associated with varietal differences in seed vigour as a single factor, respectively. It was also revealed that the climatic condition of middle autumn (daily mean temperature was 15°C and total rainfall was 5.5 mm from 1 to 10 November 1983) facilitated the highest vigour of resulting seeds. Field weathering by high temperature and rainfall in early autumn, and a possible occurrence of cold injury in late autumn lowered the seed vigour. Excluding seed coat colour, a stepwise regression analysis resulted in predominant contribution of seed size, showing negative correlation on varietal differences in seed vigour in terms of standard germination. In terms of electrical conductivity, however, the varietal differences in seed vigour were particularly controlled by reproductive growth period and the occurrence of defective seed. As far as other factors were almost at the same level, the genotypes with black seed coat colour were more vigorous than those with light seed coat colour.

2011

I bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except ALLAH (the one and only God), alone without partner, and I bear witness that Muhammad (peace and blessing be upon him) is His servant and messenger. All praise is to ALLAH, who helped me complete this thesis, and peace be upon His prophet Mohammad. Any shortcomings or incorrectness found throughout this thesis is due to my shortage and lack of knowledge and any completeness and good work found is all due to ALLAH alone. I would like to thank my parents for their patience and support throughout my life and throughout my graduate studies. A special thanks to my primary advisor and teacher Dr. Kirstin E.