Soybean is the most important oilseed in the tropical and subtropical parts of the world unfortun... more Soybean is the most important oilseed in the tropical and subtropical parts of the world unfortunately has poor competence for seed longevity. It's strongly affected by environment (Temperature and RH) during seed formation, harvest and storage. Tagging of seed longevity associated markers in the crosses (Birsa Soya1 × DS-228) which are good and poor storer genotypes resp. by using 26 SSR primers in genotypes contrasting for these traits in soybean. The polymorphism was observed between genotypes differing for seed longevity trait for six primer pairs, viz; Sat_162, Satt632, Sat_202, Satt523, Satt184 and Satt460, among them seed coat hardiness QTL, SCH 1-2 linked Satt632 amplified distinct markers. Bulked segregant analysis was carried out by using SSR markers in segregating 93 F2 populations. The Satt632-237 bp marker was further validated in individual F2 plant population. The genotype, Birsa Soya1 and it segregants Satt632-237 bp marker was found to be closely associated with high seed longevity in soybean. Hence, the primer Satt632 is impending marker for marker assisted breeding for high seed longevity marker to be linked to seed coat hardiness loci qSCH1-2 like gene present on chromosome A2. Seed longevity trait is governed by one or few gene with observed segregation ratio of 3.65:1 as against expected segregated ratio 3:1. Candidate
Soybean is known for the poor seed germination particularly in the tropical and subtropical count... more Soybean is known for the poor seed germination particularly in the tropical and subtropical country like India. However, the molecular mechanisms involved are mostly unknown in these species. The proportion of seed coat is of primary importance for providing protection against mechanical damage during harvesting and processing which cause significant loss of seed longevity in soybean seed lot. The present investigation finds the black seeded genotypes viz., Birsa Soya1 and Kalitur had significantly higher amount of seed coat lignin than other yellow seeded genotypes viz., DS-228 and MAUS-71. The crosses between black and yellow coloured to produce different colour pigmentation in their progeny viz., black, brown, buff and yellow. However, seed coat lignin is highly positively correlated with seed longevity. The seed coat lignin was transfer to yellow seeded genotypes through backcrossing. The red colour flavanoids were found to be concentrated in the seed coat (testa) just outside the aleurone layer in the cross of DS-228 × Birsa Soya1. The seed coat (testa) is a maternal trait which is influence genotypes of the mother plants. Furthermore, tannins reacting with vanillin-HCl were demonstrated in the testa of soybean. However, the inheritance of red colour was observed to genetically transfer to their progeny. These results provide essential information to explain the poor germination observed in soybean genotypes and it can improve through the molecular breeding.
gene analysis at qSCH1-2 loci, indicated for role of either a brassinosteriod regulated protein o... more gene analysis at qSCH1-2 loci, indicated for role of either a brassinosteriod regulated protein or pentatricopeptide repeat gene to regulate seed longevity.
A small increase in cytosolic NADH can influence the nitrate reduction and thus appears to be cri... more A small increase in cytosolic NADH can influence the nitrate reduction and thus appears to be critical for improving nitrogen use efficiency. The differential carbon monoxide (CO) sensitivity of high and low nitrogen use efficient wheat genotypes and relatively higher induction of CO response in low nitrogen use efficient wheat genotypes by prior infiltration with 2,4 dintro phenol before CO exposure suggest differences in redox state of cytochrome oxidase during in situ respiration. The process of oxidative phosphorylation appears to tightly coupled in mitochondria of nitrogen use inefficient wheat genotypes due to low NADH/ NAD+ ratio as evident from oxidized state of cytochrome oxidase which does not form complex with CO, whereas in high nitrogen use efficient wheat genotypes the non-energy conserving alternative dehydrogenases appears to be more active due high matrix reduction level with cytochrome oxidase in the more reduced form.
A field trial of 54 diverse genotypes of rice bean (Vigna umbellata (Thumb) Ohwi and Ohashi) was ... more A field trial of 54 diverse genotypes of rice bean (Vigna umbellata (Thumb) Ohwi and Ohashi) was conducted to assess the magnitude of genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and genetic diversity. The analysis of variance indicated the prevalence of sufficient genetic variation among the genotypes for all the ten traits. High heritability coupled with high phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and high genetic advance as per cent of mean (GA%) were observed for days to 50% flowering, plant height at maturity, seed yield per plant and seed yield per hectare which indicated that response to selection would be very high for these yield components. Mahalanobis' D2 analysis resulted 10 diverse clusters. Two traits viz„ 1000 seed weight, and days to maturity were contributed more than 83 per cent towards total genetic divergence.
Molecular characterization of late leaf spot resistant and susceptible Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes using ISSR markers
Annals of Plant Protection Sciences, 2017
Late leaf spot (LLS, Phaseoisariopsis personata) is among the major diseases causing significant ... more Late leaf spot (LLS, Phaseoisariopsis personata) is among the major diseases causing significant yield loss in groundnut. The current study was conducted to identify diverse disease resistant genotypes for LLS for their utility in introduction into breeding programs. Among 114 groundnut genotypes (including 4 wild) screened, 12 genotypes showed resistance, 51 were moderately resistant, 41 susceptible and 10 were highly susceptible. Ten resistant genotypes were selected including two wild species viz., RHRG 6083, GPBD 4, KDG 128, ICG 11426, ICG 12672, ICG 13919, ICG 14475, ICGV 94118, ICGV 13160 (A. batizocoi) and ICGV 13165 (A. cardenasi) for molecular studies with two susceptible genotypes viz., SB XI and JL 24. Twenty two ISSRs were screened across 12 groundnut genotypes with differing levels of resistance to LLS. Overall, 12 independent clusters were formed while two wild species viz., Arachis batizicoi and A. cardenasi were found to be most divergent from other genotypes with co...
Biocontrol agent Trichoderma has attained importance for substitute of chemical pesticides and he... more Biocontrol agent Trichoderma has attained importance for substitute of chemical pesticides and hence an attempt was intended to corroborate the positive relatedness of molecular and morphological characters with antagonistic ability. Twelve isolates belonging to Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride were assessed for their antagonistic effect on Fusarium oxysporum F.sp. lycopearsicie and Xanthomonas campestris. Pv.vesicatoria. Trichoderma harzianum isolates were more aggressive than T. viride isolates. The dataset generated through morphological characters and ISSR markers showed a comparable output grouping the isolates of T. viride in one cluster and all T. harzianum isolates in another cluster. It is obvious from the present study that genetic diversity analysis had a positive correlation with the antagonistic ability of Trichoderma isolates. Thus an integrated approach of morphological and molecular markers can be employed to identify a superior strain of Trichoderma for ...
Isolation and characterization of sulphur oxidising bacteria from the soils of Maharashtra and molecular diversity
BIOINFOLET - A Quarterly Journal of Life Sciences, 2017
During present investigation, attempts were made to isolate sulphur oxidizing microbes from one h... more During present investigation, attempts were made to isolate sulphur oxidizing microbes from one hundred and fifty rhizosphere soil samples from different regions of Maharashtra state, India. Out of the total samples tested, twenty two samples showed the presence of sulphur oxidizing bacteria. Eight isolates were identified as Acidithiobacillus sp. which produced small yellow coloured colonies on thiosulphate agar medium. They were Gram negative, short rods with size ranging from 0.3–0.7 x 0.9–1.6 μm. RAPD analysis of Acidothiobacillus thiooxidans isolates was undertaken and those were subjected to 3D scatter plot analysis.
In the present study, molecular characterization of pomegranate cultivar 'Bhagwa' and 'Bhagwa' li... more In the present study, molecular characterization of pomegranate cultivar 'Bhagwa' and 'Bhagwa' like genotypes available in Maharashtra of India was undertaken along with two other cultivars, Phule Arakta and Mridula to assess their authenticity and diversity. All the 14 ISSR primers used were found polymorphic producing a total of 171 reproducible amplicons with an average of 12.5 amplicons per primer, out of which 144 amplicons (90.28 %) were polymorphic. The similarity coefficient between the genotypes varied from 0.00 to 0.94. Maximum similarity coefficient (0.94) was observed among four different genotypic combinations and high similarity coefficient (≥ 0.90) was observed among 18 different genotype combinations indicating that these genotypes are least divergent from each other. The UPGMA based cluster analysis using dice similarity coefficient grouped 19 pomegranate genotypes into two major clusters. The closely related genotypes of 'Bhagwa' cultivar of pomegranate could be clearly differentiated from cultivars Phule Arakta and Mridula.
Molecular characterization of the most popular pomegranate cultivar Bhagwa and its 16 closely rel... more Molecular characterization of the most popular pomegranate cultivar Bhagwa and its 16 closely related genotypes available in Maharashtra state of India along with two other cultivars, Phule Arakta and Mridula was carried out to assess their diversity. Sixteen SSR primer pairs amplified 32 alleles of which 16 were polymorphic with PGCT088 and Pom024 primers producing six and four polymorphic alleles, respectively. Of them, three were Bhagwa specific polymorphic alleles i. e. Pg6-164bp, Pg14-254bp and PGCT093B-153bp amplified only in all 17 Bhagwa types, while PGCT093B-187bp allele was present only in Phule Arakta and Mridula. Limited divergence was observed among them on SSR analysis with similarity coefficient ranging from 0.80 to 1.00. On SSR data based clustering analysis; all Bhagwa like genotypes could be clearly differentiated from cultivars Phule Arakta and Mridula. All Bhagwa like genotypes were found sharing common genetic basis, claims of these genotypes being independent identities were rejected.
Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
A total of 34 samples of decomposing rural and urban wastes were collected from different partsof... more A total of 34 samples of decomposing rural and urban wastes were collected from different partsof Western Maharashtra from which 64 bacteria, 49 fungi and 63 actinomycetes strains were isolated. Theseisolates were screened for cellulase activity and the efficient cellulolytic microorganisms were identified onthe basis of morphological, cultural and biochemical characters. Among cellulolytic bacterial isolates, basedon cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics, 11 isolates were identified as Bacillus spp., 3 asPseudomonas spp., while the remaining three belonged to Cellulomonas, Staphylococcus and Micrococcusgenus. The Bacillus isolates were further studied for their molecular diversity within group. The PCRamplification products of the 12 isolates of Bacillus spp. including standard Bacillus strain with 16 randomprimers produced 343 bands, out of which 182 bands were polymorphic and 158 bands were unique.Majority of the primers showed 100% polymorphism. The average pol...
Molecular identification of fruit flies, Bactrocera spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) using mitochondri... more Molecular identification of fruit flies, Bactrocera spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) using mitochondrial COI gene using primer COI F, COI R, UEA7 and UEA10 and restriction enzymes (Msel and Alul) infesting guava fruits was carried out. The banding profiles in the electrophoresis gel were analysed. For the molecular studies, two set of mtDNA gene specific primer pairs i.e. COI F and COI R and UEA 7 F and UEA 10 R were used for polymerase chain reaction amplification of cytochrome oxidase I gene. In COI primer, samples yielded bands from all five Bactrocera spp. except B. zonata within the range of 10001500 bp, while UEA primer pair fragments were amplified PCR fragments from all five species within the range of 500-750 bp. The sequencing results showed total nucleotide length was 450-680 bases. Alignment of above sequences with NCBI database revealed that B. dorsalis and B. cucurbitae showed 97-99% similarity while, B. zonata, B. verbascifoliae and B. correcta showed 85-94% similarity. In...
Biochemical and molecular evaluation of pigeonpea against Fusarium wilt
Indian Phytopathology, 2021
Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium udum is the most important disease of pigeonpea that adversely a... more Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium udum is the most important disease of pigeonpea that adversely affect the yield and production. Development of cultivars resistant to fusarium wilt could be an effective strategy in decreasing the production costs, improving production quality and reducing the detrimental effect of chemical on ecosystem. Twenty four different genotypes and local germplasm of pigeonpea was field tested on wilt sick soil for percent wilt incidence and the percent wilt incidence were ranged between 6.98 and 24.44. The mean wilt incidence of resistant pigeonpea genotypes was 8.53 whereas that of susceptible genotypes was 24.15%.Only five pigeonpea genotypes (BDN-711, ICP-8863, PT-012-2,PT-012-1, PT-03-129-2) recorded field wilt incidence of less than 10% and categorized as resistant. The four genotypes (PT-04-111, PT-04-360-1, PT-03-104-1 and PT-012-12) were categorized as susceptible with wilt percent between 20.1 and 40.00 and remained genotypes were moderate resistant. The mean phenol and OD phenol content of leaf tissues of resistant genotypes under wilt sick conditions was significantly higher than susceptible genotypes. The mean activity of defense related enzymes viz., β1,3-glucanase, chitinase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase was 90.11 nmoles of glucose released/mg protein/min, 12.27 nmoles of N-acetyl glucosamine released/mg protein/min and 3.46 nmoles of transcinnamic acid formed/mg protein/min respectively, in resistant genotypes under wilt sick conditions. On the basis of wilt resistant and susceptible pigeonpea genotypes screened for different defense related enzymes out of twenty four genotypes PT-012–18, ICP-8863 and BDN 711 were found promising. A reported RAPD primer OPG 08 and SCAR1 marker showed 920 and 937 bp respectively, in pigeon pea wilt resistant genotypes.
Research Article Inheritance of pod shattering in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)
Three parents viz., NRC7, EC 241780 and Kalitur were crossed in cyclic manner during Kharif 2012 ... more Three parents viz., NRC7, EC 241780 and Kalitur were crossed in cyclic manner during Kharif 2012 with the objectives to study the inheritance of pod shattering in soybean. Among these NRC 7 and others were resistant and susceptible to pod shattering respectively. Six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, B1 and B2) were obtained by inter-mating three diverse parents. Pod shattering screening was done as per oven dry method. Inheritance of pod shattering was found to be governed by partial dominance of susceptibility over the resistance. Two major genes with inhibitory epistasis were involved in inheritance of pod shattering in soybean as evidenced from F2 ratio (13:3) and confirmed by test cross ratio (3:1) in resistance x susceptible and susceptible x resistance crosses. Keyword Soybean, pod shattering, inheritance, inhibitory epistasis
Evaluation of Genetic Diversity in Grain Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) at Molecular Level using ISSR Markers
Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry, 2014
In the present investigation, twenty eight genotypes of grain amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacu... more In the present investigation, twenty eight genotypes of grain amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) were evaluated for their genetic divergence at molecular level. The analysis of morphological variance exhibited significant differences among the genotypes for all the eight characters indicating the presence of substantial degree of variability. Fifteen Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) primers amplified a total of 61 bands of which 53 bands (86.88%) were polymorphic. None of the band was unique and 8 bands were monomorphic in their profile. Similarity index ranged from (0.55–0.97) with moderately wide diversity. In dendrogram all the genotypes studied were distinguished from each other and five broad clusters were observed with Suvarna and SKGPA26 forming most distinct individual genotype clusters. Though there was considerable inter-group variation, however extent of variation within the groups was low. Divergence results observed in dendrogram analysis were reflected in 2D PCO ...
International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management, 2016
Forty-eight sorghum accessions were screened for proline and glycine betaine osmolyte accumulatio... more Forty-eight sorghum accessions were screened for proline and glycine betaine osmolyte accumulation levels under-0.5 MPa PEG-6000 induced osmotic stress in the leaves of ten days old seedlings. Proline as well as glycine betaine accumulation was higher in stressed than unstressed condition. Under stressed conditions, tolerant sorghum genotypes exhibited highest increase in both the osmolytes, followed by stay-green and susceptible ones. Four each of drought susceptible, tolerant and stay-green sorghum genotypes differing in proline and glycine betaine accumulation potential under osmotic stress were analyzed with randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers with a view to understand genetic diversity among the different types as well as proline and glycine betaine accumulation potential under water stress. Out of 43 primers screened, 26 amplified genomic DNA with 258 loci of which, 191 were polymorphic with 75.55% polymorphism. Among the random operon primers, thirteen showed twenty unique loci. The Dice similarity coefficient values based on RAPD data ranged from 0.70 to 0.91 with the minimum in a drought susceptible genotype RSV-1006 and the maximum in stay-green genotype M-35-1.The dendrogram revealed a separate major cluster of stay-green genotype, E-36-1. 2D scatter plot showed a separate group of all four stay-green genotypes closely placed with two high proline accumulating tolerant genotypes, RSLG-262 and RSV-1366. However, two high glycine betaine accumulating tolerant genotypes, RSV-458 and Hadgaon local, appeared to be distinct from the stay-green genotypes.
Effect of PEG induced water stress on chlorophyll content, membrane injury index, osmoprotectants and antioxidant enzymes activities in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench)
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Papers by Vivek Chimote