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International Journal of Reproductive Medicine

Background. Adolescence is a time of opportunity, vulnerability, and risk, particularly in relation to health, unsafe sexual activity, and reproductive health. Neglecting their reproductive health issues leads to a great risk of agonizing transition to parenthood, lifetime effects, and early pregnancy, which can compromise educational achievements and economic potentials. Meeting the reproductive health needs of adolescents mostly rests on the parents’ shoulders. Thus, this study explored parental knowledge, willingness, and attitude towards contraceptive use among their unmarried adolescents. Methods. This was an analytical cross-sectional study design. The multistage sampling technique was used to recruit 360 parents from Ekpoma community, Edo State, Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was used to generate data for this study. Data processing and analysis were done using SPSS version 24. In order to determine association with outcome variables, chi-square ( χ 2 ) and Fisher’s exac...

ACHA THOMAS , 2022

ABSTRACT This study was aimed at determining parental knowledge and attitude toward adolescent sexual behaviour in Abi Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria. The specific objectives of this study were to; determine parents knowledge of adolescent sexual behaviour , determine parents attitude toward sex/family education, determine parents communication pattern with adolescents on sex related issues and to determine parents attitude towards adolescent having access to reproductive health services. A cross-sectional study design was adopted for this study. Data were generated using a semi-structured questionnaire from 405 respondents (Parents of adolescents); 191 (47.2%) fathers and 214 (52.8%) mothers, who were selected using multistage sampling procedure. Data generated were collated, synthesized and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, (SPSS) version 20. The results were interpreted and presented in tables, percentages, frequency and pie chart. The results obtained in this study showed that Parental knowledge toward adolescent sexual behaviour about 218 of the respondents representing 58.8% indicated that masturbation is commonly associated with adolescent sexual behaviour while 108 of respondents representing 26.7% indicated that Abusive/Argumentative are problems in raising an adolescent. Attitude of parent towards sex and family education, 316 of the respondents representing 78.0% were in support of the introduction of sex education while 205 representing 50.6% supported the idea that father and mother should be the preferred persons to give sex education to their adolescent. About 116 and 71 respondents representing 28.6% and 17.5% respectively responded that sex education should be taught by Teachers and in Church. Communication of parents with adolescents on sex related matters, 324 respondents representing 80% discuss reproductive health matters with their adolescent. 69 respondents representing 17.0% discussed sexual matters with their adolescent all the time. About 213 respondent representing 52.6% states reasons of not discussing reproductive health matters with their adolescent stating reasons that it will increase their curiosity about sex, 46 respondents representing 11.4% states that it is culturally unacceptable. Parents attitude towards adolescent having access to reproductive health services,128 respondents representing 31.60% indicated that adolescent should have access to reproductive health services such as condoms and contraceptive while 277 respondents representing 68.4% indicated that adolescent should not be allow to have an access to reproductive health services, base on the reasons that it will encourage promiscuity, it will bring shame to the family and also adolescent are not expected to initiate sex. Based on the findings of the study, parents should be groomed on the importance of having interest in the adolescent sexuality issue. This should be done through mass media, conferences and workshops. Government should make the course on adolescent reproductive health compulsory in all schools. Enlightenment campaign by NGOs and other stake holders should be encouraged by the government - at both federal and state level.

2019

Background: Misconceptions about the usefulness of condoms and other contraceptives in preventing unwanted teenage pregnancies and sexually-transmitted infections (STIs) among unmarried adolescents, still expose many adolescents to the risk of both conditions due to certain misconceptions. This study explored beliefs and misconceptions about condoms and other contraceptives among adolescents in Ebonyi state, southeast Nigeria. Method: A qualitative study was undertaken in six local government areas in Ebonyi state, southeast Nigeria. Data was collected within a period of one month from in and out-of-school adolescents aged 13 to 18 years using twelve focus group discussions (FGD). The data was analyzed using the thematic framework approach. Result: Majority of the adolescents were knowledgeable about methods of contraception, how they are used and their modes of action. They were also knowledgeable about the dual effects of condoms for prevention of pregnancy and STIs. However, some misconceptions that were expressed by some adolescents were that pregnancy could be prevented by the use of i) hard drugs, ii) laxatives, iii) white chlorine, and iv) boiled alcoholic beverages. Condoms were described by some adolescent boys as reusable. Condoms were also perceived by some adolescents to reduce sexual pleasure, and this opinion was mostly held by boys. Coitus interruptus (withdrawal method) was therefore considered more preferable than condoms for prevention of pregnancy. Conclusion: Although majority adolescents have knowledge about contraception and condom use, some misconceptions still persist. These misconceptions put many adolescents at increased risk for pregnancy and STIs which are detrimental to their health and wellbeing. Concerted efforts should be made through educational and behavior change interventions in schools and within communities to debunk persisting misconceptions about contraception, and properly educate adolescents on safe sex practices.

Ezebuiro , 2019

The study examined the attitude of Ebonyi State University undergraduates towards use of family planning devices with particular reference to undergraduate students of Social Studies. The research objectives were set to determine the attitude of the undergraduate students towards the use of condom as a device, to determine the attitude of the undergraduate students towards the use of withdrawal method as a device and to ascertain the attitude of the undergraduate students towards the use of oral contraceptive pills. Three research questions were formulated in line with the research objectives. The descriptive survey design was adopted. The population of study consisted of the 180 undergraduate students of Social Studies, Ebonyi State University. The sample size comprised 160 undergraduate students of Social Studies selected using simple random technique. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire. Mean and standard deviation was used for data analysis. The findings showed that undergraduates of Ebonyi State University shows negative attitude towards the use of condoms, the students showed a positive attitude towards the use of withdrawal method and the students showed positive attitude towards the use of oral contraceptive pills. From the findings, it was recommended that Undergraduates should endeavor to abstain from sexual activities, but if they cannot abstain from sex before marriage, they should use contraceptives. Lecturers should periodically give students advice on use of contraceptives and that Parents should give their children sex education.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Many adolescents engage in risky sexual activity without protection as shown by recent WHO report and this practice commonly resulted in sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion. OBJECTIVE: This study is intended to describe the sexual behaviour of students in senior secondary schools in Nnewi North and South LGAs of Anambra State, South-eastern Nigeria and to describe their attitude toward contraceptive use for the prevention of pregnancy and STIs. METHOD: A descriptive cross-sectional study which employed multi-stage and proportionate sampling techniques was conducted. RESULT: A total of 394 students, age range of 12 – 24 years with mean of 17 ± 1.6years were studied. 95 (24.1%) admitted to previous sexual exposure with mean age at sexual debut of 12 ± 3.6 years. More than half of them had multiple sex partners and learnt about sex from the media. 74.7% of the respondents did not use condom during their first sexual exposure and 83.3% of those who had been pregnant or got someone pregnant terminated the pregnancy. CONCLUSION: This study shows a need for better government and societal commitment to adolescent reproductive health issues and incorporation of school-based interventions relating to sexuality education into school curriculum. Keywords: Sexual Behaviour, Secondary School Students

Journal of Education, Society and Behavioural Science, 2020

Aims: To determine the use of contraceptives among senior secondary school students in Abakaliki metropolis, Ebonyi State. Study Design: A cross-sectional study design was used. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in public secondary schools in Abakaliki metropolis, Ebonyi Nigeria, for a duration of six months Methodology: A two-stage sampling method was used to select 400 students from 6 out of 18 public secondary schools in Abakaliki metropolis. Information was obtained using a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Chi square test and multivariate logistic regression were used in the analysis and level of statistical significance was determined by p value of <0.05. Results: The mean age of respondents was 17.4±2.3 years and majority (51.5%) were females. More than one fifth (21.5%) have been exposed to sexual intercourse. Majority of the respondents (61.8%) were aware of contraceptives. The major sources of information were school lessons (46.0%) ...

Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 2011

Introduction: Prevalence of adolescent sexual activity is on the increase globally, resulting in increased risk of adverse reproductive health outcomes among them. Sources of sex information are key factors that influence female adolescents' sexual decision-making. Consequently, this study is aimed at identifying adolescents' sources of sexuality information, and its likely effect on their sexual practices among in-school female adolescents in Osisioma LGA, in southeastern Nigeria. Methodology: A total of 304 girls selected by multi-stage sampling technique were studied. Responses were elicited from them using pretested, semi-structured, self administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using MS Excel and Epi-6. Findings: Primary and subsequent sources of sexuality information were mainly the media and peers. Families and schools mostly were not involved in provision of early sex education. Media and peer influence were predominantly negative. Female adolescents' knowledge of issues of sex was low. Premarital sex, early sexual initiation, and unprotected sex was common among them. Consequently, adverse implication of negative sexual behavior, such as unplanned pregnancies and induced abortion, was prevalent. Conclusion: The study highlights the need for increased roles of parents and teachers in early sexuality education of adolescent girls. This can be done by increasing capacity of parents to discuss sexuality issues with their children.

2019

Sexuality education (SE) has remained a controversial issue in Nigeria more than 3 decades after the first case of HIV/AIDS was discovered as many parents still have a wrong view about it. This study therefore assessed the attitude, practice and perception of SE among parents in Obio-Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used among 330 consenting parents who were recruited through a multi-stage sampling method from 3 selected communities in Obio/Akpor LGA. The results of this study showed that majority of the respondents had a poor understanding of the concept of SE though almost all of them approved of the teaching of SE. However, a few practically engaged in teaching their children SE. This study showed that majority of our respondents had a poor understanding of the concept of sexuality education; there is therefore need for continuous enlightenment by the government on sexuality education targeting parents and using availa...

African Population Studies, 2016

This study analyzes the spatial pattern of adolescents' access to and use of contraceptives in Osun State, Nigeria. It analyses inter and intra-city variations in the distribution of contraceptive outlets and varying levels of access and use of contraceptives by Adolescents. Factors of access to and use of contraceptives are analyzed. Primary and secondary data were used for the study. Primary data involved the use of handheld GPS to obtain the geographic coordinates of the contraceptive outlets. Also, a total of 1,440 questionnaires were administered to randomly selected adolescents to collect data on the socio-demographic characteristics of respondents, degree of access to contraceptives, and varying types and levels of use of contraceptives. Variation in the distribution of outlets and adolescents' use of contraceptive was analyzed using GIS tools. The pattern of outlets was mapped. The results further showed that there is concentration of contraceptive outlets in the high density residential areas (60%) than in the medium (30%) or low (10%) density residential areas. Forty-four per cent of adolescents claimed use of contraceptive devices, while 56% did not. Fifty percent of the adolescents stated that societal disapproval is a factor that hinders their use of contraceptives. Further result shows that there is a direct but weak relationship (r = 0.449; p = 0.561) between the pattern of outlets and use of contraceptive in the study area. The study concluded that to reduce the problems associated with adolescents' reproductive health, there is the need to improve access and right usage of contraceptives.

The study investigated In-school female adolescents? attitude towards sexuality education in Ebonyi State. Descriptive survey research design was used for the study. The population comprised 63,793 female students in Ebonyi State Secondary Schools. A multistage sampling procedure involving clustering, stratification and simple random sampling of balloting without replacement were used to select 1080 female Students, being approximately 1.69% of the population as sample for the study. Two research questions guided the study. Two null hypotheses were formulated and were tested using ANOVA at 0.5 level of significance. Instrument for data collection was a self-constructed Attitude towards Sex Education Questionnaire (ATSEQ), framed to reflect the contents of the research questions. In order to test the suitability and usability of the instrument, it was subjected to exploratory factor analysis in form of a principal component analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation for data/scale reduction which reduced the items from 25 to 11 usable items. To estimate the internal consistency of the instrument, Cronbach Alpha?s Co- efficient was used and reliabilities r = 0.72 and r=0.78 respectively were established. The result of the study revealed that female students in Ebonyi state secondary schools showed positive attitude towards sex education. It was shown by the respondent?s positive attitude towards information on the sex education components used for the study. The result of the first null hypothesis was rejected as education class level of the female students had significant influence on their attitude towards sex education. Likewise, the result of the second null hypothesis was also rejected as religious affiliation of the female students had significant influence on their attitude towards sex education. The study concluded and recommended amongst others that by the positive attitude displayed by the respondents, there is urgent need for coherent sex education intervention in all the state secondary schools by the government at all levels and NGOs in order to promote the adoption of sexual health behaviours among the In-school female adolescents.