Zulfiqar Kuthu

University Of Veterinary And Animal Sciences Lahore, Livestock Production, Graduate Student

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Address: Attock, Punjab, Pakistan

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Papers by Zulfiqar Kuthu

Proteomic Analysis of Exosome-Like Vesicles Isolated From Saliva of the Tick Haemaphysalis longicornis

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Performance of bovine high density SNPs genotyping array in indigenous Pakistani cattle breeds

Pure and Applied Biology, 2018

The bovine high density SNPs genotyping array has a wide range of applications including detectio... more The bovine high density SNPs genotyping array has a wide range of applications including detection of selection signatures, identification of copy number variants (CNVs), genome wide association studies, and dendrogram relationships. This array can also be used to improve the accuracy of genomic predictions for low heritable traits viz. reproductive traits. The effectiveness of this array for genomic selection mainly depends on polymorphism level. In this study, we used 136 individuals from ten different Pakistani cattle breeds, include Achi (18), Bhagnari (14), Cholistani (13), Dajal (10), Dhanni (10), Kankraj (12), Lohani (19), Red Sindhi (13), Sahiwal (14), and Tharparkar (13) using high density SNPs genotyping and this array contained approximately 777, 962 SNPs. The results of this study revealed that approximately 500, 939 SNPs were found polymorphic in these breeds. The results indicate that high density SNPs bead chip would offer an informative genotyping platform for quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping in indigenous Pakistani cattle breeds.

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Analysis of FecG gene in lohi sheep breed using PCR-RFLP technique

Pure and Applied Biology, 2018

The growth and follicles differentiation in ovary is controlled by the FecG gene of TGF-β superfa... more The growth and follicles differentiation in ovary is controlled by the FecG gene of TGF-β superfamily proteins. FecG (GDF9), FecB (BMPRIB) and FecX (BMP15) are three oocytederived genes of TGF-β superfamily, which have essential role in ovulation and follicular growth. This study was intended to identify the FecG mutation in 30 ewes of Lohi sheep. A fragment length of 139 bp of FecG gene at exon 2 was amplified with a forced PCR-RFLP primer pairs and products were digested with Ddel enzyme. The results revealed that there is no mutation at this locus, because Ddel enzyme could not recognize restriction site. In this study, we found wild type (++) alleles. The polymorphism analysis of Lohi sheep indicates that the reported mutation for litter size is not present in this breed. Therefore, it is important to identify other SNPs for FecG gene in Lohi sheep.

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Pakistan’da Bazı Sığır Irklarında Kopya Sayısı Değişikliklerinin Genetik Özellikleri

Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2018

A copy number variation (CNV) is information of DNA segment containing deletion, duplication or i... more A copy number variation (CNV) is information of DNA segment containing deletion, duplication or insertion exist within diverse populations. This study detected 53 CNVs regions that overlapped with immune response, body size and parasitic resistance traits in Pakistani cattle breeds. This study characterized genetic diversity and provides lineage differentiated CNVs in these indigenous cattle breeds.

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Exploring genetic diversity and population structure of Punjab goat breeds using Illumina 50 K SNP bead chip

Tropical animal health and production, 2021

Pakistan has 35 goat breeds. Moreover, the province of Punjab has highest goat population constit... more Pakistan has 35 goat breeds. Moreover, the province of Punjab has highest goat population constituting 37% of country's total population with seven goat breeds including Beetal, Daira Deen Panah, Nachi, Barbari, Teddi, Pahari, and Pothwari. The diversity study of breeds warrants the documentation of breeds particularly using genome wide panel of markers, i.e., SNP chip. The objective of the current study was to fill this gap of information. Therefore, in current study we collected total of 879 unrelated goat blood samples along with data on body weight measurements; genomic DNA was extracted, and genotyping was carried out using 50 K SNP bead chip. Quality control measures were performed in Plink 1.07. Genetic diversity was observed among studied populations using heterozygosity and pairwise FST estimates, principal component analysis, admixture analysis in Plink software with visualization in Clumpak, and constructing phylogenetic tree in Mega 7 software. Moderate to high level...

Zoonosis Update on H 9 N 2 Avian Influenza Virus

Received: Revised: Accepted: March 24, 2012 April 19, 2013 May 17, 2013

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Effects of some environmental sources of variation on birth weight in Nili-Ravi buffalo calves

Buffalo Bulletin, 2020

The present study was conducted to determine the effects of some environmental sources of variati... more The present study was conducted to determine the effects of some environmental sources of variation on birth weight in Nili-Ravi buffalo calves born at Livestock Development Research Center Raroo Muzaffarabad over a period of 18 years. The data consisted of 416 calves born during the study period. Year of calf, sex of calf, birth season and parity were the main sources of variation on birth weight. The statistical analysis was carried out by using SAS statistical package program. The mean birth weight was 36.1±3.23 kg with a coefficient of variation of 8.62%. The birth weight ranged from 19 to 45 kg. The effects of calf sex, parity and birth season and birth year on birth weight were significant (P<0.01). Male calves were heavier (39.3±3.75 kg) as compared to female calves (33.2±3.21 kg). Birth weight of calves born during spring season had the highest value. The highest birth weight was recorded in 7th parity, while the lowest birth weight was recorded in first parity. Heavier d...

Effect of Slow Release Urea Supplementation ( Optigen ® ) on the Production Performance of Kaghani sheep

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of slow release urea supplementation (Optigen ® ) ... more The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of slow release urea supplementation (Optigen ® ) on the growth performance of grazing Kaghani sheep with special reference to weight gain, fleece weight and wool quality. Thirty healthy post-weaned male lambs of Kaghani sheep were selected and divided into two groups viz Group-A (treated group) and Group-B (control group) containing fifteen animals each. Sheep in both groups were kept on grazing and maize silage feeding ad libitum; however sheep in group A were additionally supplemented with Optigen ® at the dose rate of 10 grams/animal twice a day for 60 days. The animals were weighed individually at the start of experiment and weekly thereafter. Sheep were shorn at the end of experiment and fleece weight was recorded. The fiber types were determined by Benzol method before and after the experiment. Average body weight and fleece weight of animals treated with Optigen ® was significantly (P<0.05) higher as compared to control group. True, kemp and modulated fiber's quality was significantly (P<0.05) improved except heterotypical fiber with the Optigen ® supplementation. It was concluded that slow release urea supplementation (Optigen ® ) with maize silage feeding was effective in increasing body weight, fleece weight and wool quality in growing lambs.

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A Study on Phenotypic and Genetic Correlations between Birth Weight and other Growth Traits in Teddy Goat

Journal of Dairy, Veterinary & Animal Research, 2017

In present study data available on 20455 kidding and performance records of 5545 Teddy goats and ... more In present study data available on 20455 kidding and performance records of 5545 Teddy goats and progeny of 406 sires maintained as separate flocks at Livestock Experiment Stations Rakh Ghulaman, Rakh Khariewala and Chak Katora, Punjab, Pakistan was analyzed. The phenotypic, genetic and environmental correlations between birth weight and other growth traits were estimated by Bivariate REML analysis. The estimates of genetic, Phenotypic and environmental correlations between birth weight and weaning weight were 0.61, 0.20 and 0.19, between birth weight and weight at six months 0.39, 0.24 and 0.23, between birth weight and weight at nine months 0.25, 0.38 and 0.36, between birth weight and yearling weight 0.29, -0.01 and -0.02, between birth weight and pre-weaning daily gain 0.55, 0.31 and 0.29, respectively, while the corresponding values for these correlations between birth weight and post weaning daily gain at six months were 0.41, 0.15, 0.13, between birth weight and post weaning daily gain at nine months were 0.22, 0.17, 0.16, while between birth weight and post weaning daily gain at twelvemonths was 0.29, -0.06 and -0.09, respectively. The results indicated a positive correlation of the between birth weight and other growth traits, except yearling weight and post weaning daily gain at twelvemonths, which indicates that birth weight that selection on the basis of birth weight would result in increase in performance at later ages.

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Proteomic Analysis of Exosome-Like Vesicles Isolated From Saliva of the Tick Haemaphysalis longicornis

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2020

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), are considered as vehicles of cellular communication. Parasites usu... more Extracellular vesicles (EVs), are considered as vehicles of cellular communication. Parasites usually release EVs in their excretory-secretory products to modulate host environment. However, little is known about the secretion of EVs by ticks. In this study, we show for the first time that the tick Haemaphysalis longicornis secretes EVs in saliva that resembles exosomes. EVs were purified from pilocarpine induced saliva of partially engorged H. longicornis ticks. Electron microscopy analysis revealed the presence of exosome-like vesicles with a size of 100 nm. Proteomic analysis by LC-MS/MS identified a total of 356 proteins in tick-derived EVs. Proteome data of tick-derived EVs was validated by Western blot analysis. Immunodetection of Hsp70 and GAPDH proteins indicated that the proteomics data of tick-derived EVs were highly reliable. Bioinformatics analysis (Gene Ontology) indicated association of certain biological and molecular functions with proteins which may be helpful during tick development. Likewise, KEGG database revealed involvement of vesicular proteins in proton transport, detoxification, ECM-receptor interaction, ribosome, RNA transport, ABC transporters, and oxidative phosphorylation. The results of this study provide evidence that EVs are being secreted in tick saliva and suggest that tick saliva-derived EVs could play important roles in host-parasite relationships. Moreover, EVs could be a useful tool in development of vaccines or therapeutics against ticks.

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Modifications of histones in parasites as drug targets

Veterinary Parasitology, 2020

Post-translational modifications of histones and histone modifying enzymes play important roles i... more Post-translational modifications of histones and histone modifying enzymes play important roles in gene regulations and other physiological processes in parasites. Inhibitors of such modifying enzymes could be useful as novel therapeutics against parasitic diseases or as chemical probes for investigation of epigenetics. Development of parasitic histone modulators has got rapid expansion in the last few years. A number of highly potent and selective compounds have been reported, together with extensive preclinical studies of their biological activity. Some of these compounds have been widely used in humans targeting cancer and are found non-toxic. This review summarizes the antiparasitic activities of histone and histone modifying enzymes inhibitors evaluated in last few years. As the current chemotherapy against parasites is still not satisfactory, therefore, such compounds represents good starting points for the discovery of effective antiparasitic drugs.

The role of Glutathione, Cysteine and D-Penicillamine in exchanging Palladium and Vanadium metals from albumin metal complex

Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2017

Thiol groups are extensively present across biological systems being found in range of small mole... more Thiol groups are extensively present across biological systems being found in range of small molecules (e.g. Glutathione, Homo-cysteine) and proteins (e.g. albumin, haemo-globin). Albumin is considered to be a major thiol containing protein present in circulating Plasma. Albumin contains a single thiolate group located at cysteine-34(cys-34) at its active site. Albumin also binds a wide variety of metals and metals complexes at various sites around the protein. Usually heavy metals are preferentially attached with the thiol group of albumin. The binding of heavy metals at cys-34 provides a mechanism by which the residence time of potentially toxic species in the body can be increased. In this research we have assessed the oxidative modification of and metal binding capacity of cys-34 with heavy metals Palladium and Vanadium to investigate the ease with which it is possible to effect disulfide-thiol exchange at this sites/or remove a metal bound at this position. Both the metals were...

Genetic Evaluation Of Teddy Goats In Pakistan

Genetic Evaluation of Post-Weaning Growth Traits in Teddy Goats

Journal of Dairy, Veterinary & Animal Research, 2015

best linear unbiased prediction; EBVs, estimated breeding values b. Estimating breeding values of... more best linear unbiased prediction; EBVs, estimated breeding values b. Estimating breeding values of different post-weaning growth traits and c. To study the genetic trends in present flock so as to generate information, this will help in future development of breeding plans for genetic improvement in the breed. Materials and methods Source of data Data available for the analysis were collected from the breeding flock of Teddy goats maintained at three locations:

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Detection of Antibody to Newcastle Disease Virus in Human Sera in Pakistan

Ability of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) to elicit antibody response and clinical illness was ass... more Ability of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) to elicit antibody response and clinical illness was assessed in poultry workers from 12 districts of Punjab, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa and capital areas of Pakistan through a cross sectional sero-surveillance. Blood samples collected from 465 exposed and 25 unexposed individuals were tested for antibody titer against NDV through modified horse RBC haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. Among different worker groups, the highest geometric mean titer (GMT) value of 149 was recorded for vaccinator's group followed by poultry attendants (86); lab technicians (65); veterinarians (61) and butchers (26). Among in different districts, the highest GMT value (160) was recorded for Haripur, Sialkot and Toba Tek Singh districts followed by Multan (139); Gujranwala (130); Faisalabad (113); Bahawalnagar (98); Lahore (80); Rawalpindi (75); Chakwal (53); Sheikhupura (53) and Islamabad (26). Occupation/group and district wise the highest seropositivity was re...

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Seasonal Variations in Breeding and Calving Patterns of Nili-Ravi Buffaloes in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan

Buffalo Bulletin

A total of 10,254 artificial insemination records of 5,467 Nili-Ravi buffaloes from (i) the Artif... more A total of 10,254 artificial insemination records of 5,467 Nili-Ravi buffaloes from (i) the Artificial Insemination Section, Directorate of Animal Husbandry and (ii) the Livestock Development Research Centre, Raroo, Muzaffarabad, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan from 1989 to 2002, were utilized to study the seasonal variation and effect of season and month on breeding and calving patterns. The highest (56.57) breeding percentage was recorded in the autumn (October-November) season, while it was the lowest (0.48 percent) in the dry hot (May-June) season. Seventy-one (71) percent of Nili-Ravi buffaloes calved in the humid hot (July-September) season, while calving was the lowest (0.91percent) in the spring (February-April) season. The highest percentages (33.75) of buffaloes were observed in oestrus in the month of October, while the lowest percentage of buffaloes (0.13) showed oestrus in the month of June. The highest percentage of calvings took place in the month of August (34.46), while the ...

Environmental effects on growth traits of Teddy goats

Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences

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Estimation of genetic parameters for preweaning and postweaning growth traits in the Gudali beef cattle using multiple trait derivative free restricted maximum likelihood

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, 2012

Gudali beef calves were obtained from the Institute of Agricultural Research for Development, Cam... more Gudali beef calves were obtained from the Institute of Agricultural Research for Development, Cameroon. Data were edited to have complete information on calf, sire and dam identity, sex, dates and season of birth, herd and weights at birth (BWT), 6 months (6 MWT), weaning (WWT), 12 months (12 MWT), yearling (YWT), 18 months (18 MWT), 24 months (24 MWT) and 36 months (36 MWT). Genetic parameters were estimated using multiple trait derivative free restricted maximum likelihood (MTDFRML) program. The estimated direct (h 2 a ) and maternal (h 2 m ) heritabilities for BWT, 6 MWT, WWT, YWT, 18 MWT, 24 MWT and 36 MWT obtained were 0.39, 0.10, 0.25, 0.21, 0.18, 0.25, 0.18 and 0.05, 0.07, 0.11, 0.10, 0.05, 0.09, 0.07, respectively. Estimates of maternal genetic variance and corresponding heritabilities (h 2 m ) were lower than estimates for direct additive variance and heritability (h 2 a ). The genetic correlation between direct and maternal influence were negative. The across-trait direct and maternal genetic correlation estimates were medium to high with the exception of BWT and 18 MWT; BWT and 36 MWT, had negative values. The positive values reported for the additive and maternal correlations between the growth parameters indicate that selection for one trait resulted in genetic improvement in the other. The moderate values of heritabilities indicate that selection for growth traits was effective.

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Some Environmental Effects on Productive Performance of Nili- Ravi Buffaloes in Azad Kashmir

Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences

A total of 376 Performance records of 109 Nili-Ravi buffaloes maintained at Livestock Development... more A total of 376 Performance records of 109 Nili-Ravi buffaloes maintained at Livestock Development Research Centre, Raroo, Muzaffarabad, Azad Kashmir, during 1989-2003 were utilized for the evaluation of some environmental factors affecting 305-day milk yield, lactation length and dry period. The least squares means for 305-day milk yield was 2191.858+35.553 Kg. The effect of year and season of calving and parity was significant (P<0.01) on the trait. The least squares means for lactation length was 369.53+8.44 days. The effect of year and season of calving on lactation length was significant (P<0.01), while a non-significant effect of parity on the trait was observed in this study. The least squares means for dry period was 194.4+12.37 days. Dry period was significantly influenced by season and year of calving, while the effect of parity on dry period was non-significant in the present study.

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Analysis of FecG gene in lohi sheep breed using PCR-RFLP technique

by Zulfiqar Kuthu and Waqas Khan

The growth and follicles differentiation in ovary is controlled by the FecG gene of TGF-β superfa... more The growth and follicles differentiation in ovary is controlled by the FecG gene of TGF-β superfamily proteins. FecG (GDF9), FecB (BMPRIB) and FecX (BMP15) are three oocyte-derived genes of TGF-β superfamily, which have essential role in ovulation and follicular growth. This study was intended to identify the FecG mutation in 30 ewes of Lohi sheep. A fragment length of 139 bp of FecG gene at exon 2 was amplified with a forced PCR-RFLP primer pairs and products were digested with Ddel enzyme. The results revealed that there is no mutation at this locus, because Ddel enzyme could not recognize restriction site. In this study, we found wild type (++) alleles. The polymorphism analysis of Lohi sheep indicates that the reported mutation for litter size is not present in this breed. Therefore, it is important to identify other SNPs for FecG gene in Lohi sheep.

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