Papers by Antonella Dalle Zotte
Evolution of macroscopic and microscopic broiler breast alteration related to white striping
The aim of this study was to examine, whether the yolk ratio of hen's eggs has an effect on the h... more The aim of this study was to examine, whether the yolk ratio of hen's eggs has an effect on the hatching weight and on the heart and liver ratio to the liveweight in chicks at hatching. Altogether 3.500 hen's eggs -originated from the same company and from a 24 weeks old TETRA-H parent stock -were involved in the examination. The yolk ratio in the eggs was determined in vivo by means of computer tomography using a SIEMENS Somatom Emotion 6 multislice CT scanner at the Institute of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation Oncology of the Kaposvár University. Based on the measured values eggs were separated into three groups: eggs with extreme high, eggs with average and eggs with extreme low yolk content (10-10% in each group). All of these eggs (n=350 per group) were incubated thereafter. After hatching 30 chicks per group were randomly chosen and their liveweight and the weight of their heart and liver were measured thereafter. Based on the measured values it was established that the hatching weight of the chicks decreased with increasing the yolk ratio in the eggs (36.0±2.1, 35.8±2.9 and 34.8±2.0 in the case of chicks hatched from eggs with low, average and high yolk content, respectively). In spite of this the ratio of the heart and liver to the liveweight was increasing with increasing the yolk ratio in the eggs (heart (%): 0.92±0.13, 0.95±0.18 and 0.96±0.19; liver (%): 2.69±0.36, 2.70±0.33 and 2.75±0.34 in the case of chicks hatched from eggs with low, average and high yolk content, respectively). Based on the results it was concluded that -according to some former resultsthe higher albumen content in the eggs resulted in higher hatching weight and the higher yolk content in the eggs in better body composition in the chicks.
Wooden Breast myopathy in broiler chickens: does myowater have a role on hardness?
Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2017
Effect of the dietary inclusion of Spirulina platensis on the nutrient digestibility in the Guinea pig
Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2011
Insorgenza e prevalenza di “White striping” in broiler pesanti sottoposti a diversi programmi di controllo della coccidiosi
ABSTRACT White striping (WS) is a muscle alteration characterized by the presence of white striat... more ABSTRACT White striping (WS) is a muscle alteration characterized by the presence of white striations parallel to the direction of muscle fi bers that affects poultry meat. To evaluate the age of WS onset in broiler chickens, and the effect of diet and different coccidiosis control programs on WS prevalence an experimental study was conducted on 180 chickens. One-day-old chicks were randomly divided into four experimental treatments: control, coccidiostat, vaccinated, and vaccinated fed with a low energy diet. Twenty animals per treatment were sacrifi ced at 12 and 25 days of age, breasts were scored for WS (0=absence, 1=mild, 2=severe) and a sample of each breast was collected for histology. The remaining chickens were slaughtered at 51 days of age and breasts were scored for WS. WS appearance was detected grossly only at 25 and 51 days, but histological lesion were present since 12 days of age. At 51 days the WS prevalence was above 90% in all groups, no differences were found between the two different diets, but a signifi cantly higher prevalence of score 2 was present in the Coccidiostat group vs others (P<0.001), suggesting a coccidiostat effect on WS appearance.
The welfare evaluation of laying hens reared with alternative housing systems
Italian Journal of Animal Science, Mar 7, 2016
RIASSUNTO Effetto del sistema di stabulazione sullo stato di benessere della gallina ovaiola – Du... more RIASSUNTO Effetto del sistema di stabulazione sullo stato di benessere della gallina ovaiola – Duecentosettanta ovaiole di 15 settimane di età furono differentemente stabulate per 9 settimane. Controllo (C): gabbia tradizionale, 667 cm2/capo, nessun arricchimento. Gabbia arricchita a un piano (1L-EC): 983 cm2/capo, nidi (5 ovaiole/nido), lettiera su box, posatoi. Gabbia arricchita a 3 piani (3L-EC): 1000 cm2/capo, piano inferiore con lettiera, piano intermedio in legno lamellare con mangiatoie (4cm/capo), piano superiore con posatoi e nidi (5 ovaiole/nido). L’ingestione alimentare fu superiore nei gruppi C (uso “ludico”) e 3L-EC (aumentati fabbisogni energetici conseguenti a maggior movimento) rispetto a quello 1L-EC (P<0.01). La posizione centrale della gabbia fu occupata dal 71% degli animali della tesi C, dal 52% e 34% delle tesi 1L-EC e 3L-EC, rispettivamente. Il gruppo C utilizzò maggiormente la mangiatoia (P<0.01). Il gruppo 3L-EC utilizzò maggiormente i nidi e i posatoi, rispetto al gruppo 1L-EC.
Effect of diet thermal treatment on excretion and digestibility in broiler chickens
Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2007
Abstract Three hundred and twenty 1-d-old chicks (Ross 508 strain) were divided into 2 groups. Up... more Abstract Three hundred and twenty 1-d-old chicks (Ross 508 strain) were divided into 2 groups. Up to 56 d of age 2 group fed as meal a commercial diet (C), while the other group received the C diet submitted to a further thermal mal process (Buhler technology, DTMT4000) which hygenize the meal by the addition of steam (diet T), up to the mass temperature of 85°C for 180 sec, followed by drying for 90 sec, obtaining the Sanix diet of Natcor s.n.c. Ac 33 d of age, 8 chicks per treatment (sex balanced) were allocated to individual cages provided with individual feeder, drinker, steel tray for total collection of excreta. Digestibility trial lasted 5 d, according to the protocol of Francesch et al. (2002) and, to measure the dietary Apparent Metabolisable Energy (AME), the European reference method of Bourdillon et al. (1990) was followed. Diets were analysed for chemical composition, starch, filter fractions and GE contents. ANOVA tested the diet, the gender and their interactions as fixed effects. Thermal heat treatment increased the content of crude fat but reduced the content of starch of T diets, resulting in a moderate increase of the gross energy content. The analysed composition of C and T diets (as-fed basis) was, respectively: CP 20.1 and 19.7%; EE 7.2 and 8.7%; crude fibre 2.8 and 2.7%; ash 5.5 and 5.7%; starch 35.0 and 33Θ% GE 17.05 and 17.30 MJ/kg. Compared to C diet, the steam treatment of the T diet significantly reduced the fresh excretion (484 vs 578g; P<0.05) but increased the excretion of the DM (22 vs 17%; P<0.001). The digestibility of the nutrients was not affected by the diets except for the ash that was higher in T diet than in C diet (31.9M 21.1%; P<0.001). The digestibility of the other nutrients of C and T diet was, respectively: dDM 67.0 and 66.9% dEE 70.2 and 70.2%; dStarch 97.7 and 97.2%; dNDF 11.7 and 12.8%; dEnergy 70.8 and 70.0%; AME 13.7 and 13.7 MJ/kg DM. Retained protein was 60.4% for C diet and 62.7% for T diet. The digestibility of the nutrients was not affected by the gender even if males were on average heavier than females (1936 vs 1700g; P<0.05) and produced greater fresh excreta (572 vs 490g; P<0.05). It can be concluded that the meal hygenization with this particular steaming process seems to be advantageous from the bird's health point of view, by the way of production of more concentrate droppings, that represents a positive effect on the litter and on the air qualities.
Effect of feeding plane and category of rabbit on digestive efficiency and nitrogen balance
Zootecnica e Nutrizione Animale, Dec 28, 1992
Effect of the dietary enrichment with animal fat and vitamin E on rabbit meat shelf-life and sensory properties
Animal Science, Aug 1, 1992
Changes in body composition during lactation in 40 primiparous rabbits were studied by comparativ... more Changes in body composition during lactation in 40 primiparous rabbits were studied by comparative slaughter. The results were used to determine the utilization of digestible energy (DE) and digestible protein (DP) and their partitioning between maternal body, milk and foetal tissues. Twelve does were slaughtered immediately after their first parturition (first slaughter group) to estimate initial body composition. The 28 remaining does were remated 1 to 3 days after parturition and divided into two groups offered a pelleted diet at different levels: group L, fed ad libitum and group R, fed 0-75 of ad libitum. The 19 does that were pregnant (10 of L group, 9 of R group) were kept in individual metabolism cages until their second parturition. They were then slaughtered with their litters. Milk yield was higher (147-0 v. 117-2 g/day, P < 0-02) and live-weight loss was lower (-42 v. -294 g) in group L than in group R. The food intakes were 304-7 and 234-4 g/day, respectively. Body composition of the does changed substantially between the first and second parturition, with a considerable loss of fat and some loss of protein. A large decrease in empty body (digesta-free body) weight was observed in both groups. The loss of energy corresponded to proportionately 0-32 and 0-41 of the initial body energy, in L and R groups respectively. The DE requirement for maintenance was estimated to be 468 kj/day per kg M 0 ' 75 and the efficiencies of utilization of DE and body energy for milk production were 0-63 and 0-76, respectively. The efficiency of utilization of DE for foetal tissue synthesis was estimated to be 0-27 throughout pregnancy. The DP requirement for maintenance was 3-80 g/day per kg M"' 75 and the efficiency of utilization of DP for milk protein production was 0-76 and of body protein 0-61. The efficiency of utilization of DP for foetal protein synthesis was 0-46.
Effect of genotype, sex and yolk ratio of hatching eggs on some meat quality parameters of chickens
Állattenyésztés és Takarmányozás, 2015
Effetto del piano alimentare post-svezzamento sulle prestazioni riproduttive delle giovani coniglie
Effetto dell'età e del peso di macellazione sulla qualità della carcassa e delle carni di coniglio
Analisi della carne di coniglio mediante spettroscopia NIR
Proceedings of the 9th World Rabbit Congress, Verona, Italy, 10-13 June 2008., 2008
The objective of the research was to study the effect of different feeding levels before the firs... more The objective of the research was to study the effect of different feeding levels before the first kindling on the reproductive performance and blood plasma profile of rabbit does and on the litter performance during two reproductive cycles. The trial was carried out on Grimaud female rabbits (15 weeks old) reared according to three nutritive treatments: the control group (C) was fed ad libitum a commercial pellet (CF=18.7% DM; DE=11.7 MJ/kg DM), the restricted group (R) was fed an 80% ad libitum intake of commercial feed and the fiber group (F) was fed ad libitum a high-fiber pellet (CF=24.6% DM; DE=9.8 MJ/kg DM). The experimental diets were offered for 8 weeks until the first kindling, after which the does were fed the control pellet ad libitum. A blood sample was taken from each doe five days after delivery. At the first reproductive cycle, the live body weight of the females at the end of the treatment was significantly different, as C rabbits had a higher (P<0.01) body weight than those R and F groups. The growth rate was higher (P<0.01) in C rabbits than in R females and the F group was intermediate. Feed intake was higher (P<0.01) in F rabbits than in C subjects; the R females showed the lowest (P<0.01) consumption. After first delivery, the C and F rabbits exhibited higher (P<0.05) body weights than R does, but at weaning the females of the three groups had similar live weight. The F group had a higher (P<0.05) number of inseminations/pregnancy and a higher (P<0.05) insemination-pregnancy interval compared to the other groups. The interpartum interval did not exhibit different values among the groups. The F group produced litters with higher (P<0.05) birth weight because of lower litter size than the C and R groups. At weaning the litter weight was similar among the groups. The number of rabbits at weaning was similar for the three groups as well as the mortality rate. Blood triglycerides levels were higher (P<0.05) in F and R does than in C females. Neither total proteins nor urea levels differed. Regarding mineral content, plasma calcium was higher (P<0.05) in R does than in the other two groups and phosphorus was higher (P<0.05) in R and F females. The results indicate that feed restriction on pubertal females up to one week before the first parturition affects the growth and has significant effects on certain reproductive and physiological parameters during the first reproductive cycle. It does not, however, negatively influence the productive response of litters. In the second reproductive cycle no relevant difference among the groups was observed for does and litter performance.
Proceedings of the 9th World Rabbit Congress, Verona, Italy, 10-13 June 2008, 2008
The muscle pH evolution and its final value (pHu) have important influence on the keeping qualiti... more The muscle pH evolution and its final value (pHu) have important influence on the keeping qualities of meat, as affecting proteins structures and water holding capacity. Thirty hybrid female rabbits of 15 weeks of age were randomly divided into three groups and fed with one of the three following diets: "C diet" for young females (DE=11.71 MJ/kg DM) was fed ad libitum; "R diet" was fed at 80% of ad libitum (quantitative rationing), "F diet" was rich in fibre (24.6% vs. 18.7% of C diet; DE=9.77 MJ/kg DM) and fed ad libitum (qualitative rationing). The does were inseminated at the 19 th week of age. The three diets were administered until the first parturition, afterwards all the does received the C diet ad libitum. The offspring received a commercial pelleted diet balanced for growing rabbits. Two newborn rabbits per litter were chosen at the first and second parturition of does. They were then slaughtered at 36 d of age (weaning) and at 81 d of age, respectively. The trial considered the offspring's post mortem pH evolution of muscle Longissimus dorsi (LD). To analyze the muscle pH evolution according to the time, pH was measured at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 24 hours post mortem. Each measure was performed in duplicate to obtain reliable data. These analyses evaluated the evolution of m. LD post mortem pH according to the offspring's age (36 and 81 days of age), maternal diet (C, R, F), physiological state (pregnant, non-pregnant), and parity order (first, second). Significant differences (P<0.01) were found in muscle pH according to the age, having younger rabbits higher m. LD pHu reached with lower decline. Quantitative maternal feed rationing originates higher m. LD pHu of offspring of 81 days of age (P<0.01). The physiological state of does had no any effect on the post mortem pH of offspring's m. LD. Offspring of the first kindling exhibited significantly higher muscle pH from 6 h post mortem onward (P<0.01).
Meat Science, 2019
The effect of olive oil inclusion on the chemical and sensory characteristics in cabanossi made w... more The effect of olive oil inclusion on the chemical and sensory characteristics in cabanossi made with ostrich and warthog meat was investigated. Ostrich meat from two cottonseed oilcake (CSOC) dietary inclusion levels (0% CSOC and 9% CSOC), and olive oil were included at three levels (0%, 1% and 2%) resulting in six treatments. The fat content in the cabanossi increased with increasing levels of oil inclusion but were all <10%, which allows it to be classified as a low fat meat product. Total monounsaturated fatty acids in the cabanossi increased whilst total saturated fatty acids and total polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased as olive oil increased. The 0% CSOC cabanossi had a lower fat and higher crude protein content. The inclusion of olive oil at 2% resulted in a cabanossi with increased tenderness, juiciness and cured red meat colour, all factors that appeal to the consumer, while the overall flavour descriptors were not adversely affected by the inclusion of olive oil.
Animal Science Papers and Reports, 2015
Seventy-two Warren strain laying hens were fed 4 isonitrogenous diets ad libitum for 61 days in o... more Seventy-two Warren strain laying hens were fed 4 isonitrogenous diets ad libitum for 61 days in order to investigate the effects of different sources of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on hen performance, egg production, fatty acid (FA) composition and egg quality. Extruded linseed (EL), ground linseed (GL) and a commercial fish oil source (NF) were added to the control diet (C) at 10.0, 10.0, and 3.4%, respectively. The eggs were collected daily and subjected to measurement and analysis ten times throughout the experimental period. Compared to the C diet, the NF diet significantly improved egg production efficiency (P<0.01) and overall egg weight/hen ratio (P<0.05), whereas the GL and NF diets led to a reduction in hen weight gain (P<0.01). Equilibrium in the yolk FA profile was reached after 14 days of dietary n-3 PUFA source inclusion. All experimental diets significantly affected yolk FA composition and reduced the n-6/n-3 ratio (11.4, 2.0, 2.3, and 2.0 at equilibrium for C, EL, GL, and NF, respectively; P<0.05). Yolk redness (a* values: -1.13 vs -2.25 and -2.96) and yellowness (b* values: 50.7 vs 48.5 and 48.2) were significantly reduced by both linseedsupplemented diets (C vs EL and GL, respectively; P<0.05). Moreover, the form of linseed in the diet (extruded vs ground) significantly affected yolk n-3 PUFA content (7.1 vs 6.4 % total FAME for EL and GL, respectively; P<0.05), and the extruded form significantly enhanced the rate of inclusion, thereby illustrating the importance of feed source processing in egg quality traits.
The Use of Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy in the Prediction of the Chemical Composition of Goose Fatty Liver
Poultry Science, Nov 1, 2001
ABSTRACT
Uploads
Papers by Antonella Dalle Zotte