Papers by Carmen Rosskopf
The ancient Samnitic and Roman towns of Bovianum, located at the base of the northern slope of th... more The ancient Samnitic and Roman towns of Bovianum, located at the base of the northern slope of the Matese Mountains and partially extending within one of the most depressed sectors of the Boiano intramontane basin, were strongly influenced by historical palaeoenvironmental changes mainly due to climatic and man-induced variations and subordinately to the effects of historical seismicity. These changes influenced the evolution in time of the urban settlement layout extensions, which shifted alternatively towards the Matese slope and its piedmont area and the plain. In particular the Samnitic-Roman Municipium (IV century B.C.-I century A.C.) was located mainly within the piedmont area and only partially within the plain, while other smaller settlements were founded at the top of the palaeosurfaces of Mt. Crocella and Civita. From the I to the IV century A.C., the Roman Colonia expanded both towards the plain and the slope, thanks to the reclamation of the most depressed sectors of the...
I geositi dell'Alto Molise
Monitoring beach erosion along the Italian coast: the case of Molise regional coast (Central Adriatic)
The prehistory of Biferno Valley (Molise): new contributions and interpretations
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Dec 1, 2018
Le pressioni sul suolo da attività estrattive
Detecting soil and land degradation by an integrated approach based on DTM terrain analysis and satellite remote sensing: an example from an area in Molise region (southern Italy)
The EGU General Assembly, 2005
Soil erosion is one of the main environmental problems in the Mediterranean area. This problem is... more Soil erosion is one of the main environmental problems in the Mediterranean area. This problem is becoming even more important especially in the central Apennines, where several erosive processes, frequently favoured by intensive land use, occur due to the action of concentrated running water in few hours. To investigate on the relationships between soil characteristics and local morphologic-topographical features, a study was carried out in the southern part of Italy which is located in Molise region within the middle little valley (Trigno River). In the study area, a systematic sampling of topsoil was performed to evaluate by means of geostatistical techniques the relationships between soil erodibility and superficial soil structure, texture and organic matter content. The results show clear evidence about the relation between the topsoil characteristics and morphometric indexes. In particular, the differences in topsoil erodibilty appear to be directly related to slope morphology and to the specific morphodynamic features. The observed relationships reflect the possibility to better evaluate both the soil erodibility factor (K) used within the USLE equation and the spatial variability of physical and chemical soil characteristics on the basis of digital terrain analyses, and so better predict soil loss rates.
Evoluzione recente e rischio di erosione della costa molisana (Italia meridionale)
Bollettino della Società Geologica Italiana, 2009
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Uav Digital Photogrammetric Analysis for Soil Erosion Evaluation in the Rivo Catchment: Preliminary Results
Environmental Earth Sciences, May 1, 2018
Coastal erosion and flooding are the main hazards affecting coastal areas, especially low-lying o... more Coastal erosion and flooding are the main hazards affecting coastal areas, especially low-lying ones, which are particularly prone to damage by storm surges. Due to climate change and socio-economic development, the potential impacts of coastal hazards are globally increasing, and erosion and flooding processes will persist in the future especially when considering the future sea level rise projections. In this paper, we have applied an index-based methodology for the evaluation of the present-day susceptibility to erosion and flooding processes along an Italian Adriatic coastal stretch, the Molise coast. The susceptibility indexes that characterize the coastal system in terms of beach and dune system morphologies, shoreline evolution, wave climate effect, river features and coastal topography, have allowed for dividing the study coast into stretches according to their degree of erosion and flooding susceptibility. To identify the hotspot areas, i.e., the areas characterized by the highest potential coastal risk, susceptibility and socio-economic exposure indexes have been combined. The latter have been evaluated for coastal sectors of 1 km according to the CRAF 1 phase of the RISC-KIT index-method, based on indicators referring to land use categories, economic activities and social vulnerability. Taking in consideration the IPCC sea level projections, future hazard scenarios based on estimated global sea level rise by 2065 and 2100 have been evaluated by means of specific erosion and flooding models executed for the hotspot areas. These scenarios have shown that sea level rise will cause strong erosion of beach and dune systems along the study coast, exposing the economic activities and ecological assets to potential serious damage. The study highlights that correct predictions of future coastal hazard scenarios are essential for the assessment of the long term coastal risk and the definition of related prevention and mitigation measures. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article ( 5-018-7535-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
A large-scaled analysis on the spatial variability of soil parameters and its relation to soil erodibility and landscape characteristics in Southern Italy (Molise Region)
Types and mechanism of shallow slope failures affecting the soil-regolith cover: a case study from Molise region (S. Italy)
The EGU General Assembly, 2005
Il danno economico e ambientale causato da frane nei territori rurali. Proposta metodologica per la valutazione e la realizzazione di strumenti di supporto alle decisioni
Predicting rill erosion due to extreme rainfall events on a small hillslope in Spain using the Landscape Evolution Model (LEM)&#160
<p>Landscape evolution models (LEMs) simulate geomorphic changes in landscapes and,... more <p>Landscape evolution models (LEMs) simulate geomorphic changes in landscapes and, among them, modern models can provide a quantitative estimation of sediment fluxes and geomorphological processes under changing land use and climate at different spatial and temporal scales. Although much progress has been made in the development of LEMs, few works have tested their prediction capability for single extreme rainfall events on a slope with well-defined topographic and geomorphological initial parameters, leaving for uncertain if LEMs are useful and accurate enough for this purpose. In this study, CAESAR-Lisflood LEM was used to predict a geomorphological scenario following a single rainfall event that caused rill erosion on an almond orchard in a sloping area. The high resolution aerial imagery, acquired by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) after the rainfall event, allowed generating a digital surface model (DSM) with a high spatial resolution (i.e. 1.5 cm) by applying the structure-from motion (SfM) image technique. To reconstruct the topography prior to the rainfall event useful for the application of the Caesar-Lisflood LEM, we generated a pre-rill landscape using an authomatic method for rill extraction and characterization. This method provided an objective rill description with a cm-accuracy and-resolution. To evaluate the accuracy of the LEM model, the characteristics of some rills produced by this model were compared with a well-known field measurement method (i.e. ISUM - Improved Stock Unearthing Method). Our results show that LEMs allow to make reliable predictions even of short-term scenarios of rill development, thus confirming the high potential of such an approach in reconstructing geomorphological evolution and lanscapes dynamics.</p>
Geosciences
Punta Licosa promontory is located in the northern part of the Cilento coast, in the southern Tyr... more Punta Licosa promontory is located in the northern part of the Cilento coast, in the southern Tyrrhenian basin. This promontory is bordered by sea cliffs connected to a wide shore platform sloping slightly towards the sea. This area has been considered stable at least since Late Pleistocene, as testified by a series of evidence well known in the literature. The aim of this research is to reconstruct the main coastal changes that have occurred in this area since the middle Holocene by means of the literature data, aerial photo interpretation, satellite images, GPS measurements, direct underwater surveys, GIS elaborations of high-resolution DTMs, bathymetric data and high-resolution orthophotos taken by UAV. Particular attention was paid to the wide platform positioned between −7.2 ± 1.2 m MSL and the present MSL, this being the coastal landform interpreted as the main consequence of sea cliff retreat. The elevation of this landform was compared with the GIA models calculated for the ...
Late Quaternary sea-level variations and geomorphic coastal responses in southern Italy: the Punta Licosa case study (Campania region)
<p>The Punta Licosa promontory is located in the northern part of Cilento coast in ... more <p>The Punta Licosa promontory is located in the northern part of Cilento coast in the southern Tyrrhenian basin. In this attractive landscape, depositional and erosional landforms, located both above and below sea level, can be considered a challenge of scientific interest to reconstruct the geomorphological evolution under the control of sea-level changes occurred during the late Quaternary period. The geomorphological study of this area took into account data provided by literature, aerial photo interpretation, GPS measurements, geological surveys, GIS elaborations of high-resolution DTMs, bathymetric data and high-resolution orthophotos taken by unmanned aerial vehicles. The detected landforms were grouped based on morphogenetic and morphoevolutive criteria, paying particular attention to several orders of shore platforms recognized both in the emerged and submerged sectors. Thanks to their analysis, the response of this coastal system to sea-level stands and changes since MIS 7 was detailed reconstructed. According to our reconstructions, three different phases of sea-level stand were identified along the emerged coastal sector. The first sea-level stand is documented by the inner margins of shore platform remnants detected at 9.5 m MSL, ascribed to the MIS5e highstand, according to several authors. The second sea-level stand is poorly testified in our study area but is chronologically well-constrained at Cala Infreschi (southern part of Cilento promontory) thanks to aeolian sands located at 2.7 ± 0.1 MSL and dated by Bini et al. (2020) to 109.1 ± 0.8 ka BP (MIS5d). The third sea-level stand was extensively mapped along the entire coastal sector at about 4.5 m a.s.l. and dated by Iannace et al. (2001) to 102 ± 4 ka BP (MIS5c). The heights at which the above-mentioned sea-level stands are located suggest that the study area gained substantial tectonic stability since MIS 7. This deduction was the starting point of the second research phase in which the morphometric analysis of bathymetric data, coupled with a reinterpretation of literature data, provided clear evidence of sea-level stands occurred since the post-glacial sea-level rise and recognized at depths of about -43/-56 m, -16/-20 m and -8/-10 m MSL. Particular attention was paid to the wide platform formed after the Holocene slowdown in sea-level rise positioned between - 6 m MSL and the present MSL. By comparing our spatial analysis of this landform and the GIA models calculated for the southern Tyrrhenian area, we established that this platform was shaped during the last 6500 years, experiencing retreating rates of 0.030 m/yr, 0.046 m/yr, and 0.039 m/yr in the northern, central, and southern sector of Cilento promontory, respectively. In conclusion, our approach demonstrates the effectiveness of a multi-temporal geomorphological analysis, in order to reconstruct the coastal response to RSL variations in stable contexts along high rocky sectors.</p><p><strong>References</strong></p><p>Bini, M., et al. "An end to the Last Interglacial highstand before 120 ka: Relative sea-level evidence from Infreschi Cave (Southern Italy)." Quaternary Science Reviews 250 (2020): 106658.</p><p>Iannace, A., et al. "The OIS 5c along Licosa cape promontory (Campania region, southern Italy): morphostratigraphy and U/Th dating." Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie 45.3 (2001): 307-320.</p>
Census and valorisation of geosites in the Province of Isernia (Molise)
Erosion risk assessment along the Gran Canaria Island coastline
The deep seated landslide of M. La Civita (Molise, southern Italy)
Integrazione tra tecniche di analisi ambientale e GIS nello studio dei processi d'erosione idrica superficiale
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Papers by Carmen Rosskopf