Journals & Proceedings by Prof Dr Lilia Halim
This paper discusses the concepts and the contents of intervention program modules for integrativ... more This paper discusses the concepts and the contents of intervention program modules for integrative Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Education based on tauhid – the integration of Aqli and Naqli knowledge. This integration is designed to produce Ulul Albab (those deeply rooted in knowledge). The Ulul Albab Empowerment Modules by STEMind (STEM islamic and da`wah), a pioneering group of applied sciences and educational researchers under UKM’s Education and Civilization Niche, are modules that integrate cross-disciplinary STEM teaching and learning with results from Tawhidic Science research activities delivered directly to the grass roots (school students). The modules applied the constructivism theory with learning-by-doing and scaffolding approaches, with facilitators guiding and connecting students’ learning experiences with excerpts from Al-Qur’an as essences in self-development and self-reflection. The modules were organized into six themes each containing several units; beginning with development of self-conciousness as khalifah, to shaping of the ummah with technological advancements inspired from nature (alam). This effort was expected to mould realization of the modules, which were integrative in sense and thus far had been pioneered through an intervention program for building the next line of Ulul Albab.
Papers by Prof Dr Lilia Halim
Pembangunan dan keberkesanan modul inovasi kereta solar dalam projek berasaskan sains terhadap motivasi dan pemikiran inovatif pelajar sains
Kekurangan pelajar yang bermotivasi dan mempunyai pemikiran inovatif dalam subjek Sains boleh mem... more Kekurangan pelajar yang bermotivasi dan mempunyai pemikiran inovatif dalam subjek Sains boleh membantut pembangunan negara. Kajian ini melibatkan dua peringkat; pertama, pembinaan modul Inovasi Kereta Solar (I-SolBatCar) yang merujuk kepada model Dick dan Carey (1996) yang menggabungkan khazanah ilmu (FoK), analisis kerangka logik (LFA) dan strategi Konstruktivisme Needham Lima Fasa. Peringkat kedua, menguji keberkesanan pendekatan Projek Berasaskan Sains Inovasi (PBS-I) yang mengintegrasikan modul I-SolBatCar sewaktu pengajaran ko-kurikulum terhadap motivasi dan pemikiran inovatif pelajar sains. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kuasi eksperimen dengan faktorial 3x2. Faktor pertama ialah pendekatan pengajaran yang terdiri daripada PBS-I, Projek Berasaskan Sains (PBS) dan Pendekatan Biasa (PB). Faktor kedua ialah tahap kebolehan kognitif pelajar yang terdiri daripada kognitif tinggi (KT) dan kognitif rendah (KR). Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 120 orang pelajar sains sekolah menengah dan enam orang guru di enam buah sekolah harian pinggir bandar. Data kuantitatif diperolehi daripada Ujian Pra (Motivasi Awal dan Pemikiran Inovatif Awal) serta Ujian Pasca (Motivasi Akhir dan Pemikiran Inovatif Akhir) yang ditadbirkan ke atas sampel kajian. Selain daripada itu, kajian juga disokong oleh data kualitatif daripada analisis Jurnal Refleksi Pelajar. Bagi analisis motivasi, analisis ANOVA satu hala menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan min skor Motivasi Akhir yang signifikan antara ketiga-tiga kumpulan kajian, iaitu pelajar yang mengikuti pendekatan PBS-I menunjukkan peningkatan Motivasi Akhir yang lebih baik berbanding PBS dan PB. Keputusan analisis ANCOVA dua hala mendapati terdapat kesan interaksi yang signifikan antara Pendekatan Pengajaran dengan Tahap Kognitif pelajar terhadap motivasi akhir. Pelajar yang mengikuti PBS-I, sama ada pelajar Kognitif Tinggi (KT) atau Kognitif Rendah (KR) menunjukkan peningkatan motivasi yang lebih tinggi berbanding pelajar dalam kumpulan PBS dan kumpulan PB. Bagi analisis pemikiran inovatif, analisis ANOVA satu hala mendapati pelajar yang mengikuti PBS-I menunjukkan min skor Pemikiran Inovatif Akhir yang signifikan berbanding PBS dan PB. Selain daripada itu, ANOVA dua hala mendapati tidak terdapat kesan interaksi yang signifikan antara Pendekatan Pengajaran dengan Tahap Kognitif pelajar terhadap Pemikiran Inovatif Akhir. Pelajar KT dan KR dalam kumpulan PBS-I mempunyai pemikiran inovatif yang lebih tinggi berbanding pelajar dalam kumpulan PBS dan PB. Pendekatan PBS memberi lebih kebaikan dari segi motivasi dan pemikiran inovatif pelajar kepada kedua-dua kumpulan KT dan KR berbanding dengan PB. Sementara itu, pendekatan PBS-I yang memberi penekanan terhadap khazanah ilmu, analisis kerangka logik (LFA) dan strategi konstruktivisme memberi lebih kebaikan terhadap peningkatan motivasi dan pemikiran inovatif bagi pelajar KT dan KR berbanding dengan PBS dan PB. Analisis Jurnal Refleksi pelajar mendapati pendekatan PBS-I dan PBS dapat mewujudkan suasana pembelajaran yang ceria dan membina resiliensi kendiri pelajar. Guru disarankan menjadikan PBS-I sebagai pendekatan alternatif dalam pengajaran sewaktu aktiviti ko-kurikulum untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar Fizik dan pemikiran inovatif pelajar.
Membudayakan Sains Dalam Komuniti:Keperluan Dan Cadangan
Proceeding 7th International Seminar on Regional Education, Jan 27, 2016
Abstrak Apabila disebut tentang sains, maka terbayanglah kepada kita bagaimana kemajuan sains dan... more Abstrak Apabila disebut tentang sains, maka terbayanglah kepada kita bagaimana kemajuan sains dan teknologi membawa keselesaan hidup dan kemajuan sesebuah masyarakat secara amnya. Pada masa yang sama, kesan perkembangan sains dan teknologi tidak sentiasa mendatangkan keselesaan hidup. Isu pencemaran sungai dan pemanasan global adalah disebabkan pengurusan dampak perkembangan sains dan teknologi yang tidak mampan. Kedua-dua senario ini memerlukan modal insan yang mampu menangani dampak sains dan teknologi terhadap diri sendiri, sosial, ekonomi dan persekitaran. Individu sedemikian dikatakan berliterasi sains. Individu ini merangkumi semua entiti dalam komuniti iaitu termasuk ibubapa dan institusi non formal berkait dalam pendidikan sains. Kertas kerja ini akan berbincang mengenai keperluan untuk sains dibudayakan dalam komuniti dan memberi cadangan kaedah membudayakan sains dalam komunti.
Prosiding SNPS (Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Sains), 2015
Critical thinking is seen as an important competency for academic and career success. In the cont... more Critical thinking is seen as an important competency for academic and career success. In the context of science education, critical thinking is important in order to be an effective citizen in the globalized world powered by rapid scientific and technological development. This paper begins by reviewing the literature on what is science ( knowledge and practices), and why critical thinking is important in science learning. The paper then draws on a few studies to demonstrate that critical thinking has two main components knowledge and skills. Also on how to develop components of critical thinking skills effectively. This paper also argues that critical thiking process can only be critical when it is developed with scientific attitude.
Journal of physics, Nov 1, 2018
This study aims to determine the influence of Inquiry-Based Learning for STEM Education towards s... more This study aims to determine the influence of Inquiry-Based Learning for STEM Education towards scientific literacy and physics problem-solving skills. This study used a quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest control group design. The population in this study is X grader students in SMA Negeri 1 Gondanglegi and the samples were chosen by cluster random sampling technique, resulted X MIA 1 as an experimental group and X MIA 2 as the control group. Each group consists of 26 students. Data collection was done by pretest and posttest for physics problem-solving skills. The result of t-test showed that p =0,013<0,05 and the average of the experiment group is 64,99 while the control group is 54,67. The experimental group was also measured in term of scientific literacy by using descriptive statistics and analyzed by using coding based on scientific literacy's rubric. The descriptive statistic showed that the average result of scientific literacy was 50,92. The result in this study by using inquiry-based learning for STEM Education showed that the physics problem-solving skills on the experimental group is different by the control group, and there was an effect on student's scientific literacy on experimental group.
Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, Feb 28, 2023
Kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk meneroka pengetahuan pedagogi isi kandungan (PPIK) guru sai... more Kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk meneroka pengetahuan pedagogi isi kandungan (PPIK) guru sains sekolah menengah bagi topik perubahan iklim. Untuk itu, kajian kuantitatif digunakan bagi tujuan tersebut. Pemilihan sampel kajian adalah dari kalangan guru sains sekolah menengah harian di sekitar Kuala Lumpur. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah soal selidik dengan menggunakan skala Likert lima mata. Instrumen ini terdiri daripada empat bahagian utama iaitu bahagian demografi (3 item), bahagian pengetahuan tentang perubahan iklim (18 item), bahagian pengetahuan pedagogi umum (23 item) dan bahagian pengetahuan pedagogi isi kandungan (13 item). Kesahan kandungan daripada penilaian pakar dijalankan dan analisis alfa Cronbach dilaksanakan bagi mengukur kebolehpercayaan instrumen. Nilai pekali alfa Cronbach secara keseluruhannya ialah 0.806. Analisis deskriptif digunakan bagi melihat tahap pengetahuan guru dalam ketiga-tiga komponen PPIK tersebut. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan pengetahuan guru terhadap perubahan iklim adalah pada tahap rendah. Namun begitu, pengetahuan guru terhadap pedagogi umum dan PPIK adalah pada tahap tinggi.
Frontiers in Psychology, Jun 9, 2022
Education digitization highly enthuses learners for deeper learning and developing thought proces... more Education digitization highly enthuses learners for deeper learning and developing thought processes in formulating problems and their solutions effectively in their reallife circumstances. Implementing computational thinking skills through programming in Malaysian primary and secondary school STEM curriculum create huge challenges, especially among STEM educators. This study highlights the integration of four major theories in developing the Metacognitive Empowerment by Computational Thinking (ME-CoT) learning module by cultivating computational thinking through programming skills to promote metacognitive awareness in Biology students. Pilot research was conducted to investigate the reliability of the ME-CoT learning module. Since the study sample was less than 30 students then, the consistency of the measurements, Pearson's r was calculated to identify stability reliability. Findings revealed that the ME-CoT learning module has very strong stability reliability with a value of r = 0.974 and provides advantages such as assisting students to understand the content of the lesson more actively and in a fun way.
Science curriculum that emphasizes science process skills (SPS) will be able to help students acq... more Science curriculum that emphasizes science process skills (SPS) will be able to help students acquire and understand information, as well as improve skills in critical thinking and decision making. Consequently, the SPS should be systematically taught to the students from as early as at primary school. To produce students who acquire the science process skills, the teacher should be competent in SPS; theoretically and practically. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the teachers' perception on their understanding of integrated SPS, conceptual knowledge and the competence level of integrated SPS of primary school teachers in Kuala Lumpur. A questionnaire was administered to 329 science teachers from 52 primary schools that have been selected randomly. The reliability of the instrument is 0.80. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential analysis (t-test and ANOVA). The findings showed that majority of teachers (74.1% to 83.6%) perceived that they have a high level of understanding on each of the sub-component of an integrated SPS. However teachers' perception on their level of understanding of the integrated SPS was found to be inconsistent with the actual level of understanding (conceptual knowledge). Teachers had a low level of conceptual understanding of the integrated SPS. The findings also revealed that science teachers did not have sufficient conceptual knowledge of integrated SPS to teach their students to understand it in a meaningful way. However, the competency level of the integrated SPS among teachers is high with a mean of 20.86. As a conclusion, the study showed that teachers competency in the integrated SPS is good at the practical stage but not theoretically. Therefore, emphasis should be given to integrated SPS both conceptual and operational knowledge in pre and in-service training to ensure that the teachers understand, acquire and are able to implement the skills meaningfully.
Jurnal Kejuruteraan
The objective of the paper is to present findings of a Science Technology Engineering and Mathema... more The objective of the paper is to present findings of a Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) outreach program on Smart Control Helicopter. The program involved 27 school students in Selangor, Malaysia where they learned a microcontroller board called Arduino to control mini helicopters. Students had exposed to the procedures to assemble simple circuits for the control system, the connection process of the circuit to a microcontroller, and communication with the computer. The activity has equipped the students with basic knowledge in performing accurate programming to maneuver a mini helicopter. A few university students assisted the learning activities based on a developed module. The program was conducted in the form of a competition to self-motivate the students. The students completed a questionnaire and quiz on the technical knowledge of technology and electronics. As a result, students were able to gain knowledge on the related skills and showed active participa...
Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH)
Air merupakan sumber semula jadi yang penting dan isu permintaan air yang tinggi menyebabkan sumb... more Air merupakan sumber semula jadi yang penting dan isu permintaan air yang tinggi menyebabkan sumber air yang ada pada masa kini menjadi semakin terhad. Maka terdapat keperluan untuk melahirkan generasi baru yang mempunyai kesedaran dan kemahiran untuk mengamalkan tingkah laku penjimatan air melalui pendidikan. Maka Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia, melalui Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Menengah (KSSM) melaksanakan pendidikan alam sekitar termasuk pendidikan berkaitan air secara merentas kurikulum dan mata pelajaran sains merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran yang terlibat dalam menerapkan pengetahuan berkaitan air. Namun masih kurang kajian untuk mengenal pasti sumbangan pengetahuan berfungsi air terhadap pembentukan niat pelajar terhadap tingkah laku penjimatan air. Maka kaedah tinjauan menggunakan soal selidik telah dilaksanakan melibatkan 362 orang pelajar tingkatan dua di daerah Melaka Tengah bagi mendapatkan maklumat bagaimana pengetahuan berfungsi air termasuk konstruk yang dinyatak...
International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development
The spirit of innovation in education has become part of the methods used to reform the way knowl... more The spirit of innovation in education has become part of the methods used to reform the way knowledge is learned. Many researchers and educators have continuously made significant efforts to encourage the use of a STEM-integrated approach in the classroom. However, several obstacles exist, such as a lack of teaching resources and pedagogical content knowledge, when teachers want to incorporate the approach into mathematics classrooms. Thus, the Malaysian Statistics Module for Form Four Students (MySTAT4) module was developed to nurture teachers' and students' statistical thinking and inventive skills such as reasoning, critical thinking, and creativity. In this paper, we present the conceptual framework of the MySTAT4 module and demonstrate a brief lesson for teaching and learning a statistics topic based on the approach. Through a content analysis method, we reviewed and analysed literature and documents on STEM-integrated approaches and statistics topics to produce the MySTAT4 framework that connects problem-solving and problem-based learning. The framework is suitable for assisting the STEM and mathematics education communities in developing, providing standard lesson materials and assessment tools, and innovating integrated pedagogical approaches to statistics topics. By utilising the framework, both practitioners and researchers can adapt a common foundation that relates the ways, steps, processes, and activities of problem-solving across interdisciplinary domains into a single point of reference.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Sep 9, 2022
Physics achievement at the secondary school is not encouraging, and physics teachers are not keen... more Physics achievement at the secondary school is not encouraging, and physics teachers are not keen to implement creativity-based learning. This affects students' involvement in physics learning, plus, the affective aspects of students not given attention because it is considered not to influence students' examination grades. The main purpose of this research was to analyses the contribution of creativity domain physics, general creativity and affective factors towards students' physics achievement by using structural equation modeling analysis. The research employed a survey design with a data collection method using tests and questionnaires among 400 form four students in the public secondary school in Johor. The data were analysed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Analysis of Moments Structures (AMOS) version 21. The structural equation modeling results showed that scientific creativity and divergent thinking directly affect physics achievement. In contrast, general creativity and affective factors affect indirectly. The findings also showed that the strongest relationships were between physics divergent thinking and scientific creativity, scientific creativity and physics achievement and between intrinsic motivation and attitude towards physics. The study's implication suggests that vigorous effort needs to be focused on developing physics divergent thinking and scientific creativity, as these factors are the most influential and directly related to physics achievement. It is equally important that the affective factors, namely students' self-efficacy and students' attitudes towards physics, are emphasized. These factors significantly affect students' physics divergent thinking, which would eventually lead to better physics achievement.
Creative Education
The issue of women being underrepresented in STEM careers has become a global concern. Literature... more The issue of women being underrepresented in STEM careers has become a global concern. Literature review shows that imbalance in STEM careers based on gender is due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Thus, this study investigated the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that contribute to STEM careers' interest. STEM career interest based on gender was also investigated. 354 secondary school students (14 years old) responded to a questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics (MANOVA) were employed. The students showed a medium-high level of interest in STEM careers. Boys tend to show higher interest compared to girls. Therefore, all parties need to play their role in creating a positive perception of STEM careers by considering the needs of male and female students.
International Journal of Education, 2022
Home-based Teaching and Learning (PdPR) is an alternative learning approach in many countries, in... more Home-based Teaching and Learning (PdPR) is an alternative learning approach in many countries, including Malaysia, and is in line with the new normal. It emphasizes parental roles in helping children learn effectively at home. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of parental involvement through a systematic procedure in the implementation of Interactive Science Homework (KRIS). Using a Quasi-Experimental design, this study involved a total of 69 Year Three elementary school children with their parents. Children in the treatment group (n=37) underwent the KRIS intervention with homework systematic completion procedures. Meanwhile, children in the control group (n=32) underwent a KRIS intervention without the systematic procedures. Data were collected through the review of returned assignments from both groups. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with the children’s parents. The data from the returned assignments and records of the children and parents’ involvement ...
International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 2022
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted education and has instantaneously shifted educa... more The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted education and has instantaneously shifted education from being conducted predominately ‘face to face’ to being totally ‘online’. For most teachers, this unexpected teaching approach has impelled them into finding ways to provide the same quality of education to their students. One way of doing this is by adopting educational technologies in learning and teaching, including the use of augmented reality (AR) technology. AR technology has been integrated into the field of physics education. In this study, the effects of AR technology on understanding of the concepts of electricity in an online learning environment for 11th-grade students was investigated. Pretest and posttest were carried out in the control group and the experimental group. The results showed that AR technology improved understanding of electrical concepts for the students in the experimental group compared to the control group, with a very significant difference betwee...
Competencies of science centre facilitators
Creative Education, 2018
This study presents to identify mathematical modeling is the least elements focusing on current S... more This study presents to identify mathematical modeling is the least elements focusing on current STEM integration practices. Through this study, a review of the existing practice of STEM integration curriculums, models, modules, and programmes was undertaken to confirm the issue. The database reviewed to confirm this issue is from Social Sciences Citation Index with keyword "Mathematical Modeling," "STEM curriculum," "STEM model," "STEM module" and "STEM program." As a result, these studies confirmed that mathematical modeling activities were the least focusing on existing STEM integration practices and the theory of metacognation and the theory of sosial interaction development could promote these abilities.
Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2019
Kepentingan kemahiran bukan teknikal bagi golongan profesional dalam bidang penjagaan kesihatan t... more Kepentingan kemahiran bukan teknikal bagi golongan profesional dalam bidang penjagaan kesihatan telah berkembang dengan pesat dan mula mendapat pengiktirafan sebagai salah satu elemen kritikal yang melengkapi kemahiran teknikal dalam meningkatkan keselamatan pesakit. Kemahiran ini diperolehi menerusi latihan simulasi yang kini berkembang sebagai kaedah yang efektif dan saling melengkapi bagi latihan berbentuk klinikal. Kemahiran bukan teknikal seringkali menggunakan simulasi dengan fideliti yang tinggi dan diikuti dengan perbincangan berbantu yang dikenali sebagai ulasan. Ulasan oleh fasilitator terlatih dianggap penting bagi memastikan pembelajaran berkesan dapat dicapai menerusi proses refleksi. Namun begitu, masih terdapat kelompangan dari sudut elemen yang menyumbang terhadap keberkesanan sesuatu sesi ulasan. Artikel ini mengulas tentang elemen di dalam ulasan yang telah dimanipulasikan serta keberkesanannya terhadap penguasaan kemahiran bukan teknikal bagi golongan profesional dalam bidang penjagaan kesihatan menerusi lapan buah artikel dengan menggunakan empat pengkalan data berbeza. Prestasi kemahiran bukan teknikal meningkat apabila sesi ulasan dimanipulasikan seperti penggunaan multimedia, ulasan kendiri atau tanpa sesi ulasan. Malah, tiada peningkatan tambahan terhadap prestasi kemahiran bukan teknikal apabila penggunaan video digunakan di dalam ulasan berbantu fasilitator. Aplikasi teori pembelajaran terhadap elemen tertentu berserta dengan aplikasi model ulasan spesifik amat ditekankan bagi memastikan sesi ulasan dapat dilaksanakan dengan berkesan.
The Journal of Social Sciences Research, 2019
The research was conducted to develop an Environmental Education Model and to identify the level ... more The research was conducted to develop an Environmental Education Model and to identify the level of awareness, knowledge, attitude and skill of primary school pupils in Malaysia towards the environment using the model. The research was conducted through a survey using a questionnaire. The sample was randomly selected, involving 1000 pupils of Year 5 from Peninsular Malaysia divided into four zones, north zone (Kedah), east zone (Kelantan), west zone (Kuala Lumpur) and south zone (Melaka). The findings showed that the level of awareness, knowledge, attitude and skill of pupil were at a high level. The model had been developed by looking at direct impact testing through Evaluation Assessment Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) which suggested that awareness and skill factors were factors that significantly influenced pupils’ attitudes toward environmental education. Both relationships were positive. However, the relationship between knowledge and attitude was not significant. The findi...
International Journal of Education, Jul 12, 2023
Malaysia always strives to provide high-performance education for its citizens by emphasising on ... more Malaysia always strives to provide high-performance education for its citizens by emphasising on the principle of equality that prioritises quality education for every child. However, the performance of Orang Asli (indigenous) children in science education is still lagging far behind as a result of their difficulty in understanding scientific concepts of science which they feel are foreign to their culture. Thus, a needs analysis study was conducted to identify the science topics that are the most difficult for primary school year five Semai Orang Asli children to understand and the elements of funds of knowledge (FOK) that can be applied in science teaching for these difficult topics. This needs analysis was conducted using survey research design with interview method. The study sample comprised three students and four teachers in an Orang Asli school in the district of Slim River, Perak. The needs analysis found that Electricity is the most difficult topic to be taught to and understood by the Orang Asli children. In addition, the findings also showed that the elements of FOK of the Orang Asli such as family values, hobbies, parents' occupation, language, religion, tradition and school's co-curricular activities can be applied in science teaching to bring the science concepts that are considered difficult into their lives. In conclusion, the FOK elements identified from the needs analysis are expected to be able to help educators and researchers design science teaching that is more equitable in upholding the principles of equity in education in Malaysia.
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Journals & Proceedings by Prof Dr Lilia Halim
Papers by Prof Dr Lilia Halim