Papers by Philipp Altmann
New classics for the new science – re-reading the basis of sociology in Ecuador until the 1950s
Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology And Society, Aug 30, 2023
Professional sociology in Ecuador started with the first chair in sociology in 1915. This led to ... more Professional sociology in Ecuador started with the first chair in sociology in 1915. This led to a series of foundational texts during the 1920s and 30s that sought to define what sociology is while applying it to core aspects of Ecuadorian society. While this time was – in the Global North- marked by a growing centralization on the theories of Durkheim and Weber, the Ecuadorian sociologists preferred other thinkers in order to understand society. The result was a mixture of different theories that were not always clearly articulated but did sustain the first relatively coherent sociological readings of Ecuadorian society. This text will shed light on how the first professional sociology in Ecuador used the classics of sociology in a particular way to build local sociology. The focus will be on the four most relevant sociological thinkers of the first half of the twentieth century, Agustín Cueva Sáenz, Ángel Modesto Paredes, Víctor Gabriel Garcés, and Luis Bossano. They worked with Tarde, Worms, Durkheim, and some German, US-American, and Latin American authors. The creation of the first School for Sociology in the 1960s meant a break from this tradition that has not been reflected adequately until today.
Latin American research review, Mar 20, 2024
Like all social movements, Indigenous movements in the Andes have a particular temporality, with ... more Like all social movements, Indigenous movements in the Andes have a particular temporality, with almost invisible organization-building phases, a relatively civil presentation of demands to the state and the general public, and moments of more militant mobilization. The longer time frame generally consists of forming regional and national organizations in the 1970s and 1980s, presenting demands in the late 1980s, and nationwide mobilizations in the 1990s. Only Chile is an exception, given constant persecution from the Pinochet dictatorship until 1990. The 1990s are often considered the moment that indigenous movements appeared in the region. Starting in 1990, significant mobilizations paralyzed important parts of Ecuador and Bolivia and at least some regions of Colombia, Peru, and Chile. They produced substantial conquests, ranging from the official recognition of the existence of indigenous populations to new or renewed
II. Geschichte Der Indigenenbewegung Ecuadors
Ecuadorian Sociology or the Institutionalization of a Strange Discipline
Revue D'histoire Des Sciences Humaines, Jul 6, 2023
Revista Sarance, Dec 12, 2022
El saber propio como emancipación. El yachay tinkuy entre sociología y movimiento indígena en el ... more El saber propio como emancipación. El yachay tinkuy entre sociología y movimiento indígena en el Ecuador Ñukanchikpa yachay ashtawan sinchiyachin. Yachay tinkuytami sociologia yachana ukupi, shinallatak Ecuadormanta runakunapa hatariypi rimanchik. Own knowledge as emancipation. The yachay tinkuy between sociology and indigenous movement in Ecuador
The First Sociology in Ecuador
Springer eBooks, 2022
Timmo Krüger, Das Hegemonieprojekt der ökologischen Modernisierung: Die Konflikte um Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in der internationalen Klimapolitik
International Sociology, Feb 28, 2019
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) refers to a set of technologies that allow for the separation of... more Carbon capture and storage (CCS) refers to a set of technologies that allow for the separation of CO2 from different substances and its subsequent storage, generally in different types of geological formations. It is part of the ‘end-of-pipe’ solutions, which means that it can be added to already existing infrastructures without major changes, such as oil and gas exploitation, where it has been used for some time with success, in power or production plants of many kinds. In short, CCS-technologies allow for a reduction of emissions of CO2 – they are stored instead of emitted. This makes them of interest in the United Nations climate regime of the last few years. However, CCS-technologies – with the exception of enhanced oil/gas recovery – are expansive and depend on support from the state or public–private partnerships. CCS-technologies received wide attention after the signing of Kyoto Protocol on Climate Change (1997), which went into effect in 2005, and its instruments to reduce CO2 emissions. An important element of the Kyoto Protocol are the tradable certified emission reduction units (CERs), which are based on national emissions in 1990 and can be created via certain instruments and bought or sold as necessary. Thus, if a national economy produces more emissions now than it did in 1990, it will have to create or buy CERs. CERs can be created via a clean development mechanism (CDM), a flexible mechanism of environmental protection, that is put into practice in countries in the Global South (non-Annex-B countries). The integration of CCS-technologies into the CDM was highly controversial and was discussed at the Conference of Parties (COP) at the UN Climate Change Conference (UNCCC) from COP 13 (in 2007) through COP 15 (in 2009). These discussions led to an integration in 2010. This discussion drew on a 831637 ISS0010.1177/0268580919831637International Sociology ReviewsReviews: Environmental sociology review-article2019
Soziologie in Ecuador zwischen Liberalismus und Marxismus in bewegten Zeiten
Springer eBooks, 2023
Localisation of Circulating Academic Knowledge
Routledge eBooks, Jun 19, 2023
Critical Sociology
Springer eBooks, 2022
¿Quién habla por quién? : representatividad y legitimidad de organizaciones y representantes indígenas : un debate abierto
Sociology in Ecuador
Springer International Publishing eBooks, 2022
The Failed Attempt to Modernize Sociology from the Late 1940s
Springer International Publishing eBooks, 2022
Quito, EC: Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar, Sede Ecuador; Ediciones La Tierra, 2018
La Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar es una institución académica de nuevo tipo, creada para afron... more La Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar es una institución académica de nuevo tipo, creada para afrontar los desafíos del siglo XXI. Como centro de excelencia, se dedica a la investigación, la enseñanza y la prestación de servicios para la transmisión de conocimientos científicos y tecnológicos. La Universidad es un centro académico abierto a la cooperación internacional, tiene como eje fundamental de trabajo la reflexión sobre América Andina, su historia, su cultura, su desarrollo científico y tecnológico, su proceso de integración, y el papel de
Der Kampf der Organisationen der Indigenenbewegung in Ecuador seit den 1980ern war nicht nur ein ... more Der Kampf der Organisationen der Indigenenbewegung in Ecuador seit den 1980ern war nicht nur ein Kampf für gleiche wirtschaftliche, politische oder kulturelle Rechte, sondern auch einer für einen Wiederaufbau der ecuadorianischen Gesellschaft und des ecuadorianischen Staates. Dieser Wiederaufbau soll an bestimmten Begriffen, wie Interkulturalität und Plurinationalität, entlang erfolgen. Auch wenn diese Begriffe in der Verfassung von 2008 übernommen wurden, müssen sie, aus Sicht der Indigenenbewegung, erst noch umgesetzt werden. Der vorliegende Text ist eine Analyse der Entwicklung sowohl der Indigenenbewegung, als auch ihrer Begriffe mit einem Schwerpunkt auf die Beziehungen zwischen den verschiedenen Organisationen und Begriffen.
Due to the dire experience of its largest city, Guayaquil, Ecuador became an early global symbol ... more Due to the dire experience of its largest city, Guayaquil, Ecuador became an early global symbol of COVID-19's devastating health effects. But new survey research reveals that the pandemic has also had serious economic, educational, and emotional consequences. Yet even eights month on, serious failings in health and information systems persist, write Katiuska King, Philipp Altmann, and Rafael Polo Bonilla (Universidad Central del Ecuador). In Ecuador, the COVID-19 pandemic has also been an infodemic, with the crisis being enabled by the spread of inaccurate information and a lack of reliable data to inform decision-making. In order to begin to fill that gap, our research group at the Central University of Ecuador designed and carried out a survey on the social and economic effects of the pandemic for Ecuadorian households. Aside from its immediate effect on health, the COVID-19 crisis has had serious economic, educational, and emotional impacts throughout Ecuador (ireneuke/Shutterstock.com) From May to July 2020, we used mobile phone messaging to implement a nationwide, partially random survey of 2,132 Ecuadorian households. As well as economic data, the survey included questions on emotions, access to information, and political variables that might help to explain why the government's response failed and what could be done to improve it.
Inequality in Ecuadorian Sociology of the 1950s and 1960s
Global Intellectual History
Localizing rebellion: International development agencies and the rise of the indigenous movement in Ecuador
Between 1990 and early 2000—as well as to a lesser extent today—the indigenous movement in Ecuado... more Between 1990 and early 2000—as well as to a lesser extent today—the indigenous movement in Ecuador was without a doubt the strongest social and political actor in the country and one of the strongest of the continent; able not only to undermine two presidents and press for a new constitution (in 1998), but also to profoundly change discourse and thinking in that society. This strength was made possible due to a decade-long organizational fight on local and regional levels, the establishment of small-scale institutions, and the slow development of a coherent and innovative discourse. Even if the main actors were always indigenous persons, international development agencies—state-funded, church-based or NGOs—had decisive influence in this process. In fact, the history of the indigenous movement in Ecuador is also a history of inclusion and expulsion of external agents such as the international development agencies, containing both moments of almost sectarian seclusion and wide and open treaties involving those agencies. This paper will explore how international development agencies influence the organizational and discursive development of the indigenous movement in Ecuador and its organizations. On a structural level, the support for the establishment of indigenous institutions—in education, traditional medicine and development—and the engagement in internal organizational processes will be analyzed. Here, the text will focus on concrete actors and their relationship with concrete organizations, the success of their efforts and the general strategy visible behind given actions. On a discursive level, the support of certain political tendencies within the movement—specifically, those more ethnicist and less socialist—will be interpreted as well as their influence on the diffusion of determinate demands and political concepts. The focus, here, will be on the diffusion of demands for autonomy and concepts such as interculturality and Good Life (Buen Vivir).
Localization of Global Scientific Knowledge – or: How Global Theories Became Local Buzzwords
The production of scientific knowledge is organized around a series of transnationally relevant t... more The production of scientific knowledge is organized around a series of transnationally relevant theories. Neglect or ignorance of those theories generally leads to a rejection of the correspondent studies by fellow scientists. The production of transnationally relevant theories happens mainly in the Global North and is influenced heavily by the institutional frameworks and the academic culture there. The process of transnationalization of a given theory is therefore an act of globalization of one specific locality – the theory on power by Max Weber carries in it German values and ideals of the early 20th century. Transnationalized theories are not simply accepted in other countries, but go through a process of localization by the agents and institutions there. They are translated into the local culture and the local academic sphere. The values in Weber’s theory are connected to local values and by this, the theory as such is resignified. This text will study the process of localization of transnational theories in social sciences in the Ecuadorian university. Social sciences in Ecuador have a history as academic discipline since the 1960s and are marked by several breaks considering the use of theory. The argument here will be that the localization of transnational theories happens in part in the form of buzzword-like categories, such as “North American sociology” or “positivism” and in part via subsummation under already existing theories and non-theoretic values. The result was –at least for a certain time– a contradictory and rebellious re-creation of theory that is the base for nowadays theory-building in Ecuador.
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Papers by Philipp Altmann