Rajbeer Singh

Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Technology Policy and Management, Senior Researcher

Jawaharlal Nehru University, Centre for Studies in Science Policy, Graduate Student

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I am presently working on Renewable energy (Solar, wind), energy transitions and policy, innovation, Technology Foresight, Technology Transfer & commercialization, and S&T Policy. I am also working on food processing sector and its future.

I am interested to build strong knowledge base in area of future studies, transitions, innovation and foresight. I collaborate with firms, government, universities on strategic management and above other areas.

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Papers by Rajbeer Singh

Responsibly regulating the civilian unmanned aerial vehicle deployment in India and Japan

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology

Purpose The purpose of the paper is to describe the evolving regulatory structures of the civilia... more Purpose The purpose of the paper is to describe the evolving regulatory structures of the civilian unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in India and Japan, not yet fully developed to regulate the deployment of the UAV. India and Japan are at the forefront to overhaul the respective regulatory framework to address issues of accountability, responsibility and risks associated with the deployment of UAV technologies. Design/methodology/approach In-depth interviews are conducted both in Japan and India to gather primary data based on the snowball sampling method. The paper addresses questions such as what is the current scenario of civilian UAV deployment in India and Japan. What are the regulation structures for Civil UAV deployment and operation and how they differ in India and Japan? What are the key regulatory challenges for Civil UAV deployment in India? How regulation structure enables or inhibits the users and operators of Civil UAVs in India? What are mutual learnings concerning UAV re...

Responsibility and Accountability in the Governance of Civilian UAV for Crop Insurance Applications in India

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle: Applications in Agriculture and Environment, 2019

In an attempt to govern civilian unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for crop insurance applications, t... more In an attempt to govern civilian unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for crop insurance applications, the paper is considering the risk and challenges associated with the emerging technology to be deployed in Indian agriculture, which is again highly diversified with varied physical features and socio-cultural practices of the agriculture community. These issues of governance concerning accountability and responsibility of actors and institutions are leading research problems of the study and would be addressed as research questions – How are the challenges of governance of civilian UAV innovations in crop insurance application can be addressed? How can the responsibility and accountability of the actors ensure effective governance? As such, the paper draws empirical results from in-depth interviews carried out as a part of the primary survey based on snowball sampling technique. Accordingly, the paper advances in adhering to the responsible deployment of the technology and ushering accountability in governance to enhance civil UAV innovations in the crop insurance application. Besides, institutional arrangements which help proper regulations of the technology, upholding values such as transparency, trust, privacy, effectiveness and efficiency can enhance an effective governance structure for civil UAV innovations in crop insurance applications.

E-Mobility Through RRI to Achieve Social Sustainability: A Case Study of Women Commuters of Delhi, India

Due to various external and internal factors, the Public Transport System (PTS) is at the cusp of... more Due to various external and internal factors, the Public Transport System (PTS) is at the cusp of transition in Indian cities. In the current socio-technical landscape, the big question is how this transition should be guided towards social sustainability. For this purpose, the innovation process starting from the ideation level should have certain identified desirable values at its core. How to embed these values in the innovation process is the main focus of this research work. This research paper has been divided into four parts. Part one is focused on introducing the research problem in the contextual background of the policy, economy, technology, and cultural aspects to pave the way for the field study. Part two has discussed in detail Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) as a theoretical framework along with rationale for selecting this framework and need of further developing this framework to suit the need of the different social, cultural and economic contexts. Part three has discussed the field study which is done in the city of Delhi (India). Primary data has been collected through in-depth face to face interviews with women commuters of the PTS in Delhi. Part four has brought forward the insights from the field study and policy suggestions which can make adoption of E-Mobility more socially sustainable along with providing a pathway for a smooth transition from the current environmentally unsustainable fossil fuel-based technology used in the PTS.

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Responsible governance of civilian unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) innovations for Indian crop insurance applications

Journal of Responsible Technology, 2022

Civilian Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is an emerging technology in Indian crop insurance applica... more Civilian Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is an emerging technology in Indian crop insurance applications. The technology is new to an agro-based country like India with diverse socio-cultural norms and values. However, in such a diverse democracy, UAV governance and deployment pose a significant challenge and risk. In other words, charting out a proper framework for a risk-free implementation of this governance has emerged as a leading research topic in the concerned discipline. In innovations literature, Responsible Innovation (RI) takes care of emerging technology governance; thus, RI becomes significant as a theoretical framework. The study is intended to find out how the framework of RI enables responsible governance and also who are the main actors and stakeholders of governance and deployment of civilian UAVs in crop insurance applications in India? An in-depth interview method and snowball sampling technique have been employed to identify interviewees from Delhi, Gujarat, and Rajasthan. Findings suggest that civilian UAV is effective in handling risk, crop damage assessment, and claim settlement. The RI approach, through its dimensions and steps, enables equal participation and deliberation among all the actors and stakeholders of UAV governance that consists of government bodies, research organizations, insurance agencies, local administration, and farmers. Effective regulations, adhering to accountability, and responsibility promote responsible governance.

Title : LED technologies , a way to create sustainability in Energy Sectoral System of Innovation of NICs : A case of India

The energy sectoral system of innovation (ESSI) in India has multifarious challenges of sustainab... more The energy sectoral system of innovation (ESSI) in India has multifarious challenges of sustainability for production, effective transmission, and efficient use of energy through application and adoption of innovative strategies, technologies, policies, and approaches. The paper focuses on a couple of the power saving technologies i.e. LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes). It identifies the key driving features of LED for sustainability of ESSI in India. Further, it explores the potential effects of adoption of LED technologies on saving of energy, lowering carbon foot prints, lessening of generated electrical waste, self life of lights, reducing the hazardous substances and economic effectiveness in ESSI. In the next section paper argues that how application and adoption of LED technologies can create sustainability in ESSI. Finally, it discusses the dynamism of ESSI in context of energy saving technologies. The most important driving features for sustainability of LED technologies in Indi...

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Role of the National dairy research Institute and Central food technological research Institute in the development of the Indian dairy industry: technology foresight perspectives

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Navigating the International Trade War & Diplomacy: Implications for S&T development in the Caribbean Community

A Scientometric Analysis of the Evolution and Changing Structure in Systems of Innovation Approaches

Journal of Scientometric Research, 2021

The present study was conducted to investigate new emerging directions and identify literature by... more The present study was conducted to investigate new emerging directions and identify literature by depicting and analysing the historical origins, contemporary research fields and intellectual authors in the domain of Innovation Systems. Using the ISI WoS database, we deployed a systematic review of the literature using scientometric approaches for delineating the various innovation systems in STS literature and conduct a specific analysis of each system. Publications in the WoS database were filtered using the search string "innovat* NEAR/2 syst*" in the publication title for the period 1990 to 2017. A total of 692 innovation-related publications with contributions from 1651 authors were processed article by article, and as a result, 7 innovation clusters were reviewed using highly frequent cited papers. After constructing a co-citation network map to derive the structure and origins in the innovation systems field, we found that 330 (47.68%) of all publications were published in only 12 (5.71%) journals in research areas of business economics, public administration, environmental sciences ecology, geography and science technology. In mapping the evolution and salient features of the innovation systems approach, we performed a keyword co-occurrence textual analysis which reveals important characteristics about each innovation cluster. More so, topics like "policy", "technology" and "knowledge" continues to be dominant research topics in all periods of the study. However, emerging topics are moving away from the theories and processes of innovation. The paper aims to be a potential guide to science policy researchers and newcomers to become familiar with this field of study as it examines the salient features and evolution in the field of innovation studies.

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Securing sustainability in Indian agriculture through civilian UAV: a responsible innovation perspective

SN Applied Sciences, 2019

Emerging technology like civilian unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has the potential to exert an imp... more Emerging technology like civilian unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has the potential to exert an impact on agriculture production and crop damages assessment. Securing sustainability in agriculture requires accountability and responsibility of the actors engaged in the deployment of the civilian UAV due to associated deployment risks and unintended consequences. UAV technology has the potential to replace remote sensing technologies like satellite imageries and piloted aircraft used in the crop insurance business. The governance of deployment of UAV technology in India is a complex challenge when a well-developed regulatory system is not in place and diverse actors involved in the deployment and operation of civilian UAV for agricultural applications. Therefore, two main questions, how UAV innovations can lead to sustainability in Indian agriculture and how are the issues of governance of civil UAV innovations in crop insurance applications addressed, are dealt with. The responsible innovation approach is adopted as a theoretical framework. The exploratory and qualitative study used in-depth interviews, and the interviewees were selected through snowball sampling technique. The results suggest that in the governance of emerging technologies like UAV certain values such as trust, transparency, safety, autonomy, and environmental friendliness assumed high significance. Findings also suggest that UAV has the risk-taking ability in adverse weather condition. The UAV technology also creates values (social, economic and environmental) for deployment in the crop insurance business in India.

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Responsible Innovation: Moving Towards a Culturally Sensitive Approach

Studies in Asian Social Science, 2019

Responsible Innovation (RI) recently emerged as an approach that addresses issues related to majo... more Responsible Innovation (RI) recently emerged as an approach that addresses issues related to major social andenvironmental risks and uncertainties in complex innovations. At this stage, more inquiry is still needed to make theWestern-rooted RI approach more contextual and to facilitate its applicability in practice, especially in other culturalsettings. To address this issue, we propose a conceptual framework based on Hofstede’s dimensions of nationalculture and core processes of RI. We argue that the cultural dimensions are likely to play distinct roles in influencinghow these RI processes would be interpreted and operationalised in different societies with different cultures,illustrating this with some examples from Asian countries. Ultimately, the paper emphasises the importance ofevolving a broader, more comprehensive and mature approach to RI that takes cultural aspects explicitly intoaccount.

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Circular Urban Systems: Tracing Innovation Processes

Proceedings of The 2nd World Sustainability Forum, 2012

The metabolism of cities bears important anomalies: high levels of resources flow in cities while... more The metabolism of cities bears important anomalies: high levels of resources flow in cities while large quantities of (hazardous) wastes flow out of cities. In order to decrease cities' environmental footprint, Girardet [1] and Rogers [2] suggested making a transition from a linear to a circular urban metabolism. Even though the concept was coined a few decades ago, it still holds prominence among academics and practitioners (see for instance [3-6]). However, few cities have made such a transition. This shows that creating a circular urban metabolism is complex and challenging. Research so far mainly considered the creation of a circular urban metabolism as a technical endeavour. We would like to argue that organisational and institutional aspects are also of crucial importance for understanding why there is an implementation gap. However these have been understudied. This paper tries to bridge this gap by adopting a different conceptual approach. We consider that the creation of a circular urban metabolism passes through multiple innovation processes. Such processes happen in a systemic manner wherein, not only technical but organisational and institutional solutions and changes are adopted and adapted. In this paper we conceptualise the circular urban systems, as a robust concept to address the anomalies of the metabolism of cities. We discuss how this concept is different from existing one and why we think it can help in better grasping the challenges ahead. We also focus on the kind of insights that can be gained by adopting this new concept and how this can open a new agenda for future research.

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Responsible Innovation in Practice: The Adoption of Solar PV in Telecom Towers in Indonesia

Responsible Innovation 2, 2015

The adoption of solar PV in telecom towers is considered as a sustainable innovation in powering ... more The adoption of solar PV in telecom towers is considered as a sustainable innovation in powering the towers. Such adoption involves different actors which hold different tasks and responsibilities. However, the inclination that comes up among the actors involved is that if and when a disaster occurs (e.g. telecom systems collapse) due to the failure in the operation and management of solar PV after its installation, they will most likely be prone to finger-pointing at each other. In such situation, the questions arise: how to locate the accountability, who should be accountable to whom and for what, and how to proportionally distribute the accountability? Through a case study in Indonesia, this paper discusses and analyzes how to address such issue by undertaking stakeholder and impact analysis and analysis of five dimensions of responsible innovation namely: anticipation, reflexivity, responsiveness, deliberation, and participation. Our analysis suggests that there is a need of an innovative way or technology that can proportionally distribute the accountability of actors involved. The paper also concludes that innovation without responsibility faces dangers of rejection or less acceptability of even greener and sustainable technology.

Biomass energy policies and strategies: Harvesting potential in India and Indonesia

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2013

DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of t... more DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User Agreement:

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Shaping Future Green Cities: LEDs Technology adoption as an option for India

The sustainable development in developing and newly industrialising countries (China, India, Sout... more The sustainable development in developing and newly industrialising countries (China, India, South Africa, and Brazil) is central issue for policy makers, decision makers, academic, and planners. The attainment of sustainability has become a challenge for rapidly urbanising India. The paper focuses on the challenges for building less energy consuming cities. The cities use different technologies for lighting purposes but which technology can decarbonise them in future. Moreover, the question is, how a new technology, LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes), for lighting can shape the future green cities. What are the drivers which can determine the adoption process of LEDs technologies for lighting in India? Further the paper focuses on identifying and analysis of barriers in adoption of this technology in India. There are different technologies for lighting, but LED technology is a good option for India as well as world for shaping future green cities. There are major drivers for adopting such a technology like energy saving, emerging knowledge and awareness, better visibility and clarity, policies and new initiatives, eco-friendly and low carbon emission, long life span and long term cost effectiveness. However, the process has some barriers like high initial cost, low risk behaviour and faith deficit, culture and attitude, and existing technological regimes. Nonetheless, these barriers can be softened through collaborations, partnerships, and knowledge sharing among stakeholder along with strengthening the system through better networks.

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Emerging Civilian UAV Innovations Promoting Sustainability in Indian Agri-Insurance Through Embedding Culture-Specific Values

The Route Towards Global Sustainability

Agri-insurance, a loss-stabilizing measure among farmers, is a complex process in a diverse democ... more Agri-insurance, a loss-stabilizing measure among farmers, is a complex process in a diverse democracy like India with varied sociocultural norms and weather anomalies. The advent of emerging civilian unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) innovations in agri-insurance has simplified crop damage assessment, crop cutting experiment, and claim settlement. The deployment and governance of the civilian UAVs involve diverse actors and stakeholders. The responsible innovation (RI) approach, which takes care of emerging technology, governance, and sustainability issues, explores the challenges of civilian UAV innovations amidst varied culture-specific values in Indian society. An extensive literature survey is conducted by deploying a literature survey questionnaire. Gathered literature is analyzed to fulfill the objectives of sustainability in agri-insurance innovations. The findings highlight that the evolving regulations and laws make UAV governance intricate. However, the dimensions of RI, anticipation, deliberation, reflexivity, participation, and responsiveness help in responsible collaboration among actors and stakeholders of UAV innovations in agri-insurance applications. The different features of civilian UAVs promote safety, privacy, autonomy, transparency, trust, and accountability, further juxtaposing social, economic, and environmental sustainability. Training to pilots, adhering to prescribed regulations, and involving local farmers and stakeholders promote the responsible deployment of civilian UAVs.

Responsibility and Accountability in the Governance of Civilian UAV for Crop Insurance Applications in India

by Dr. Anjan Chamuah (Ph.D.) and Rajbeer Singh

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle:Applications in Agriculture and Environment, 2020

In an attempt to govern civilian unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for crop insurance applications, t... more In an attempt to govern civilian unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for crop insurance applications, the paper is considering the risk and challenges associated with the emerging technology to be deployed in Indian agriculture, which is again highly diversified with varied physical features and socio-cultural practices of the agriculture community. These issues of governance concerning accountability and responsibility of actors and institutions are leading research problems of the study and would be addressed as research questions-How are the challenges of governance of civilian UAV innovations in crop insurance application can be addressed? How can the responsibility and accountability of the actors ensure effective governance? As such, the paper draws empirical results from in-depth interviews carried out as a part of the primary survey based on snowball sampling technique. Accordingly, the paper advances in adhering to the responsible deployment of the technology and ushering accountability in governance to enhance civil UAV innovations in the crop insurance application. Besides, institutional arrangements which help proper regulations of the technology, upholding values such as transparency, trust, privacy, effectiveness and efficiency can enhance an effective governance structure for civil UAV innovations in crop insurance applications.

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Securing sustainability in Indian agriculture through civilian UAV: a responsible innovation perspective

by Dr. Anjan Chamuah (Ph.D.) and Rajbeer Singh

SN Applied Sciences, 2019

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Futures of Road Traffic Information in Delhi: Application of Functional Analysis in TRIZ

by Vairaj Arjune and Rajbeer Singh

The TRIZ Journal, Mar 6, 2017

Cities in India are characterized by an increasingly urban population coupled with rising mobilit... more Cities in India are characterized by an increasingly urban population coupled with rising mobility, busy lifestyles, and constant movement, and thus, it is a huge challenge for populated cities like Delhi to reduce road accidents, traffic congestion, and vehicular pollution. Several causes related to traffic accidents – particularly the issues of road signs are identified through a functional tree diagram – and the solutions to the problems are modeled using the contradiction matrix and the 40 inventive principles provided by the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ). Placement and design of road traffic signs are needed to gauge the behaviour of drivers in an effort to reduce road fatalities, injuries, congestion and travel time. This paper explains the steps in the TRIZ process that guide to creative solutions to the problem of road traffic signs in Delhi. Furthermore, the study proposes consistent placement of traffic signs and road markings, standardize color and text for road traffic information, projecting signs outwards, and the use of thin sheets can be used to effectively curb the problem of traffic congestion in Delhi with the spin-off effect of drivers' education and reduce road accidents.

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Responsible innovation in practice with system dynamics modelling: the case of energy technology adoption

Despite the potential advantages, technology adoption often brings unexpected outcomes and even l... more Despite the potential advantages, technology adoption often brings unexpected outcomes and even leads to failures on multiple fronts. The accountability of outcomes and failure of technology is missed out from technology development and adoption process. This issue has increasingly gained attention of researchers and practitioners. Responsible innovation (RI) has emerged as a concept that aims to address such issues through deploying the five dimensions (anticipation, reflexivity, deliberation, responsiveness, participation) in different stages of innovation process. However, the five dimensions lack of well identified and developed methodology. Therefore, the system dynamics (SD) modelling is explored as a method for extending the effectiveness of RI approach in practice. SD models on energy technology adoption dynamics developed here enable the demonstration of its applicability in anticipation and reflexivity. The paper concludes that the use of SD modelling seems useful for improving the capacity of reflexive and anticipatory dimensions of RI approach in practice.

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Moving toward Responsible Innovation Approach in the Automotive Industry: the SEAT Case

Automakers need a faster, customer-centric and responsible innovation process in order to face th... more Automakers need a faster, customer-centric and responsible innovation process in order to face the economic, social and environmental challenges which shape the competitive environment. The existing innovation approaches do not offer to companies a comprehensive approach that facilitates the generation and implementation of innovation that is socially desirable, ethically acceptable and environmentally friendly. In this paper, we try to fill up this existing theoretical gap by developing the responsible innovation concept and approach. In order to validate the definition and theoretical concept of responsible innovation, we analyse the innovation process deployed by the automaker SEAT to commercialize an emerging technology, the electric vehicle. Workshops and stakeholders' participation methods result in the design and development of mobility services with market potential. The example supports the adoption of electric cars by the Spanish market and further validates the responsible innovation definition and theoretical concept.

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