Papers by Mohammed Ghouse L
International Journal of Theoretical & Applied Sciences, 2025
Psychological distress is an adverse emotional state carried on by several events, such as tensio... more Psychological distress is an adverse emotional state carried on by several events, such as tension, fear, anxiety, or psychological instability. Certain types of distress can even lead to major psychological issues like depression. Every college student may face three types of psychological distress namely academic distress, personal distress, and social distress. Psychological distress among college students has been unnoticed for a long time. Hence, this paper attempts to develop a likert scale for measuring psychological distress among undergraduate students in Tamil Nadu. A five-point continuum likert scale was developed considering three types of psychological distress. Initially, 50 statements were developed as a universal statement of the concourse. After consulting with experts, 35 statements have been sent to 60 undergraduate agriculture students (non-sample respondents). After getting the response, item analysis has been carried out for all the statements and the t-value has been calculated. The first fifteen statements having the t-value of more than 1.75 have been selected for measuring psychological distress. Cronbach's alpha-Reliability of internal consistency was calculated as 0.712. The developed scale was found to be valid and reliable. The scale was developed and sent to 150 undergraduate agriculture students (sample respondents) pursuing B.Sc. (Hons) Agriculture at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. The results revealed that major portion (36 per cent) of students are having a high level of academic distress. In case of personal distress, 41 per cent of students are having a high level of personal distress. It was also found that 41 per cent of students are having a low level of social distress. From this research, it is evident that undergraduate students are facing distress in many ways. To overcome these distress, few steps need to be taken which includes reducing the overburden of credit hours within the semester, to maintain the gap between the examinations, timely declaration of result, emphasis need to be done in counseling and capacity building of the students.
International Journal on Emerging Technologies, 2025
Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) is a technique for chemical-free agriculture that is based on ... more Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) is a technique for chemical-free agriculture that is based on traditions from ancient India. The ZBNF method starts from zero, with no production costs, and completely eliminates the use of synthetic chemicals like fertilizers and pesticides. Smallholder farmers cannot adopt organic farming since it requires expensive certification procedures and significant quantities of FYM/organic fertilizers. It promotes multiple cropping, year-round soil cover, and the use of a mixture comprised of cow dung and urines to activate the soil system's microorganisms. It has been found that ZBNF decreases the cost of production and increases the farm income. ZBNF also faces the severe criticism like, it will create negative impact on farmer's income as well as food security. It is necessary to move away from chemical farming, but appropriate research must be conducted to evaluate its productivity, quality, and impact on soil nutrition. This review paper will give insight about the practices under ZBNF, government initiatives to promote ZBNF, the effect of ZBNF on crop yields and criticism about ZBNF.
Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 2025
This paper evaluates the effectiveness of online education during the pandemic using the extended... more This paper evaluates the effectiveness of online education during the pandemic using the extended Unified
Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. The study focuses on undergraduate students at Tamil Nadu
Agricultural University (TNAU). We purposefully selected TNAU for this study due to its significant student population,
choosing two-degree programs and four campuses based on the highest enrollments. The sample size, determined using
Slovin's formula, comprised 275 undergraduate students. We employed structural equation modeling to evaluate the
model. The findings indicate that three paths are particularly significant: system enjoyment (SE) influences effort
expectancy (EE), performance expectancy (PE) affects behavioral intention (BI), and facilitating conditions (FC) impact
behavioral intention (BI). The UTAUT model provides a nuanced understanding of students’ acceptance of technology,
particularly within the context of online education. It serves as an effective tool to measure the impact and acceptance of
technology. The complex nature of the online learning environment necessitates an investigation into the critical latent
factors that influence students' use of the system. This study, employing an extended UTAUT model, offers valuable
insights into online education during the pandemic.
Biological Forum – An International Journal , 2023
Mental health of students was at great concern due to the immense impact of COVID-19 pandemic and... more Mental health of students was at great concern due to the immense impact of COVID-19 pandemic and it caused all the educational institution to go through online mode. University Grants Commission (UGC) insisted Higher Educational Institutes to take online learning during lockdown period. Students were not prepared for this situation. Attending online classes continuously eight hours per day resulted in affecting physical health of students but it was noted that mental health of students also got affected. This worsened condition of mental health has a great effect on their academic performance. This study conducted among undergraduate students from Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU). Mental health of students was measured in terms of psychological state of students during COVID-19 pandemic and their opinion towards online education. Academic performance was measured in terms of Grade Point Average (GPA) secured by students when they undergone online education. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to know the effect of mental health of students on their academic performance during COVID-19 pandemic. The result revealed that psychological state of students during COVID-19 pandemic has negative and significant effect on academic performance of students. The students who are all having high level of stress during COVID-19 pandemic had secured low GPA in examinations. The possible reason might be the isolation from friends, relatives and neighbors. Many of the students' family members have been affected through COVID-19. This might have affected the students mentally and leads to the low level of academic performance. It was difficult to know the mental health of students because most of the students didn't aware about the worsening condition of mental health due to the online classes during COVID-19 pandemic situation.
Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology , 2023
Online learning was adopted by all the educational institutions worldwide due to the outburst of ... more Online learning was adopted by all the educational institutions worldwide due to the outburst of COVID-19 pandemic. It has wreaked havoc on numerous areas of the economy, and the education sector is no exception. The lockdown imposed by the Union and State Governments to stem the spread of the virus and mitigate its effects has taken the academic community by surprise. University Grants Commission (UGC) insisted Higher Educational Institutes to take online learning during lockdown period. This study was aimed to enumerate the constraints confronted by students and teachers participated in online education. The study was conducted among 275 Undergraduate students and 150 teachers in Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. Constraints were collected in the form of open ended responses and tabulated in to different dimensions based on multiple responses. The constraints from students has been enlisted into six dimensions namely technical constraints, institutional constraints, socio-emotional constraints, health constraints, learning
International Journal of Agriculture Sciences, 2020
This paper analyzes the factors influencing crop diversification in Tirunelveli district of Tamil... more This paper analyzes the factors influencing crop diversification in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu. Crop diversification is nothing but a shift in cropping pattern, shift from traditionally grown less benefit crops to more benefit crops to increase the income as well as agricultural sustainability. To cope up with the risk arise due to mono cropping, crop diversification can be used as a better strategy. It reduces the risk to farmer from total crop failure by providing alternative means of income through other crops grown. It also helps in conservation of natural resources, increases food and nutritional security and helps in poverty alleviation by providing employment opportunities to the farmers. We studied about the factors influencing crop diversification in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu using the primary data. Non-Experimental Research design was used for this study purpose. A sample size of 120 respondents was fixed for the study using proportionate random sampling technique. Out of twenty-two variables selected for the study, variables viz., Family size, Distance to the market, Economic motivation, Risk orientation, Innovativeness and Scientific orientation had positive and significant association with crop diversification at one per cent level of significance.
International journal of agriculture extension and social development, 2020
This paper analyzes the indicators of crop diversification in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu.... more This paper analyzes the indicators of crop diversification in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu. Crop diversification is nothing more than a change in crop trends, moving from traditionally grown crops with fewer benefits to more benefit crops to improve income and sustainability in agriculture. Crop diversification can be used as a better strategy to cope with the risk that arises due to mono cropping. The State economy of Tamil Nadu is dependent on agriculture. It was found that, over the years the proportion of significant cereal crops such as paddy, groundnut and cholam has decreased.We studied about the indicators of crop diversification in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu using the primary data. Non-Experimental Research design was used for this study purpose. A sample size of 120 respondents was fixed for the study using proportionate random sampling technique. It was found that out of twenty two variables selected for the study, the variable family size had contributed positively to crop diversification and significant at one per cent level of probability. Scientific orientation and Credit orientation had contributed positively to crop diversification and significant at five per cent level of probability.
International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development, 2020
This paper analyzes the determinants of crop diversification in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nad... more This paper analyzes the determinants of crop diversification in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu. Knowing the determinants of crop diversification is important for improving agricultural production and for the well being of farmers. We studied about the determinants of crop diversification in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu using the primary data. Non-Experimental Research design was used for this study purpose. A sample size of 120 respondents was fixed for the study purpose using proportionate random sampling technique. The respondents were asked to express the factors which influence the crop diversification. The information gathered from the respondents were analyzed and tabulated. Crop diversification is nothing but a shift in cropping pattern, shift from traditionally grown less benefit crops to more benefit crops to increase the income as well as agricultural sustainability. By this, farmer can grow variety of crops in a given area in order to increase the production and also to lessen the risk. Indian agriculture facing distress due to disparities in the income of the farmers and non-agricultural workers. Crop diversification can be used as a better strategy to achieve this goal and to reduce the disparities in income of the farmers and non-agricultural workers.
International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research, 2019
Agriculture continues to be the most predominant sector of the state economy, as 70 percent of th... more Agriculture continues to be the most predominant sector of the state economy, as 70 percent of the population is engaged in Agriculture and allied activities for their livelihood. The State has an area of 1.3 Lakh sq.km with a gross cropped area of around 63 Lakh Ha. Constraints always play a significant role and it hinders the farmers from practicing crop diversification. The present study was conducted in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu, which aimed to collect the constraints encountered by the farmers practicing crop diversification and suitable strategies to overcome from it. Middle men intervention is the major constraint encountered by the farmers and they all suggested that providing Minimum Support Price to agricultural commodities will serve as a viable strategy to improve crop diversification. Objectives • To find out the constraints associated with crop diversification. • To suggest a suitable strategy for better crop diversification.
Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology, 2022
Market intelligence is a method of foreseeing what will occur in the near future. We must proceed... more Market intelligence is a method of foreseeing what will occur in the near future. We must proceed from market data to information, and finally to market intelligence, in order to complete this process. This study attempted to develop a scale for measuring the knowledge level of farmers on market intelligence. Relevant items were gathered that covered all aspects of farmer's market intelligence in agriculture. Thirty items were initially selected for this study and administered to 42 non-sample respondents. All of the items have been subjected to item analysis. The current study found that 12 items were chosen for the test administration based on the difficulty index, discrimination index, and point-biserial correlation. This test was found to be both valid and highly reliable (0.65). This may be used by social science researchers to assess farmers' expertise in market information as well as market intelligence.
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2020
In India, small farm sizes characterize agriculture. The average farm size is about 1.57 ha. Abou... more In India, small farm sizes characterize agriculture. The average farm size is about 1.57 ha. About 93 per cent of the farmers have farm size smaller that 4 ha. They contribute about 55 per cent of total cultivable land. Only 1.6 per cent of farmers having farm size of more than 10 ha and they contribute about 17.4 per cent of total cultivable land. Economic survey of India in 2017-18 computed crop diversification through crop diversification index (CDI) for all states in India during the years 1994-95, 2005-06 and 2014-15 to know whether there was any change in cropping pattern or not. It was found that the states like Chattisgarh, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh faces a decline in crop diversification index (CDI). Among these states, Odisha has a major decline in crop diversification index (CDI). It was 0.743 in 1994-95, 0.73 in 2005-06 and it reduces to 0.340 in 2014-15. Two of the states, Himachal Pradesh and Jharkhand have shown increasing trend in crop...
JOURNAL OF EXTENSION EDUCATION, 2019
Crop diversification is considered a significant component for achieving higher output growth, hi... more Crop diversification is considered a significant component for achieving higher output growth, higher farm income, employment generation, sustainability of natural resources and poverty alleviation. Understanding the pattern of crop diversification is important for improving agricultural production and for the well being of farmers. This paper analyses the pattern of crop diversification in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu. A non-experimental research design was used for this study. A sample size of 120 respondents was fixed for the study using proportionate random sampling technique. It was found that the cropping pattern of crop diversification in the district has slightly been changed and had increased in two decades. It was also found that there was only slight variation in the categories of crop diversification index among the respondents from the years of 2007-2008 to 2017-2018. Significant steps have to be taken to improve the crop diversification among the farmers.
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Papers by Mohammed Ghouse L
Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. The study focuses on undergraduate students at Tamil Nadu
Agricultural University (TNAU). We purposefully selected TNAU for this study due to its significant student population,
choosing two-degree programs and four campuses based on the highest enrollments. The sample size, determined using
Slovin's formula, comprised 275 undergraduate students. We employed structural equation modeling to evaluate the
model. The findings indicate that three paths are particularly significant: system enjoyment (SE) influences effort
expectancy (EE), performance expectancy (PE) affects behavioral intention (BI), and facilitating conditions (FC) impact
behavioral intention (BI). The UTAUT model provides a nuanced understanding of students’ acceptance of technology,
particularly within the context of online education. It serves as an effective tool to measure the impact and acceptance of
technology. The complex nature of the online learning environment necessitates an investigation into the critical latent
factors that influence students' use of the system. This study, employing an extended UTAUT model, offers valuable
insights into online education during the pandemic.