Papers by Greyson Nyamoga
International Journal of Forestry Research
More than 80% of the urban and periurban population in Tanzania depend on charcoal as their main ... more More than 80% of the urban and periurban population in Tanzania depend on charcoal as their main source of energy for cooking. This charcoal is supplied from natural forests, mainly Miombo woodlands, and the high charcoal consumption is a main trigger for deforestation, forest degradation, and climate gas emissions. The country’s urban population is increasing at an annual rate of 5-6%, and better understanding of the urban demand for charcoal is of high interest regarding the country’s energy development, climate mitigation, and land use. We surveyed 360 households situated in the Tanzanian cities Dodoma, Morogoro, and Mtwara and analyzed statistically the impacts of household income, charcoal prices, and household size on the per capita charcoal consumption. For the total sample, statistically significant elasticities were found to be 0.03, −0.13, and −0.62 for per capita income, charcoal price, and household size, respectively. In the low-income group, the elasticities of charcoa...
International Journal of Forestry Research, Jun 30, 2022
More than 80% of the urban and periurban population in Tanzania depend on charcoal as their main ... more More than 80% of the urban and periurban population in Tanzania depend on charcoal as their main source of energy for cooking. is charcoal is supplied from natural forests, mainly Miombo woodlands, and the high charcoal consumption is a main trigger for deforestation, forest degradation, and climate gas emissions. e country's urban population is increasing at an annual rate of 5-6%, and better understanding of the urban demand for charcoal is of high interest regarding the country's energy development, climate mitigation, and land use. We surveyed 360 households situated in the Tanzanian cities Dodoma, Morogoro, and Mtwara and analyzed statistically the impacts of household income, charcoal prices, and household size on the per capita charcoal consumption. For the total sample, statistically signi cant elasticities were found to be 0.03, −0.13, and −0.62 for per capita income, charcoal price, and household size, respectively. In the low-income group, the elasticities of charcoal price and household size were found to be statistically signi cant with the values of −0.44 and −0.59, respectively, whereas in the middle-income group, the household size was the only statistically signi cant variable, with elasticity −0.81. In the high-income group, we got statistically signi cant elasticities of 0.17 for per capita income and −0.44 for household size. ese results are based on small samples and should be followed up by larger surveys.
AFRICAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH
Purpose: The study assessed the engagement of people in the collection of the miombo woodland wil... more Purpose: The study assessed the engagement of people in the collection of the miombo woodland wild edible mushroom species for domestic and commercial uses as means of improving the livelihoods of the people in the Ruvuma and Tabora Regions. Design/ Methodology/Approach: Cross-sectional research designs were employed where data were collected once in each selected village in Ruvuma and Tabora region. A sample size of 152 from fourteen villages in Songea and Tabora Regions was sampled. Questionnaires, focus group discussions and key informant interviews were used in collecting data. Descriptive statistics were calculated and used to obtain total scores, means, frequencies and percentages which were used to describe the key findings. Qualitative information collected using focus group discussions and key informant interviews were summarized using content analysis. Findings: About 98% of the interviewed people are engaged in mushroom collection implying the importance of this activity...
Analyzing aspects of land-use sustainability in Tanzania : current forest degradation, urban charcoal demand, and impacts of future firewood and charcoal consumption
Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, 2019
Potentials for Rehabilitating Degraded Land in Tanzania
Climate Change and Multi-Dimensional Sustainability in African Agriculture, 2016
In Tanzania, land rehabilitation seems promising for repairing damaged ecosystems and provide sus... more In Tanzania, land rehabilitation seems promising for repairing damaged ecosystems and provide sustainable supply of forest and food products, thus securing vital environmental services including increased carbon sequestration for global climate change mitigation. Comprehensive estimates of how large areas Tanzania has of degraded land are however lacking. This study aimed to (i) assess the area of degraded land potentially available for rehabilitation in various regions of the country, and (ii) give a review of main experiences and economic results gained in previous land rehabilitation studies in the country. Based on new data from the National Forest Resource Monitoring and Assessment of Tanzania we found that about 49 % (43.3 mill ha) of the total land area in Mainland Tanzania is under either light (43 %, 37.7 mill ha), moderate (5 %, 4.4 mill ha) or heavy (1.3 %, 1.2 mill ha) erosion. These areas are substantial, and imply large opportunities for land rehabilitation. None economic studies were found which have calculated benefits and costs of land rehabilitation in Tanzania. Such studies are urgently needed in order to identify and prioritize among the most promising rehabilitation activities.
Sawnwood Substitution in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and its Linkage to Environmental Conservation
Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography, 2016
There is an increased trend of global awareness and discussions on the contribution of building d... more There is an increased trend of global awareness and discussions on the contribution of building designs and materials in global warming and greenhouses gases emissions. The use of wood materials in the construction sector is also increasing hence linked to forest industries and conservation, building sector, global warming and global climate change. The construction sector contributes directly and indirectly to environmental degradation and greenhouses gases emissions. With the current global awareness on climate change and adaptation, the substitution of wood products in the construction sector in Tanzania is inevitable. Despite its significant growth, the substitution of sawnwood by different alternatives in Tanzania is not well examined. Therefore, this study forecasted the substitution of sawnwood for year 2016, 2021 and 2026 for Dar es Salaam using income elasticity of demand to explain the effects of these substitutions to the environment. The consumption of sawnwood in none storey buildings, medium category and high category buildings were 2.69 m3, 3.1 m3 and 5.3 m3 respectively. In 2012, Dar es Salaam consumed a total of 8,706.9 m3 of sawnwood for doors and window frames in about 2878 new buildings. Kinondoni district consumed 42.2%, Ilala district 34.8% and Temeke district 23% of the total sawnwood. The per capita sawnwood consumption for building in Dar es Salaam in 2012 was 2.7 m3 while for aluminium was 46.2 m2. Windows showed high substitution of sawnwood compared to doors with aluminium being the main substitute material. The forecasted per capita consumption of sawnwood and aluminium materials for buildings in 2026 was 3.4 m3 and 86.8 m2 respectively. Sawnwood consumption in none storey buildings is increasing as a results of high rate of urbanization and economic growth hence increased number of middle-income population which causes an increased demand and construction of houses for residential purposes. The increased demand for construction materials have negative impacts to the environment where these materials are harvested. We recommend further research on the effects of substitution of sawnwood and the promotion of lesser-known and underutilized sawnwood species to strengthen wood industry in Tanzania due to the current high demand of sawnwood and high substitution rates.
Monitoring Costs and Benefits under Conventional and Community-based Approaches used in Forest Management in Iringa District, Tanzania
Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography, 2016
Involvement of local communities in monitoring forest resources is perceived to lower monitoring ... more Involvement of local communities in monitoring forest resources is perceived to lower monitoring costs and reduce burden to the government and ensure sustainability of those resources. This paper compared monitoring costs and benefits under conventional and community-based monitoring methods used in forest management in Tanzania. Specifically the paper intended to identify activities undertaken in conventional and community-based monitoring approaches, explore the perceptions of the local communities and experts on the two approaches, assess and compare monitoring costs in each approach and hence suggest the most effective approach for monitoring forest resources. Data were collected in eleven villages adjacent to Kitapilimwa and Nyang’oro forest reserves, Iringa district. Quantitative data were analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences and excel computer programs. Results show that under community-based monitoring approach the frequently performed activity was patrolling while in conventional monitoring was boundary consolidation. The average payment for patrolling was Tshs. 1445.46 (≈ 1.45 USD)/person/day while escorting researchers was Tshs. 2522.73 (≈ 2.52 USD)/ person/day. About 39% of the respondents perceived that people use much of their time in monitoring activities with little payments. Under community-based monitoring approach the average monitoring costs was Tshs. 11153.85 (≈ 11.15 USD)/person/year and Tshs. 114.78 (≈ 0.11 USD)/ha/year while under conventional monitoring was Tshs. 25755.73 (≈ 25.76 USD)/person/year and 392.08 (≈ 0.39 USD)/ha/year. Conventional monitoring was perceived to be more effective than community based monitoring approach in data collection activities. To ensure sustainability of forest resources in the villages, we suggest the use of both monitoring approaches than a stand-alone approach to complement each other and maximize the potentials. Mainstream it into the existing government structure to avoid duplication of efforts and ensure sustainability of conservation activities. We recommend further research to assess the effectiveness of community based monitoring system on data collection and its quality.
A Review of Studies Related to Charcoal Production, Consumption, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Tanzania
Climate Change Management
In Tanzania, land rehabilitation seems promising for repairing damaged ecosystems and provide sus... more In Tanzania, land rehabilitation seems promising for repairing damaged ecosystems and provide sustainable supply of forest and food products, thus securing vital environmental services including increased carbon sequestration for global climate change mitigation. Comprehensive estimates of how large areas Tanzania has of degraded land are however lacking. This study aimed to (i) assess the area of degraded land potentially available for rehabilitation in various regions of the country, and (ii) give a review of main experiences and economic results gained in previous land rehabilitation studies in the country. Based on new data from the National Forest Resource Monitoring and Assessment of Tanzania we found that about 49 % (43.3 mill ha) of the total land area in Mainland Tanzania is under either light (43 %, 37.7 mill ha), moderate (5 %, 4.4 mill ha) or heavy (1.3 %, 1.2 mill ha) erosion. These areas are substantial, and imply large opportunities for land rehabilitation. None economic studies were found which have calculated benefits and costs of land rehabilitation in Tanzania. Such studies are
Involvement of local communities in monitoring forest resources is perceived to lower monitoring ... more Involvement of local communities in monitoring forest resources is perceived to lower monitoring costs and reduce burden to the government and ensure sustainability of those resources. This paper compared monitoring costs and benefits under conventional and community-based monitoring methods used in forest management in Tanzania. Specifically the paper intended to identify activities undertaken in conventional and community-based monitoring approaches, explore the perceptions of the local communities and experts on the two approaches, assess and compare monitoring costs in each approach and hence suggest the most effective approach for monitoring forest resources. Data were collected in eleven villages adjacent to Kitapilimwa and Nyang'oro forest reserves, Iringa district. Quantitative data were analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences and excel computer programs. Results show that under community-based monitoring approach the frequently performed activity was patrolling while in conventional monitoring was boundary consolidation. The average payment for patrolling was Tshs. 1445.46 (≈ 1.45 USD)/person/day while escorting researchers was Tshs. 2522.73 (≈ 2.52 USD)/ person/day. About 39% of the respondents perceived that people use much of their time in monitoring activities with little payments. Under community-based monitoring approach the average monitoring costs was Tshs. 11153.85 (≈ 11.15 USD)/person/year and Tshs. 114.78 (≈ 0.11 USD)/ha/year while under conventional monitoring was Tshs. 25755.73 (≈ 25.76 USD)/person/year and 392.08 (≈ 0.39 USD)/ha/year. Conventional monitoring was perceived to be more effective than community based monitoring approach in data collection activities. To ensure sustainability of forest resources in the villages, we suggest the use of both monitoring approaches than a stand-alone approach to complement each other and maximize the potentials. Mainstream it into the existing government structure to avoid duplication of efforts and ensure sustainability of conservation activities. We recommend further research to assess the effectiveness of community based monitoring system on data collection and its quality.
Miombo (Zambezian savanna) woodlands are important forest vegetation in Tanzania. The forests con... more Miombo (Zambezian savanna) woodlands are important forest vegetation in Tanzania. The forests contain
biomass which is vital for climate change mitigation strategy. However the extent of increasing biomass under
participatory forest management for carbon sequestration and storage is not clear. Understanding of this biomass
will aid development of effective climate change mitigation strategies and promote sustainable forest management.
This study involved 276 systematically determined concentric sample plots laid out in eight miombo woodland forests
(four in Mbeya region and four in Iringa region). Of these plots, 145 were laid in participatory managed forests and
131 in reference scenario, called business as usual (BAU) or open access forest selected in proximity. The main
finding was that most of PFM forests had significant increase in biomass (P < 0.05) as compared to the reference
scenario. Mean biomass increased from 48.05 t/ha ± 0.03 to 37.91 t/ha ± 0.19 in PFM forests. Likewise mean
biomass was 37.91 t/ha ± 0.11 to15.79 t/ha ± 0.13 for reference scenario BAU forests. This implied higher average
carbon stock in participatory managed forests (21.37 t/ha) against the reference scenario (11.28 t/ha). The results
provide evidence that participatory forest management approach in miombo woodlands of Tanzania have potential
for climate change mitigation strategies. Despite the challenge in determining reference scenario, these findings
present useful benchmark against which further study can be performed.
There is an increased trend of global awareness and discussions on the contribution of building d... more There is an increased trend of global awareness and discussions on the contribution of building designs and
materials in global warming and greenhouses gases emissions. The use of wood materials in the construction
sector is also increasing hence linked to forest industries and conservation, building sector, global warming and
global climate change. The construction sector contributes directly and indirectly to environmental degradation
and greenhouses gases emissions. With the current global awareness on climate change and adaptation, the
substitution of wood products in the construction sector in Tanzania is inevitable. Despite its significant growth, the
substitution of sawnwood by different alternatives in Tanzania is not well examined. Therefore, this study forecasted
the substitution of sawnwood for year 2016, 2021 and 2026 for Dar es Salaam using income elasticity of demand
to explain the effects of these substitutions to the environment. The consumption of sawnwood in none storey
buildings, medium category and high category buildings were 2.69 m3, 3.1 m3 and 5.3 m3 respectively. In 2012, Dar
es Salaam consumed a total of 8,706.9 m3 of sawnwood for doors and window frames in about 2878 new buildings.
Kinondoni district consumed 42.2%, Ilala district 34.8% and Temeke district 23% of the total sawnwood. The per
capita sawnwood consumption for building in Dar es Salaam in 2012 was 2.7 m3 while for aluminium was 46.2
m2. Windows showed high substitution of sawnwood compared to doors with aluminium being the main substitute
material. The forecasted per capita consumption of sawnwood and aluminium materials for buildings in 2026 was
3.4 m3 and 86.8 m2 respectively. Sawnwood consumption in none storey buildings is increasing as a results of high
rate of urbanization and economic growth hence increased number of middle-income population which causes an
increased demand and construction of houses for residential purposes. The increased demand for construction
materials have negative impacts to the environment where these materials are harvested. We recommend further
research on the effects of substitution of sawnwood and the promotion of lesser-known and underutilized sawnwood
species to strengthen wood industry in Tanzania due to the current high demand of sawnwood and high substitution
rates.
Involvement of local communities in monitoring forest resources is perceived to lower monitoring ... more Involvement of local communities in monitoring forest resources is perceived to lower monitoring costs and reduce burden to the government and ensure sustainability of those resources. This paper compared monitoring costs and benefits under conventional and community-based monitoring methods used in forest management in Tanzania. Specifically the paper intended to identify activities undertaken in conventional and community-based monitoring approaches, explore the perceptions of the local communities and experts on the two approaches, assess and compare monitoring costs in each approach and hence suggest the most effective approach for monitoring forest resources. Data were collected in eleven villages adjacent to Kitapilimwa and Nyang'oro forest reserves, Iringa district. Quantitative data were analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences and excel computer programs. Results show that under community-based monitoring approach the frequently performed activity was patrolling while in conventional monitoring was boundary consolidation. The average payment for patrolling was Tshs. 1445.46 (≈ 1.45 USD)/person/day while escorting researchers was Tshs. 2522.73 (≈ 2.52 USD)/ person/day. About 39% of the respondents perceived that people use much of their time in monitoring activities with little payments. Under community-based monitoring approach the average monitoring costs was Tshs. 11153.85 (≈ 11.15 USD)/person/year and Tshs. 114.78 (≈ 0.11 USD)/ha/year while under conventional monitoring was Tshs. 25755.73 (≈ 25.76 USD)/person/year and 392.08 (≈ 0.39 USD)/ha/year. Conventional monitoring was perceived to be more effective than community based monitoring approach in data collection activities. To ensure sustainability of forest resources in the villages, we suggest the use of both monitoring approaches than a stand-alone approach to complement each other and maximize the potentials. Mainstream it into the existing government structure to avoid duplication of efforts and ensure sustainability of conservation activities. We recommend further research to assess the effectiveness of community based monitoring system on data collection and its quality.
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Papers by Greyson Nyamoga
biomass which is vital for climate change mitigation strategy. However the extent of increasing biomass under
participatory forest management for carbon sequestration and storage is not clear. Understanding of this biomass
will aid development of effective climate change mitigation strategies and promote sustainable forest management.
This study involved 276 systematically determined concentric sample plots laid out in eight miombo woodland forests
(four in Mbeya region and four in Iringa region). Of these plots, 145 were laid in participatory managed forests and
131 in reference scenario, called business as usual (BAU) or open access forest selected in proximity. The main
finding was that most of PFM forests had significant increase in biomass (P < 0.05) as compared to the reference
scenario. Mean biomass increased from 48.05 t/ha ± 0.03 to 37.91 t/ha ± 0.19 in PFM forests. Likewise mean
biomass was 37.91 t/ha ± 0.11 to15.79 t/ha ± 0.13 for reference scenario BAU forests. This implied higher average
carbon stock in participatory managed forests (21.37 t/ha) against the reference scenario (11.28 t/ha). The results
provide evidence that participatory forest management approach in miombo woodlands of Tanzania have potential
for climate change mitigation strategies. Despite the challenge in determining reference scenario, these findings
present useful benchmark against which further study can be performed.
materials in global warming and greenhouses gases emissions. The use of wood materials in the construction
sector is also increasing hence linked to forest industries and conservation, building sector, global warming and
global climate change. The construction sector contributes directly and indirectly to environmental degradation
and greenhouses gases emissions. With the current global awareness on climate change and adaptation, the
substitution of wood products in the construction sector in Tanzania is inevitable. Despite its significant growth, the
substitution of sawnwood by different alternatives in Tanzania is not well examined. Therefore, this study forecasted
the substitution of sawnwood for year 2016, 2021 and 2026 for Dar es Salaam using income elasticity of demand
to explain the effects of these substitutions to the environment. The consumption of sawnwood in none storey
buildings, medium category and high category buildings were 2.69 m3, 3.1 m3 and 5.3 m3 respectively. In 2012, Dar
es Salaam consumed a total of 8,706.9 m3 of sawnwood for doors and window frames in about 2878 new buildings.
Kinondoni district consumed 42.2%, Ilala district 34.8% and Temeke district 23% of the total sawnwood. The per
capita sawnwood consumption for building in Dar es Salaam in 2012 was 2.7 m3 while for aluminium was 46.2
m2. Windows showed high substitution of sawnwood compared to doors with aluminium being the main substitute
material. The forecasted per capita consumption of sawnwood and aluminium materials for buildings in 2026 was
3.4 m3 and 86.8 m2 respectively. Sawnwood consumption in none storey buildings is increasing as a results of high
rate of urbanization and economic growth hence increased number of middle-income population which causes an
increased demand and construction of houses for residential purposes. The increased demand for construction
materials have negative impacts to the environment where these materials are harvested. We recommend further
research on the effects of substitution of sawnwood and the promotion of lesser-known and underutilized sawnwood
species to strengthen wood industry in Tanzania due to the current high demand of sawnwood and high substitution
rates.