Shiv Lal

Rajasthan Technical University, Mechanical Engineering, Faculty Member

IIT Delhi, Center for Energy Study, Graduate Student

Followers

455

Following

Co-authors

Public Views

Dr. Shiv Lal, working as an associate professor at RTU Kota. I did my PhD in Renewable Energy from IIT Delhi. I have more than 26 Year teaching and 2 years industrial experience.
Phone: +91-9636855553
Address: Department of Mechanical Engineering
Rajasthan Technical University Kota, India
Rawatbhata Road Kota-324010

less

InterestsView All (9)

Uploads

Papers by Shiv Lal

All India Seminar on

This paper reviews and demonstrates how artificial intelligence (AI) methods can enhance the oper... more This paper reviews and demonstrates how artificial intelligence (AI) methods can enhance the operational performance, reliability, and economics of a typical 5 kW rooftop photovoltaic (PV) system. We synthesize state-of-the-art AI approaches across four key functions: (1) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and adaptive control, (2) short-term power forecasting for energy management, (3) automated fault and soiling detection, and (4) predictive maintenance and lifetime estimation. We propose an integrated AI framework combining reinforcement-learning (RL) MPPT, Spatio-temporal LSTM forecasting, convolutional neural network (CNN)-based visual inspection, and unsupervised anomaly detection for maintenance scheduling. Equations describing PV behavior and the AI objective functions are provided. A simulation/case study for a canonical 5 kW rooftop system illustrates potential improvements: energy yield increases (1 6% depending on conditions) and reduced downtime through earlier fault detection.

Download

Assessing Solar-Biomass System For Rural Electrification In India Using The Integrated Multi-Objective Optimization And TOPSIS

International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2025

Rural electrification remains a priority in India where distributed renewable solutions can deliv... more Rural electrification remains a priority in India where distributed renewable solutions can deliver reliable low-cost electricity to off-grid communities. Hybrid solar-biomass systems combine solar PV with locally available biomass to increase reliability and reduce levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) and emissions. This paper presents an integrated methodology combining multi-objective optimization (using a Pareto-based evolutionary algorithm) and a TOPSIS-based decision ranking to assess optimal system configurations for a representative Indian village. Objectives considered include minimizing LCOE and total net present cost (NPC), minimizing emissions, and maximizing reliability (measured by Loss of Power Supply Probability, LPSP) and renewable fraction. A case study demonstrates the method and shows how TOPSIS helps select a best-compromise solution from the Pareto front for practical deployment. The results confirm that solarbiomass hybrids can significantly improve supply reliability while achieving competitive LCOE compared to diesel or standalone options.

Download

Sustainable Solar Energy Policies: Significance and Impact for Sustainable Development

by Shiv Lal, Dr. Shanti Lal Meena, R.K. Parajapati, and Vikas Kumar

International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2025

The transition toward sustainable development necessitates a profound transformation in global en... more The transition toward sustainable development necessitates a profound transformation in global energy policies, with solar energy emerging as a pivotal pillar in this evolution. This research paper critically examines the formulation, implementation, and long-term impact of sustainable solar energy policies across developed and developing economies. Emphasizing policy instruments such as feed-in tariffs, tax incentives, net metering, and green financing mechanisms, the study analyzes their role in accelerating solar adoption, enhancing grid resilience, and reducing carbon emissions. Through a comparative and interdisciplinary approach, the research explores how effective policy frameworks not only support energy equity but also align with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and SDG 13 (Climate Action). The paper further discusses the challenges of policy integration, financing gaps, and socio-political barriers that influence solar energy dissemination. Ultimately, this study underscores that well-structured and adaptive solar energy policies are instrumental in driving inclusive, economic, and environmental sustainability.

Research and development in solar chimney power plant technologies: a review

International Journal of Renewable Energy Technology, 2015

Solar chimney power plant seems an alternative source for electrical power generation. The large ... more Solar chimney power plant seems an alternative source for electrical power generation. The large volume canopy air heated in the system and flow through a small opening of chimney can produce the requisite kinetic energy to run the turbo-generator and generating electrical power. Few laboratory scale solar chimney power plants are running in the world; mostly used for R&D purpose. There is immense opportunity for research and development particularly in large size solar collector system, chimney design and low wind power generators. The present study deals with the comprehensive review of various design, analysis, and material aspects of solar chimney and integrated approaches of the practically realised design reported in previous studies. Some very recent developments in solar chimney power plant technologies are also highlighted.

Experimental investigation and CFD simulation studies of a laboratory scale solar chimney for power generation

Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 2016

Abstract In this communication, thermal performance of the laboratory type solar chimney for powe... more Abstract In this communication, thermal performance of the laboratory type solar chimney for power generation is studied for a warm and semi-arid climate of Kota, India. Mathematical and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling are used to calculate the specific parameters, energetic and exergetic efficiencies. The predicted results are validated through experimental studies and statistical assessment shows that predicted temperatures are observed very close to measured data. The temperature variation along the collector height is also examined. The maximum air temperature and velocity in the collector area are found to be 42.4 °C and 12.2 m/s respectively at 1400 h of the typical day. The maximum solar radiation is measured to be 820 W/m2 at 1200 h. The maximum ambient temperature is found to be 42 °C at 1400 h of the typical day. The temperature of the collector surface is approximately 4–6 °C higher than the hot air temperature at the peak hours of the typical day. The high energy efficiency is estimated to be 3.5% at 1200 h of the day and reduced by morning and evening hours. The exergy efficiency is also low and found to be 8% at the same time. The turbine installation location is decided by the maximum velocity point, which is estimated with the help of CFD simulation as to be 0.25–1 m inside the chimney pipe. The effect of chimney height, inlet temperature and the solar radiation is also evaluated and model equation for performance measurements is developed. The diameter of the chimney is very low as 0.2032 m and velocity generated at the entry of the chimney (exit of collector) is appropriate to produce small power and it can be used as a small power plant.

Thermal performance prediction and energy conservation potential of earth air tunnel heat exchanger for thermal comfort in building

Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 2014

In this communication, thermal performance of building integrated “Earth Air Tunnel Heat Exchange... more In this communication, thermal performance of building integrated “Earth Air Tunnel Heat Exchanger” (EATHE) has been studied for a composite climate of Delhi. Mathematical model and building thermal simulation software (Energy Plus) are used for prediction of indoor air temperatures. The predicted results are validated through experimental results. Energy conservation potential both for heating and cooling of EATHE has been evaluated for winter and summer months in a specific year. Quantitative assessment of CO2 mitigation has also been computed. It is observed that Coefficient of performance (COP) of EATHE is found between 6.3–13 during summer and 6.8–9.5 during winter season. The maximum drop in air temperature across the earth air tunnel is found to be 8.7 °C with air velocity of 2.69 m/s during peak summer and during winter season the room air temperature is raised by 5–7 °C. On the other hand, the system is capable of maintaining room temperature in the range of 27–30 °C during...

A case study on solar chimney-assisted ventilation for residential building in India

International Journal of Energy Sector Management, 2013

Purpose – The ventilation and air-conditioning systems consume the highest energy in the building... more Purpose – The ventilation and air-conditioning systems consume the highest energy in the building sector. The proper ventilation in residential buildings through the passive solar systems can substantially reduce the energy consumption in building sector. The paper aims to identify the application of wind shaft as a solar chimney, a passive ventilation system and evaluated the performance of the system. Design/methodology/approach – The paper investigated the performance of the solar chimney with size, absorber area 9.76 m2 and height 4.57 m, based on experimental data recorded in the city, Kota (25°10N, 75°52E), India. Solar data were recorded using the state of the art weather station situated very closer to the residence. The air velocity and temperatures in the chimney and in the building are recorded in data logger. A simple mathematical model was used for the evaluation of the air change per hour (ACH) in the residential building. Findings – From the analysis of weather data, ...

Machine Learning-Based Performance Prediction Model For Solar PV Systems Using Meteorological Inputs

by Shiv Lal, Dr. Shanti Lal Meena, Mohammad Okif, and R.K. Parajapati

International Journal of Environmental Sciences, Jul 3, 2025

Accurate performance prediction of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems is crucial for efficient energ... more Accurate performance prediction of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems is crucial for efficient energy planning and grid integration. This study develops a machine learning-based prediction model that utilizes key meteorological inputssuch as solar irradiance, ambient temperature, humidity, and wind speed-to forecast PV power output. Using advanced regression and ensemble learning techniques, the model is trained and validated on real-world datasets to ensure robustness across varying climatic conditions. Results show that the proposed approach significantly improves prediction accuracy over traditional empirical models, supporting better operational planning and integration of renewable energy into the power grid. This work demonstrates the potential of data-driven models in enhancing the reliability and efficiency of solar PV systems, contributing to sustainable energy transitions.

Download

Application Of Artificial Intelligence Approach For Carbon Reduction Through RES In Buildings

International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) for carbon reduction through Renewable Energy Systems (RES) in build... more Artificial Intelligence (AI) for carbon reduction through Renewable Energy Systems (RES) in buildings can offer several significant benefits, which contribute to both environmental sustainability and operational efficiency. Through efficient energy management, predictive analytics, and optimized integration of renewable energy sources, AI can reduce energy costs in buildings. AI allows buildings to scale their renewable energy and carbon-reducing initiatives. As more buildings or districts adopt AI-integrated RES, the system can scale efficiently without needing significant redesigns or new infrastructure. Additionally, AI systems are adaptable, meaning that they can evolve and adjust to new technologies, renewable energy sources, and carbon reduction strategies. By optimizing energy use, facilitating better integration of renewable resources, and ensuring continuous performance monitoring, AI can significantly contribute to making buildings more sustainable and carbon-neutral.

Download

CCUS technology or renewable energy for India's net zero carbon emission mission? Fuzzy analytical hierarchy process

Energy Reports, 2025

The trajectory of India's energy system is a combination of technology and policy mix which exten... more The trajectory of India's energy system is a combination of technology and policy mix which extends to reliable, affordable and attainable energy sources. More than 60 % of electrical power is generated by coal in India as well as globally. The major air pollution take place due to the thermal power plants and the country needs to deploy carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology in thermal power plants that can help to decarbonize the economy. In present era, the CCUS is a cutting-edge technology for the power plants and Industries. The paper is validating the use of CCUS technology as a better option for India in the present scenario. The Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) multi-criteria method is used to compare the potential of CCUS and renewable energy. The value of CCUS is evaluated by 0.981 and the value of Renewables (REW) is 0.609 in India. Presently the study suggests that CCUS has an advantage over (Renewables) REW in comparison to time taken for CO 2 reduction and present energy mix is in favorable for CCUS whereas REW has a cost advantage over CCUS. The Business As Usual (BAU) estimation is also forecasted the future energy demand and CO 2 reduction till 2050.

Download

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON THE DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF SOLAR-WIND HYBRID POWER SYSTEMS

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CURRENT ADVANCED RESEARCH, 2025

Integration into the power grid in renewable energy sources such as sun and wind has increased si... more Integration into the power grid in renewable energy sources such as sun and wind has increased significantly in recent years. However, these hybrid systems introduce electrical quality problems, including voltage-fast rash, harmonic deformities and frequency deviations. This review papers examine recent trends and technologies to improve the power quality of the solar and wind Hybrid Energy Systems. Different power conditioning techniques, control strategies and mitigation methods are analyzed to increase online stability and performance. The study concludes that superior electricity electronics, machine studying-based manipulate mechanisms and a robust strength storage device play an essential role in enhancing the strength high-quality of renewable structures. This article offers a complete overview of the layout and optimization of solar-wind hybrid energy systems, overlaying numerous crucial factors to provide a well-rounded understanding of the problem. It starts an introduction outlining the importance and potential of hybrid renewable power solutions, accompanied by way of a review of Previous Research highlighting key contributions and improvements in the discipline. The section on Solar-Wind Basics gives the essential ideas and complementary nature of sun and wind strength sources. Further, the item consists of quick yet crucial records at the Designing Components for Solar-Wind Hybrid Power Systems, discussing major hardware factors which includes photovoltaic panels, wind mills, batteries, and converters. Control Strategies are explored to give an explanation for the strategies used for efficient power control and load balancing. In Design Optimization, various techniques and algorithms hired to decorate device overall performance and reduce prices are reviewed. The article also examines Simulation Tools typically used for device modeling and evaluation. A phase on Economic Analysis evaluates the financial feasibility and fee-effectiveness of hybrid structures. It additionally addresses present Challenges

Download

Simulation Studies of Grid-Connected 1 KW Wind Energy Power Plant using MATLAB for Renewable Energy Building in RTU Kota, India

International Journal of Science and Engineering Invention, 2025

The renewable energy sources like wind energy takes an important role to achieve sustainable goal... more The renewable energy sources like wind energy takes an important role to achieve sustainable goal. The wind energy is freely available pollution-free source by which electricity can be produced by the help of wind turbine. Small wind is available in Kota of speed 3m/s to 5 m/s for whole year. So small windmill which can be operated on the small and medium wind can be installed in Kota along with the Chambal River in plain areas and nearby hills. This study focuses on the design and simulation of a 1 kW grid-connected wind energy power plant for a Department of Renewable Energy building in Kota, India. The project aims to harness wind energy as a sustainable source of power to meet the energy demands of the building. By integrating a small-scale wind turbine with the existing grid infrastructure, this system ensures both renewable energy generation and reliability through grid support. The wind energy potential of the Kota region is analyzed, and the system is designed based on local wind speed patterns. The design includes key components such as the wind turbine, power electronics for grid interfacing, and battery storage for energy stability. Simulations are conducted using MATLAB/Simulink to evaluate the system's performance in terms of energy output, efficiency, and grid compatibility. The study demonstrates the feasibility of implementing small-scale wind energy systems in urban institutional buildings and highlights the potential of renewable energy integration in India's energy mix.

Download

Effect of Wind Speed and Capacitive Power on a Grid Connected 1MW Wind Energy Power Plant Using MATLAB/Simulink

International Journal of Science and Engineering Invention , 2025

This study presents the design and simulation of a 1 MW grid-connected phasor-type wind turbine s... more This study presents the design and simulation of a 1 MW grid-connected phasor-type wind turbine system using MATLAB/Simulink. The turbine is modelled with a line-to-line voltage of 400 V and operates at a frequency of 50 Hz, aligning with standards in India. Advanced features include high-temperature superconducting generators to reduce size and weight while maintaining efficiency with minimal losses. The aerodynamic design is optimized using blade element momentum (BEM) theory to enhance performance across various wind speeds. The simulation incorporates a step device for wind speed control and a rate limiter to regulate speed variations. Power flow is measured from the wind turbine to the grid, with a capacitor bank providing necessary reactive power. The results demonstrate that the system successfully delivers 1 MVA of power to the grid, confirming the effectiveness of the design and simulation parameters. The analysis indicates that as wind speed drops below nominal levels, the pitch angle increases, and reactive power becomes negative, around-0.22. Real power decreases with wind speed, from 1 PU at 12 m/s to 0.495 PU at 10 m/s. At 14 m/s, real power exceeds from 1 PU. With a 400 kVAR capacitor bank, some reactive power is supplied by the grid; whereas at 1 VAR, the grid provides all required reactive power. For a wind speed of 12 m/s, the turbine's power measurement is about 163.2 kVA, while the grid measures 179.5 kVA which is reflecting minor reactive power losses. Ultimately, the wind turbine delivers approximately 0.96 MW of real power to the grid.

Download

THD Reduction and Power Quality Enhancement in Solar Wind Hybrid Systems A Comprehensive Review

International Journal of Science and Engineering Invention, 2025

The rising demand for sustainable and efficient energy sources has accelerated the adoption of hy... more The rising demand for sustainable and efficient energy sources has accelerated the adoption of hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES), particularly those combining solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind power. These systems enhance reliability and energy security but also introduce significant power quality (PQ) challenges most notably, Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). This review explores the key sources of PQ issues in solar-wind hybrids, emphasizing THD origins and impacts. It details system configurations, control strategies, and the role of power electronic converters such as inverters, rectifiers, and MPPT controllers. Various THD mitigation methods are analyzed, including passive/active filters, advanced control techniques (PWM, SVM), and AI-based optimization (fuzzy logic, neural networks, genetic algorithms). Standards from IEEE/IEC are referenced for performance benchmarks. Emerging solutions like UPQC, DVR, smart inverters, and IoT-based monitoring are also discussed, offering a comprehensive outlook on enhancing PQ in modern grid-connected hybrid systems.

Download

Water Quality Assessment of the Jaisamand Dam in Alwar, India

Journal of Applied Science and Education, 2024

The physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of Jaisamand Dam in Alwar are examined i... more The physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of Jaisamand Dam in Alwar are examined in this work. The adjacent rural villages rely on Jaisamand Dam for drinking water and irrigation. The Ruparail River and Siliserh Lake have been overflowing, creating the lake. The data collected throughout the year 2024. Low visibility, dissolved oxygen, and low fluoride levels, along with high temperature, pH, BOD, TDS, TSS, alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, DO, conductivity and alkalinity clearly indicate poor water quality.

Download

Design And Simulation Of Grid-Connected Solar Wind Hybrid Power System With MPPT Techniques

Nanotechnology Perceptions, 2024

The quality of electric power generated and distributed has become an important issue for electri... more The quality of electric power generated and distributed has become an important issue for electric utilities and consumers. Power quality is a notion of many discrete power system disturbances. The concerns that are covered under the power quality notion are not essentially fresh but the factor of cracking to resolve the power quality issue is trending now-a-days. The common thread running through all these reasons for increased concern about the quality of electric power is the continued push for increasing productivity for all utility customers. Poor power quality, characterized by Characterized voltage fluctuations, hormonics, frequency variation and reactive strengthening imbalance, wind stability, efficiency and equipment can adversely affect performance. This article focuses on the simulation of wind-connected solar wind hybrid power systems using maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques. Perturb and observe (P & O) MPPT algorithm are used on both photovoltaic system (PV) and wind power conversion system to maximize power outlets under environmental conditions. The system has modelled and simulated using Matlab/Simulink to analyse performance in terms of power quality and and efficiency. The proposed hybrid system increases energy-reliance by stopping nature by stopping individual renewable sources. The effectiveness of P&O MPPT technique is evaluated by comparing the response time, tracking accuracy and efficiency in dynamic conditions. The results improve better energy consumption, stable voltage profiles and spontaneous integration with grid. This article contributes to the development of effective hybrid renewable systems, which ensure durable and stable power generation.

Download

Power Quality Enhancement in Grid Connected Solar Wind Hybrid System using FACTS Devices

J. Electrical Systems , 2024

Due to the high cost of fossil fuels and the need to care about the environment, there has been a... more Due to the high cost of fossil fuels and the need to care about the environment, there has been a big shift towards renewable energy sources (RES). One of these RES is wind energy which is freely available and which can be used to generate electricity without fuel. It depend on the speed of wind, it can be hard to get good power quality. The presence of this part changes both the power and voltage of the part that is connected to the wind turbine. Controlling the fluctuations and making wind power work better requires a new method and new controls. In order to keep people safe, potential excitation induction generators are also used. Using different energy storage technologies can also help even out the changes that wind power causes. In addition to the reactive power adjustment, use a static compensator for the harmonic current injection. Wind turbines are not only getting better at making power, but they are also getting better at handling problems. A dynamic voltage restorer can help correct the reactive power of a wind turbine. The wind turbine is linked to this thing. Because of this, a Static Compensator, also called a STATCOM, was put in place to fix problems with the quality of the power at the point of common connection. By using PID control, the STATCOM can have a much faster response time. Even though it takes a lot of time and work, making sure the system is stable requires a fast response time, a long settling time, and a good overshoot rate. To successfully control the exchange of active and reactive power between a STATCOM and an AC system, the phase and magnitude of the STATCOM's output voltages must be set in the right way. Because of this, power quality standards in the grid system are kept up by adjusting the output of the STATCOM compensator to match the current control strategy in the control scheme. The power system block set in SIMULINK is used to simulate the wind energy generation system that is connected to the grid. This is done so that the STATCOM-control scheme can be used to improve the power quality.

Download

Analyzing the influence of water depth on active conical solar still performance

Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 2025

This study aims to evaluate the water depth of an active conical solar still that is integrated i... more This study aims to evaluate the water depth of an active conical solar still that is integrated into partially covered N-photovoltaic thermal compound parabolic concentrator collectors (N-PVT-CPC) to make the system self-sustaining. The suggested system employs solar energy to desalinate water, and its conical shape maximizes solar absorption due to its geometry. Mathematical modelling is performed on MATLAB (R2024a) at various water depths ranging from 0.01 to 0.23 m using a simplified energy balance equation for each system component at the New Delhi location in April. It is seen that the system has optimized at the 0.10 m depth of water after that the increment in yield is very minimal. The results also reveal that the thermal efficiency and rate of evaporation of solar still depend on the water depth. Furthermore, the suggested system is compared to the passive conical solar still, and the yield is enhanced by 43.47 %.

Download

Power Quality Enhancement in Grid Connected Solar Wind Hybrid System using FACTS Devices

Journal of Electrical Systems, 2024

Download

Assessing Water Desalination in the United Arab Emirates: An Overview

Shiv Lal

Uploads

Papers by Shiv Lal

Log In