N/A

A shorter version of this paper, entitled "Family Names Used as Subject Headings in MARC Catalog Records," appeared in Descriptive Notes: the Newsletter of the Description Section of the Society of American Archivists, Summer 2006.

Опубликовано: Журнал "Современная наука: актуальные проблемы теории и практики. Серия «Гуманитарные науки» №5-6 2014г. Юлдашева Гули Исматуллаевна Yuldasheva Guli Ismatullayevna Иранский фактор в центральноазиатской стратегии США и ЕС Iranian Factor in the US and EU Strategy in Central Asia Аннотация Ключевые слова: международный порядок, геополитика, баланс интересов, регион, безопасность, стабильность Key words: international order, geopolicy, balance of interests, region, security, stability С момента обретения своей независимости республики Центральной Азии (ЦА) почти автоматически вовлекаются в процесс противостояния США и Исламской Республики Иран (далее -Иран). С одной стороны, страны ЦА получают возможность восстановить взаимоотношения с Ираном, близкой в территориально-географическом, историческом и религиозно-культурном смысле державой, с другой, начинают развивать отношения с единственной супердержавой мира -Соединенными Штатами и их традиционным союзником -Европейским Союзом. Очевидно, что прежние схемы биполярного устройства в условиях современных глобальных тенденций себя исчерпали. В то же время становление многополярного мира и поиск баланса интересов многочисленных акторов чрезвычайно осложняется с учетом тесно взаимосвязанных проблем безопасности. Как следствие, затягивается

T his article examines the special features,
trends, and dynamics of Iranian-
Turkish relations in Central Asia
(CA) in anticipation of removal of the sanctions
from Iran and transformation of the entire
international relations system. It analyzes
the specifics of Turkey’s current Central
Asian approaches and identifies the key external
factors that are influencing the development
of its relations with the region’s
countries from the outside.
The author examines the new aspects
of Ankara’s Central Asian strategy from this
viewpoint, as well as the Islamic Republic of
Iran’s (IRI) role in it. The author also stresses
the importance of what she considers to
be the main factors: Euro-Atlantic (the U.S.
and EU) and Eurasian (Russia, China).
The article closes by noting that the increasing
pragmatism and rationalism in the
present approaches of Turkey and Iran is allowing
them to establish balanced and re38
Volume 15 Issue 4 2014 CENTRAL ASIA AND THE CAUCASUS
strained cooperation with the CA countries,
keeping in mind their common historicalcultural
and spiritual heritage, as well as the
prospects for potentially mutually advantageous
partnership within the framework of
the planned New Silk Road energy transportation
corridors.
In so doing, Iran or Turkey gaining a
stronger position in the current system of relations
will depend not only on resolving the
current Iranian-American and other interstate
problems, but also on the efficiency of their
regional strategies and the degree to which
the CA countries’ interests are observed.

Р ассматриваются особенности,
тенденции и динамика ирано-ту-
рецких отношений в Центральной
Азии (ЦА) в преддверии возможного сня-
тия с Ирана санкций и трансформации
всей системы международных регио-
нальных связей. Анализируются специ-
фика сегодняшних центральноазиат-
ских подходов Турции и ключевые внеш-
ние факторы, влияющие на развитие ее
отношений со странами региона.
В этой связи исследуются новые
аспекты центральноазиатской стра-
тегии Анкары и та роль, которая отво-
дится в ней Исламской Республике Иран
(ИРИ). Кроме этого, автор делает упор
на значении основных, по его мнению,
факторов: евроатлантического (США и
ЕС) и евразийского (Россия, Китай).
Отмечается, что усиление тен-
денций прагматизма и рационализма в
подходах Турции и Ирана позволяет им
строить со странами ЦА сбалансиро-
ванную и «сдержанную» кооперацию,
учитывающую общность историко-
культурного и духовного наследия, а
также перспективы потенциально взаи-
мовыгодного партнерства в рамках пла-
нируемых энерготранспортных коридо-
ров Нового Шелкового пути. При этом
укрепление позиций Ирана или Турции в
складывающейся системе взаимоотно-
шений будет зависеть не только от
урегулирования текущих ирано-амери-
канских и других межгосударственных
проблем, но и от эффективности их
собственных региональных стратегий
и соблюдения ими интересов стран ЦА.

В данной статье дается обзор изданной до 2006г. современной международно-политической литературы, главным образом в области геополитики и теории международных отношений (МО). Целью исследования является выявление основных тенденций в развитии современной международно-политической науки и доминирующих концептуальных положений в области методологии и анализа международных отношений.

The EU is one of the most influential global actors, with an enormous potential to contribute to the development and overall security of Central Asia. In spite of the ongoing global economic crisis, the EU still has substantial resources in comparison to other Eurasian actors with which to sponsor high-tech innovation, education, and infrastructure in Central Asia, and to inject scientific-intellectual and financial capital into the region.

This monograph by Guli Yuldasheva offers a fresh, detailed overview of geopolitical and geoeconomic (energy and transport-transit corridors) processes in modern Central Asia through the prism of the regional policies and mutual interaction of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the United States.

The primary objective of the following article is to examine current trends in water management in post-Soviet Central Asia. The hypothesis of the article is that ongoing discrepancies and absence of consensus among the Central Asian states on water issues will encourage the growth of economic, ecological, and political threats to the development of the states. The key research approaches are systems and strategic analysis combined with geopolitical, dialectical, traditional-historical, and empirical approaches. The methodology is characterized by an objective approach to the correlation of general and specific in the development of the Central Asian states and their influence on the inner political processes in the region. The methodology allows investigation of the region as a whole system with special interconnections and interdependence of its components in order to define priority strategic goals and tasks of each structural element of the system. Main outcomes and results of t...

This article examines geopolitical tendencies around Central Asia (CA) in the context of the Iranian factor in international relations. In all political processes in CA interests are underscored by energy security and the struggle of the competing powers for dominance and access to energy resources in the region. Iran’s role is shown as both a source of tension in the region and a transit route for CA hydrocarbons. Within this framework the negative impact of the US anti-Iranian strategy on the whole geopolitical situation in the region is revealed. It is argued that without resolving Iranian-American disputes and achieving the adequate balance of interests in the CA between the US and Russia there will not be geopolitical and, hence, economic stability in the region.

This article examines geopolitical tendencies around Central Asia (CA) in the context of the Iranian factor in international relations. In all political processes in CA interests are underscored by energy security and the struggle of the competing powers for dominance and access to energy resources in the region. Iran's role is shown as both a source of tension in the region and a transit route for CA hydrocarbons. Within this framework the negative impact of the US anti-Iranian strategy on the whole geopolitical situation in the region is revealed. It is argued that without resolving Iranian-American disputes and achieving the adequate balance of interests in the CA between the US and Russia there will not be geopolitical and, hence, economic stability in the region.

This article examines geopolitical tendencies around Central Asia (CA) in the context of the Iranian factor in international relations. In all political processes in CA interests are underscored by energy security and the struggle of the competing powers for dominance and access to energy resources in the region. Iran's role is shown as both a source of tension in the region and a transit route for CA hydrocarbons. Within this framework the negative impact of the US anti-Iranian strategy on the whole geopolitical situation in the region is revealed. It is argued that without resolving Iranian-American disputes and achieving the adequate balance of interests in the CA between the US and Russia there will not be geopolitical and, hence, economic stability in the region.

All religions have their own code of ethics. Presently, there is no single code of secular ethics that has been accepted by every religion. Islam has rejected the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). This essay is an attempt to establish a secular code acceptable to all.

The paradigm of the Three Primary Virtues, in conjunction with the Hierarchy of Loyalties, is a basic model of how we live our lives. The three virtues are loyalty, honor, and duty. We bestow tokens of these virtues on our object constructs. And yet the virtues can be seen as vices relative to other constructs in the Hierarchy.

This is a methodology to synthesize the three main ethical systems, namely Virtue Ethics, Consequentialism, and Deontology. The synthesis is proposed because of the inability to resolve ethical issues on the basis of a single system. The multiview methodology is intended to be applied to thorny ethical issues that face mankind.