Best work by Nikola Perkovic
In this short paper we will propose a new equation for the proton charge radius which is inversel... more In this short paper we will propose a new equation for the proton charge radius which is inversely proportional to the Rydberg constant and directly proportional to the running value of the fine structure constant on the protonic scale. This will define the proton charge radius only by the effective value of the fine structure constant and the Rydberg constant. This new equation also disproves the old value of the proton charge radius 0.877(50) which was measured by using electron-proton scattering and further solidifies the newer and smaller values 0.8414(19) provided by NIST.
In this paper we will provide a new equation that explains why there are three generations or fam... more In this paper we will provide a new equation that explains why there are three generations or families of leptons and quarks, respectively. We will also explain why all those particles have the known mass ratios amongst their three respective generations and flavors. We will also tackle the problem of Yukawa couplings being arbitrary parameters in the Standard Model Higgs mechanism, which is a long standing problem do to their formulaic dependence on the Higgs Vacuum Expectation Value (VEV). We will attempt to solve this problem and provide a strong argument through an equation for Yukawa couplings of all leptons and quarks via a new methodology that depends on the running of the fine-structure constant on the Q scale, quantum numbers and the Weinberg angle (also on the Q scale). We will also make predictions for all three left-chiral neutrino mass eigenstates and we will provide upper limits for the three right-chiral neutrino mass eigenstates.
In this brief paper we will propose a new equation for the proton charge radius. We will base our... more In this brief paper we will propose a new equation for the proton charge radius. We will base our new equation on the Trinhammer-Bohr formula which states that the proton charge radius is directly proportional to the proton Compton wavelength. We will then propose a new equation for the proton Compton wavelength which is inversely proportional to the Rydberg constant and directly proportional to the running value of the fine structure constant on the protonic scale. This will define the proton charge radius only by the effective value of the fine structure constant and the Rydberg constant. This new equation also disproves the old value of the proton charge radius 0.877(50) which was measured by using electron-proton scattering and further solidifies the newer and smaller values 0.8414(19) provided by NIST.
Open Science Journal of Modern Physics, 2019
The Newtonian gravitational constant G is still not known to high levels of accuracy after approx... more The Newtonian gravitational constant G is still not known to high levels of accuracy after approximately two hundred years of experimental work. This presents a problem since G is one of the most fundamental constants in physics. We will attempt to advance the study of G by establishing a new method that relates it to the Fermi coupling constant. This will be done via a formulaic representation of G depending only on muonic and tauonic parameters, respectively. The first formula relates G with the muon Compton wavelength, mass and mean lifetime as well as the running value of the fine structure constant on the muonic scale. The second formula uses parameters of tau leptons. Using the mean lifetime of muons we rewrite the formula and establish the aforementioned relation between G and the Fermi coupling constant after which we proceed to account for the weak corrections on the muon mean lifetime. The results obtain by the two formulas for muons and tau leptons, respectively, are 98.11% and 99.9% in agreement with the value of G provided by NIST. It is concluded that there is a possibility for the " running " of G thus requiring the calculation of an effective value.
Fluctuations of the quantum vacuum are best understood in terms of virtual particle anti-particle... more Fluctuations of the quantum vacuum are best understood in terms of virtual particle anti-particle pairs. In the context of the Weinberg formula that relates the mass of a pion to fundamental physical constants such as the gravitational constant and the Hubble constant, we will define the mass of an electron in the same fashion since virtual electron-positron pairs are far more common in the quantum vacuum fluctuations of Quantum Electrodynamics than virtual pion pairs. After redefining the Weinberg formula for electrons instead of pions we will replace the Hubble constant with the more suitable Hubble parameter used in modern times in an attempt to help explain why the zero point energy of the vacuum doesn't cause a much larger value of the cosmological constant.
The Newtonian Gravitational Constant in Fermi Theory with Weak Radiative Corrections
The Newtonian gravitational constant G is still not known to high levels of accuracy after approx... more The Newtonian gravitational constant G is still not known to high levels of accuracy after approximately two hundred years of experimental work. This presents a problem since G is one of the most fundamental constants in physics. We will attempt to advance the study of G by establishing a new method that relates it to the Fermi coupling constant. This will be done via a formulaic representation of G depending only on muonic and tauonic parameters, respectively. The first formula relates G with the muon Compton wavelength, mass and mean lifetime as well as the running value of the fine structure constant on the muonic scale. The second formula uses parameters of tau leptons. Using the mean lifetime of muons we rewrite the formula and establish the aforementioned relation between G and the Fermi coupling constant after which we proceed to account for the weak corrections on the muon mean lifetime. The results obtain by the two formulas for muons and tau leptons, respectively, are 98.1...
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Aug 10, 2019
We will define the mass of an electron in the context of Weinberg's empirical formula that relate... more We will define the mass of an electron in the context of Weinberg's empirical formula that relates the mass of a pion to fundamental physical constants, namely the gravitational and Planck constants, the speed of light in vacuum and the Hubble constant. After redefining the Weinberg formula to apply for electrons instead of pions we will add density parameters, used in modern Cosmology, to the Hubble constant in an attempt to persevere the universality of free fall which is one of the corner stones of General Relativity. Universality of free fall is not violated if fundamental physical constants do not vary with time which will be demonstrated in the aforementioned empirical formula for the electron mass and thus, subsequently the proton-toelectron mass ratio, the fine structure constant as well as for the gravitational constant.
Drafts by Nikola Perkovic
The problem of Yukawa couplings being arbitrary parameters in the Standard Model Higgs mechanism ... more The problem of Yukawa couplings being arbitrary parameters in the Standard Model Higgs mechanism is a long standing one due to their formulaic dependence on the Higgs Vacuum Expectation Value. We will attempt to solve this problem and provide a strong argument that the Yukawa couplings of charged leptons and down type quarks are not arbitrary parameters in the SM. A new methodology for predicting the Yukawa couplings will be presented by using Compton wavelengths, the Rydberg Constant and g-factors of charged leptons instead of relying on the Higgs VEV. We will then proceed to rewrite this new method in terms of an empirical formula that depends on the running of the fine-structure constant on the Q scale, charge and lepton quantum numbers and g-factors to predict the values of the Yukawa couplings for all three generations of charged leptons and d-type quarks. We will also touch on the subject of neutrinos both as Majorana and Dirac fermions respectively and make a prediction for t...
A Step Away From the Matter Generation Mechanism
Yukawa coupling constants are arbitrary parameters in the Standard Model Higgs mechanism meaning ... more Yukawa coupling constants are arbitrary parameters in the Standard Model Higgs mechanism meaning that the SM Higgs mechanism does not predict the masses of elementary fermions nor does it explain why there are three generations of matter, namely leptons and quarks, respectively. We will present a formula that accurately measures Yukawa couplings for all three generations of charged leptons that is electrons, muons and tauons, respectively, without relying on the Higgs vacuum expectation value (VEV) but instead only using the fine structure constant, accounting for the running when the scale Q equals the mass of muons and then tauons, respectively. The formula also accounts for charged lepton generations therefore providing the first crucial step towards forming the theoretical framework necessary to explain the generation mechanism of matter.
Fluctuations of the quantum vacuum are best understood in terms of virtual particle anti-particle... more Fluctuations of the quantum vacuum are best understood in terms of virtual particle anti-particle pairs. In the context of the Weinberg formula that relates the mass of a pion to fundamental physical constants such as the gravitational constant and the Hubble constant, we will define the mass of an electron in the same fashion since virtual electron-positron pairs are far more common in the quantum vacuum fluctuations of Quantum Electrodynamics than virtual pion pairs. After redefining the Weinberg formula for electrons instead of pions we will replace the Hubble constant with the more suitable Hubble parameter used in modern times in an attempt to help explain why the zero point energy of the vacuum doesn't cause a much larger value of the cosmological constant.
Open Science Journal of Modern Physics, 2019
The Newtonian gravitational constant G is still not known to high levels of accuracy after approx... more The Newtonian gravitational constant G is still not known to high levels of accuracy after approximately two hundred years of experimental work. This presents a problem since G is one of the most fundamental constants in physics. We will attempt to advance the study of G by establishing a new method that relates it to the Fermi coupling constant. This will be done via a formulaic representation of G depending only on muonic and tauonic parameters, respectively. The first formula relates G with the muon Compton wavelength, mass and mean lifetime as well as the running value of the fine structure constant on the muonic scale. The second formula uses parameters of tau leptons. Using the mean lifetime of muons we rewrite the formula and establish the aforementioned relation between G and the Fermi coupling constant after which we proceed to account for the weak corrections on the muon mean lifetime. The results obtain by the two formulas for muons and tau leptons, respectively, are 98.11% and 99.9% in agreement with the value of G provided by NIST. It is concluded that there is a possibility for the “running” of G thus requiring the calculation of an effective value.
In this paper we will provide a new equation that explains why there are three generations or "fa... more In this paper we will provide a new equation that explains why there are three generations or "families" of leptons and quarks, respectively. We will also explain why all those particles have the known mass ratios amongst their three respective generations and flavors. We will also tackle the problem of Yukawa couplings being arbitrary parameters in the Standard Model Higgs mechanism, which is a long standing problem do to their formulaic dependence on the Higgs Vacuum Expectation Value (VEV). We will attempt to solve this problem and provide a strong argument through an equation for Yukawa couplings of all leptons and quarks via a new methodology that depends on the running of the fine-structure constant on the Q scale, quantum numbers and the Weinberg angle (also on the Q scale). We will also make predictions for all three left-chiral neutrino mass eigenstates and we will provide upper limits for the three right-chiral neutrino mass eigenstates.
We will define the mass of an electron in the context of Weinberg's empirical formula that relate... more We will define the mass of an electron in the context of Weinberg's empirical formula that relates the mass of a pion to fundamental physical constants, namely the gravitational and Planck constants, the speed of light in vacuum and the Hubble constant. After redefining the Weinberg formula to apply for electrons instead of pions we will add density parameters, used in modern Cosmology, to the Hubble constant in an attempt to persevere the universality of free fall which is one of the corner stones of General Relativity. Universality of free fall is not violated if fundamental physical constants do not vary with time which will be demonstrated in the aforementioned empirical formula for the electron mass and thus, subsequently the proton-to-electron mass ratio, the fine structure constant as well as for the gravitational constant.
The problem of Yukawa couplings being arbitrary parameters in the Standard Model Higgs mechanism ... more The problem of Yukawa couplings being arbitrary parameters in the Standard Model Higgs mechanism is a long standing one due to their formulaic dependence on the Higgs Vacuum Expectation Value. We will attempt to solve this problem and provide a strong argument that the Yukawa couplings of charged leptons and down type quarks are not arbitrary parameters in the SM. A new methodology for predicting the Yukawa couplings will be presented by using Compton wavelengths, the Rydberg Constant and g-factors of charged leptons instead of relying on the Higgs VEV. We will then proceed to rewrite this new method in terms of an empirical formula that depends on the running of the fine-structure constant on the Q scale, charge and lepton quantum numbers and g-factors to predict the values of the Yukawa couplings for all three generations of charged leptons and d-type quarks. We will also touch on the subject of neutrinos both as Majorana and Dirac fermions respectively and make a prediction for the lightest possible Majorana neutrino and the differences between Dirac neutrinos and anti-neutrinos. We conclude that the Yukawa couplings are not arbitrary parameters in the SM and that this new formula provides very accurate results.
Yukawa coupling constants are arbitrary parameters in the Standard Model Higgs mechanism meaning ... more Yukawa coupling constants are arbitrary parameters in the Standard Model Higgs mechanism meaning that the SM Higgs mechanism does not predict the masses of elementary fermions nor does it explain why there are three generations of matter, namely leptons and quarks, respectively. We will present a formula that accurately measures Yukawa couplings for all three generations of charged leptons that is electrons, muons and tauons, respectively, without relying on the Higgs vacuum expectation value (VEV) but instead only using the fine structure constant, accounting for the running when the scale Q equals the mass of muons and then tauons, respectively. The formula also accounts for charged lepton generations therefore providing the first crucial step towards forming the theoretical framework necessary to explain the generation mechanism of matter.
The Newtonian gravitational constant is still not known to a high level of accuracy after approxi... more The Newtonian gravitational constant is still not known to a high level of accuracy after approximately two hundred years of experimental work. This presents a problem having in mind that G is one of the most fundamental constants in physics. We will attempt to advance the study of the Newtonian gravitational constant by establishing a new method that relates it to the Fermi coupling constant. This will be done via a formulaic representation of G depending only on muonic and tauonic parameters, respectively. The first formula relates the Newtonian gravitational constant with the muon Compton wavelength, mass and mean lifetime as well as the running value of the fine structure constant on the muonic scale. The second formula does the same only instead of muons, it uses the same values of tau leptons. Using the mean lifetime of muons we rewrite the formula and establish the aforementioned relation between G and the Fermi coupling constant after which we proceed to account for the weak corrections on the muon mean lifetime. The results obtain by the two formulas for muons and tau leptons, respectively, are 98.11% and 99.9% in agreement with the value of G provided by NIST. It is conclude that a possibility that the Newtonian gravitational constant might be " running " thus requiring the calculation on an effective value, might exist.
Fermion Yukawa coupling constants are arbitrary parameters in the Standard Model Higgs mechanism ... more Fermion Yukawa coupling constants are arbitrary parameters in the Standard Model Higgs mechanism meaning that the SM Higgs mechanism does not predict the masses of elementary fermions namely charged leptons and quarks since neutrino masses are still not known to us. We will use fermion mean lifetimes and the Higgs boson lifetime in a simple formula to prove that the SM Higgs mechanism can predict the Yukawa couplings of unstable fermions, at the very least muon and tau leptons that are, respectively, the second and third generations of charged leptons and therefore the SM Higgs mechanism can predict the masses of unstable charged leptons. Electrons, the first generation of charged leptons, are excluded since they are stable particles and therefore have no mean lifetime. Additional arguments will be made for strange, charm and bottom quarks.
Fluctuations of the quantum vacuum are best understood in terms of virtual particle anti-particle... more Fluctuations of the quantum vacuum are best understood in terms of virtual particle anti-particle pairs. In the context of the Weinberg formula that relates the mass of a pion to fundamental physical constants such as the gravitational constant and the Hubble constant, we will define the mass of an electron in the same fashion since virtual electron-positron pairs are far more common in the quantum vacuum fluctuations of Quantum Electrodynamics than virtual pion pairs. After redefining the Weinberg formula for electrons instead of pions we will replace the Hubble constant with the more suitable Hubble parameter used in modern times in an attempt to help explain why the zero point energy of the vacuum doesn't cause a much larger value of the cosmological constant.
Papers by Nikola Perkovic
In my attempt to eliminate the Landau Pole from QED by " borrowing " asymptotic freedom from QCD,... more In my attempt to eliminate the Landau Pole from QED by " borrowing " asymptotic freedom from QCD, I was successful in uniting the coupling constants of the two, respectively. This equation, together with the already established electroweak unification forms a basis, within the Standard Model, to experimentally test Grand Unification. The part that can be tested experimentally is the value of the strong coupling constant for the energy value of the QCD integration parameter Λ, offering such a prediction for the first time. It should be also noted that I was successful in eliminating the Landau Pole.
In an attempt to eliminate the Landau Pole from QED by " borrowing " asymptotic freedom from QCD,... more In an attempt to eliminate the Landau Pole from QED by " borrowing " asymptotic freedom from QCD, I was successful in uniting the coupling constants of the two, respectively. This equation forms a basis, within the Standard Model, to experimentally test Electrostrong Unification. The part that can be tested experimentally is the value of the strong coupling constant for the energy value of the QCD integration parameter Λ QCD , offering such a prediction for the first time. It should be also noted that I was successful in eliminating the Landau Pole.
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Best work by Nikola Perkovic
Drafts by Nikola Perkovic
Papers by Nikola Perkovic