CN103605562B - Method for migrating kernel-based virtual machine (KVM) between physical hosts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for migrating a KVM virtual machine between physical hosts, and provides a method for migrating a physical operating system to a virtualization platform, including: network debugging of the physical machine; installation of migration software; virtual machine system from the source host Migrate to the destination host; among them, the required physical environment includes: two physical hosts; SLES11 SP1 system + KVM module; NFS server. The present invention effectively solves the problem that server manufacturers, virtualization manufacturers, system integrators, etc. migrate KVM virtual machines between physical hosts on the premise of ensuring uninterrupted system services, and can guide users to transfer virtual machines from The physical host is migrated to the destination host.

Description

A method for migrating KVM virtual machines between physical hosts

technical field

The invention relates to the field of service migration of a server based on a KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) virtualization platform, in particular to a method for migrating a virtual machine between physical hosts.

technical background

KVM, as an open source kernel virtual machine, is increasingly supported by major companies such as IBM, Redhat, HP, Intel, etc., and the open source virtualization ecosystem based on KVM is also becoming more and more perfect. End users have also begun to widely use KVM technology. With the increase in the number of KVM hosts, the failure rate or upgrade operations of hosts will also increase. How to ensure the reliability of virtual machines and the continuity of external services has become the primary issue for end users.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for migrating a KVM virtual machine between physical hosts, to ensure the normal operation of services on the virtual machine, and to move the virtual machine system from one source host to another destination host.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A method for migrating a KVM virtual machine between physical hosts, providing a method for migrating a physical operating system to a virtualization platform, including: physical machine network debugging; migration software installation; virtual machine system migration from a source host to a destination host ; Among them, the required physical environment includes: two physical hosts; SLES11 SP1 system + KVM module; NFS server.

The realization process of described method is: prepare the system environment of three physical servers, one is source host another one is destination host, last one is NFS server, operating system is Suse Linux Enterprise Server 11 Service Pack 1 (hereinafter referred to as :SLES11 SP1);

First, install SLES11 SP1 on the source host, destination host and NFS server, and install KVM on the source host and destination host;

Second, on the source host, create the virtual machine that needs to be migrated;

Then, deploy the NFS service on the NFS server to ensure that both the source host and the destination host can access the shared directory of the NFS server;

Finally, in the migrated virtual machine, open a browser to play a piece of network video through a video website, or other methods that can verify the uninterrupted service, such as using remote desktop to connect to the migrated virtual machine system, through the virt-manager graphical management tool Start the migration. During the migration process, the real-time network video is basically smooth or the remote desktop is not interrupted; after the migration is completed, a virtual machine with the same name is automatically created in the destination host, and continues to play online videos or provide remote desktop connection services. The virtual machine becomes suspended and no longer provides services; so far, the live migration is complete.

The specific implementation steps of the method include:

1) First, install the SLES11 SP1 system (this article only takes Suse LinuxEnterprise Server 11 Service Pack 1 as an example) and KVM related modules on the two hosts respectively;

2) Install the graphical management tool virt-manager to create a virtual machine;

3) Store the virtual machine storage files in the public storage space, set up a shared storage space, so that both the source host and the destination host can access; this article uses the NFS file system as the shared storage space.

4) Configure NFS service:

Modify the /etc/exports file and add /home/image *(rw,sync,no_root_squash)

rw: read and write permissions;

ro: read-only permission;

no_root_squash: If the user who logs in to the NFS host is a ROOT user, he has the ROOT authority. This parameter is very insecure, and it is recommended not to use it.

sync: Data is written into the memory synchronously;

async: The data will be temporarily stored in the memory first, and will not be directly written to the hard disk;

Restart the nfsserver service;

# service nfsserver restart

5) The source and destination hosts add NFS storage pools through virt-manager;

Click Edit menu->Host Details->Storage tab;

6) Add a new storage pool;

Click the "+" sign in the lower left corner to pop up a new window; enter the following parameters:

Name: the name of the storage pool;

Type: Select netfs: Network Exported Directory; because this article uses NFS as the shared storage protocol.

After clicking "Forward", enter the following parameters:

Target Path: The mapping directory shared and stored locally. In this article, this directory must be consistent on the source host and the destination host;

Format: select the storage type, here must be nfs;

Host Name: Enter the shared storage server, that is, the IP address or hostname of the NFS server;

Source Path: the shared directory output on the NFS server;

After clicking "Finish", the shared storage is successfully added; at this time, check the file system list of the Linux system on the physical machine, and you can see the directory mapped by the shared storage.

7) Create a KVM virtual machine based on shared storage on the source host-Windows Server 2008R2;

Select the shared storage pool and click "New Volume" to create a new storage volume;

Enter the storage volume parameters; in this example, a storage volume with a size of 10G and a format of qcow2 is created for the virtual machine.

8) Open the virt-manager application on the source host and connect to the localhost local virtual machine list;

Click File->Add Connection, and the Add Connection window will pop up, enter the following items,

Hypervisor: Select QEMU;

Connection: Select the connection method; this article selects the SSH connection.

Hostname: Enter the host name or IP address to be connected; fill in the destination host name victory4 here.

9) Click Connect, and after entering the system password, the list of virtual machines on the source host and destination host will be displayed;

10) Dynamically migrate the KVM virtual machine from the source host to the destination host,

Start the virtual machine Windwos 2008 R2 on the source host;

In the virtual machine, enable the real-time network service (used to verify the availability of the service during the migration process);

Enable the remote connection service remote access, and remotely connect to this virtual machine on other hosts.

Start a real-time web service; for example, open a browser and play a real-time web video.

To prepare for live migration, ensure that all virtual storage devices are shared at this time, including ISO and CDROM;

In the virt-manager window of the source host, right-click the virtual machine waiting to be migrated and select "Migrate":

New host: select the hostname of the destination host;

Address: fill in the IP address of the destination host;

Port and Bandwith: Specify the port and transmission bandwidth of the connection destination host, which is not set in this article and uses the default setting;

11) Click "Migrate" and "Yes" to start dynamically migrating the virtual machine;

12) Live migration time and network bandwidth, physical host performance and virtual machine related configuration;

13) After the migration is completed, a Windows 2008 R2 virtual machine with the same name is automatically created in the VMM of the destination host, and continues to provide remote connection services and play online videos; the virtual machine on the source host becomes suspended and no longer provides services.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

In summary, the present invention effectively solves the problem that server manufacturers, virtualization manufacturers, system integrators, etc. migrate KVM virtual machines between physical hosts on the premise of ensuring uninterrupted system services, and can guide users to migrate virtual machines The machine is migrated from the physical host that needs maintenance to the destination host.

Using the open source virtualization tool KVM on the Linux platform is developing rapidly, and the market occupancy rate is gradually increasing. Using this method can make the migration of KVM virtual machines more convenient and flexible, especially the dynamic migration technology, which improves the availability and reliability of virtual servers. And provide functional support for product research and development, procurement, program development and other work. This method can not only migrate operating systems such as windows and linux, but also migrate other unix operating systems. This method is applicable to all virtualization products based on KVM technology.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a network topology diagram of the present invention.

detailed description

Below with reference to accompanying drawing, content of the present invention is described with a specific example:

1) First, install the SLES11 SP1 system on the two hosts, taking Suse Linux EnterpriseServer 11 Service Pack 1 as an example, and KVM related modules;

2) Install the graphical management tool virt-manager to create a virtual machine;

3) Store the virtual machine storage files in a public storage space, and set a shared storage space that can be accessed by both the source host and the destination host; in this embodiment, the NFS file system is used as the shared storage space.

4) Configure NFS service:

Modify the /etc/exports file and add /home/image *(rw,sync,no_root_squash)

rw: read and write permissions;

ro: read-only permission;

no_root_squash: If the user who logs in to the NFS host is a ROOT user, he has the ROOT authority. This parameter is very insecure, and it is recommended not to use it.

sync: Data is written into the memory synchronously;

async: The data will be temporarily stored in the memory first, and will not be directly written to the hard disk;

Restart the nfsserver service;

# service nfsserver restart

5) The source and destination hosts add NFS storage pools through virt-manager;

Click Edit menu->Host Details->Storage tab;

6) Add a new storage pool;

Click the "+" sign in the lower left corner to pop up a new window; enter the following parameters:

Name: the name of the storage pool;

Type: Select netfs: Network Exported Directory; because this embodiment uses NFS as the shared storage protocol.

After clicking "Forward", enter the following parameters:

Target Path: The mapping directory shared and stored locally. In this article, this directory must be consistent on the source host and the destination host;

Format: select the storage type, here must be nfs;

Host Name: Enter the shared storage server, that is, the IP address or hostname of the NFS server;

Source Path: the shared directory output on the NFS server;

After clicking "Finish", the shared storage is successfully added; at this time, check the file system list of the Linux system on the physical machine, and you can see the directory mapped by the shared storage.

7) Create a KVM virtual machine based on shared storage on the source host-Windows Server 2008R2;

Select the shared storage pool and click "New Volume" to create a new storage volume;

Enter the storage volume parameters; this embodiment creates a storage volume with a size of 10G and a format of qcow2 for the virtual machine.

8) Open the virt-manager application on the source host and connect to the localhost local virtual machine list;

Click File->Add Connection, and the Add Connection window will pop up, enter the following items,

Hypervisor: Select QEMU;

Connection: Select the connection method; in this example, SSH connection is selected.

Hostname: Enter the host name or IP address to be connected; fill in the destination host name victory4 here.

9) Click Connect, and after entering the system password, the list of virtual machines on the source host and destination host will be displayed;

10) Dynamically migrate the KVM virtual machine from the source host to the destination host,

Start the virtual machine Windwos 2008 R2 on the source host;

In the virtual machine, enable the real-time network service (used to verify the availability of the service during the migration process);

Enable the remote connection service remote access, and remotely connect to this virtual machine on other hosts.

Start a real-time web service; for example, open a browser and play a real-time web video.

To prepare for live migration, ensure that all virtual storage devices are shared at this time, including ISO and CDROM;

In the virt-manager window of the source host, right-click the virtual machine waiting to be migrated and select "Migrate":

New host: select the hostname of the destination host;

Address: fill in the IP address of the destination host;

Port and Bandwith: Specify the port and transmission bandwidth of the connection destination host, which is not set in this article and uses the default setting;

11) Click "Migrate" and "Yes" to start dynamically migrating the virtual machine;

12) The time of dynamic migration is related to the network bandwidth, the performance of the physical host and the configuration of the virtual machine; the network connection in this embodiment is based on 1000Mbps Ethernet. Using RDC (Remote Desktop Connection) to remotely connect to the virtual machine has no interruption during the migration process; the real-time network video played in the virtual machine is basically smooth, and the pause time is very short. If a 10000Mbps network is used, the migration time will be greatly reduced, and the virtual machine service downtime will be almost negligible.

13) After the migration is completed, a Windows 2008 R2 virtual machine with the same name is automatically created in the VMM of the destination host, and continues to provide remote connection services and play online videos; the virtual machine on the source host becomes suspended and no longer provides services.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of method that KVM virtual machines are migrated between physical host, it is characterised in that there is provided a kind of physical operating system To virtual platform migration method, including：Physical machine Networked E-Journals；Migration software is installed；Dummy machine system is moved from source host Move to destination host；Wherein, required physical environment includes：Physical host two；SLES11 SP1 system+KVM modules；NFS takes Business device, the process of realizing of methods described is：Prepare the system environmentss of three physical servers, one is for other one of source host Destination host, last is nfs server, and operating system is Suse Linux Enterprise Server 11 Service Pack 1；

First, SLES11 SP1 are installed on source host, destination host and nfs server, and on source host and destination host KVM is installed；

Secondly, on the source host, the virtual machine for needing migration is created；

Then, NFS services are disposed on nfs server, it is ensured that source host and destination host may have access to the shared of nfs server Catalogue；

Finally, in the virtual machine being migrated, open browser and one section of Internet video is played by video website, or other can be tested The continual method of card service, by virt-manager graphically managing instruments migration is proceeded by, real in transition process When Internet video it is basic smooth or remote desktop does not interrupt；After the completion of migration, automatically created in destination host one it is of the same name Virtual machine, and continue to play Online Video or Remote desk process service is provided, the virtual machine on source host is changed into suspending shape State, no longer provides service；So far, dynamic migration is completed.

2. the method that a kind of KVM virtual machines according to claim 1 are migrated between physical host, it is characterised in that described The process that implements of method includes：

1）First, SLES11 SP1 systems and KVM correlation modules are respectively mounted on two main frames；

2）Figure management tool virt-manager is installed and creates virtual machine；

3）Virtual machine storage file is stored in public memory space, a shared memory space is set, source host and mesh is allowed Main frame can access；

4）Configuration NFS services：

Modification/etc/exports files, addition/home/image * (rw, sync, no_root_squash)

rw：Read-write authority；

ro：Read-only authority；

no_root_squash；

sync：Data is synchronously written in memorizer；

async：Data can be first temporarily stored in internal memory, and will not write direct hard disk；

Restarting nfsserver services；

# service nfsserver restart

5）Source host and destination host add NFS storage pools by virt-manager；

Click on Edit menu->Host Details->Storage tab；

6）One new storage pool of addition；

The "+" number in the lower left corner is clicked on, a new window is ejected；It is input into following parameter：

Name：The name of storage pool；

Type：Select netfs：Network Exported Directory；

After clicking on " Forward ", following parameter is input into：

Target Path：Shared to be stored in local mapping directory, herein this catalogue is on source host and destination host Must be consistent；

Format：Storage class is selected, here must be nfs；

Host Name：The shared storage server of input, that is, IP addresses or the hostname of NFS servers；

Source Path：The share directory exported on NFS servers；

After clicking on " Finish ", shared storage is added successfully；The file system row of Linux systems are now checked in physical machine Table, it can be seen that the catalogue of shared storage mapping；

7）KVM virtual machine-Windows Server the 2008R2 based on shared storage are created on source host；

Shared storage pool is selected, " New Volume " is clicked on and is created new storage volume；

Input storage volume parameter；

8）Virt-manager application programs are opened on the source host, connect localhost the machine virtual machine lists；

Click on File->Add Connection, eject addition connection window, are input into the following,

Hypervisor：Select QEMU；

Connection：Select connected mode；

Hostname：Host name or IP addresses that input will connect；

9）Connect is clicked on, after input system password, source host and the virtual machine list on destination host will be shown；

10）From source host dynamic migration KVM virtual machines to destination host,

Start the R2 of virtual machine Windwos 2008 on the source host；

In virtual machine, real-time network service is opened；

Long-range Connection Service remote access is opened, this virtual machine is remotely connected on other main frames；

Opening network real time service；

Prepare dynamic migration, it is ensured that all of virtual memory facilities is now shared, including ISO and CDROM；

In the virt-manager windows of source host, the virtual machine to be migrated such as click by right key, select " Migrate "：

New host：Select the hostname of destination host；

Address：Insert the IP addresses of destination host；

Port and Bandwith：Port and the transmission bandwidth of connection destination host are specified, is not set herein, using silent Recognize setting；

11）Click on " Migrate " and " Yes " and start dynamic migration virtual machine；

12）The time of dynamic migration and the network bandwidth, the performance of physical host and virtual machine relevant configuration；

13）After the completion of migration, a R2 of Windows 2008 of the same name is automatically created in the VMM of destination host virtual Machine, and continue to provide long-range Connection Service and broadcasting Online Video；Virtual machine on source host is changed into halted state, no longer carries For service.