A Guide for Parents of Bilingual Children. 2nd edition. Enlarged. Ed. K. Zechenter, 2016
Language is the most perfect means of communication between human beings. It enables the world to... more Language is the most perfect means of communication between human beings. It enables the world to be shared by people across the globe. It allows us either to speak with one voice or express dissent. Hearing a child utter their very first words is one of the most precious and blissful moments in a parent's life. The joy of bringing up a child allows us to laugh out loud, while small successes sometimes make our voices tremble. By communicating with words we can make a point about important matters. We seek the company of people who share the same language, and avoid the company of those who waste words and misuse phrases. In a nutshell, language is our window on the world.
Bilingual and Bicultural. Speaking Polish in North America. Ed. K. Zechenter, 2017
When dealing with the development of bilingual children, we examine the language we use to suppor... more When dealing with the development of bilingual children, we examine the language we use to support them in their development of language acquisition. We prompt others by telling them what to do when a child mixes up languages and we counter the claim that bilingualism causes a delay in language development. We want to stress that deficiencies in language are not generated by being bilingual and we would like to advise you on how to work on those deficiencies, particularly when they cause misunderstandings in communication or understanding a child's speech. We want to encourage you to seek advice to work on speech deficiencies regarding grammar and style. We point out the most common causes of speech defects emphasizing that the diagnosis should involve specialists who are trained in this area.
Sigmatism, or improper realization of the dental sounds of the alveolo-palatal consonants (ś, ź, ... more Sigmatism, or improper realization of the dental sounds of the alveolo-palatal consonants (ś, ź, ć, dź) and/or sibilants (s, z, c, dz) and/or fricatives (sz, ż, cz, dż), is one of the most severe speech therapy problems in bilingual children attending Polish Saturdays schools. Lisping is caused, among others, by improperly built speech organs or their low efficienc, but also by disorder s ovf phonemic hearing-inappropriate reception of hearing aids. In bilingual children who speak Polish and English simultaneously, there is often an additional phonetic difficulty associated with the weak differentiation of consonants, ś, ź, ć, dź in opposition to sz, ż, cz, dż. The development of phonemic hearing in young children is one of the methods to prevent lisping, in older people-a way to eliminate it. The role of teachers of Saturday schools is invaluable in this case-phonemic hearing exercises play a significant role not only in learning the correct articulation, but also in mastering the skills of reading and writing.
Sigmatism, or improper realization of the dental sounds of the alveolo-palatal consonants (ś, ź, ... more Sigmatism, or improper realization of the dental sounds of the alveolo-palatal consonants (ś, ź, ć, dź) and/or sibilants (s, z, c, dz) and/or fricatives (sz, ż, cz, dż), is one of the most severe speech therapy problems in bilingual children attending Polish Saturdays schools. Lisping is caused, among others, by improperly built speech organs or their low efficienc, but also by disorder s ovf phonemic hearing-inappropriate reception of hearing aids. In bilingual children who speak Polish and English simultaneously, there is often an additional phonetic difficulty associated with the weak differentiation of consonants, ś, ź, ć, dź in opposition to sz, ż, cz, dż. The development of phonemic hearing in young children is one of the methods to prevent lisping, in older people-a way to eliminate it. The role of teachers of Saturday schools is invaluable in this case-phonemic hearing exercises play a significant role not only in learning the correct articulation, but also in mastering the skills of reading and writing.
Milton Benett's developmental model of intercultural sensitivity assumes openness to differences ... more Milton Benett's developmental model of intercultural sensitivity assumes openness to differences that exist in a multicultural environment. This attitude evolves as part of a process that includes: acceptance of a different culture, adaptation and integration. During the workshop, practical issues were presented such as: identity as a source of diversity, cultural influences in the process of communication, cultural values of fairy tales and proverbs, ethnocentrism, intercultural differences, difficulties related to acculturation occurring in children, acculturation strategies.
During the classes were presented basic elements of speech therapy workshop, which can be used by... more During the classes were presented basic elements of speech therapy workshop, which can be used by glottodidactists in teaching correct pronunciation of bilingual children. The degree of mastery of the phonetic system of a new language has a significant impact on the success of the glottodidactic process. Speech defects significantly delay the acquisition of a second language and also reduce communication skills. During the workshop were indicated phonetic skills that should be achieved at particular age ranges, as well as exercises that allow to overcome the difficulties associated with incorrect pronunciation.
Polskie wychodźstwo i jego przyczyny podczas II wojny światowej i po jej zakończeniu , 2019
The most poignant testimony of an individual's collision with Nazi totalitarianism can be found i... more The most poignant testimony of an individual's collision with Nazi totalitarianism can be found in personal relationships, as evidenced by, for example, letters from forced labor camps.
In the speech was presented the unpublished correspondence of Ksawery Rutczyński (1902-1978) from the Neersen Camp. A participant in the Polish-Bolshevik war in 1920 (8th Uhlan Regiment), a husband and father of four children, he was arrested in September 1944. Returned home successfully before Easter 1946.
Over 80 letters and post cards bearing stamps with the likeness of Adolf Hitler are correspondence run between Ksawery Rutczyński and his wife, sons, extended family and friends.
Economical, due to the imposed volume restrictions, in a condensed way depicts homesickness, lack of bread, but above all a misunderstanding of its place in a world ruled by the cruel machine of history.
First mention of this topic appears in the mid-sixteenth century. Several waves of plague decimat... more First mention of this topic appears in the mid-sixteenth century. Several waves of plague decimated Warsaw, decimating the population of the capital, to mention the largest of the years 1708-1712, when the city was almost deserted. In the following years, a severe harvest among the residents of the capital will be collected by: cholera, plague (black death), smallpox, typhus spotty, scarlet fever, tuberculosis, leprosy, Saint Anthony's disease, English sweat and also - during the Great Wars - venereal diseases (especially syphilis, known since the Middle Ages).
The appearance of the epidemic caused changes every time: administrative (power over the city was taken over by the air mayor, special sanitary committees were established, special hygiene regulations were introduced), social (sick or suspected of illness were forced to go to the place of isolation - to leperiosis, a warning system was introduced through the so-called lanterns of the dead and institutional (shelters for the poor and travelers, orphanages, hospitals) and urban (sanitary trenches constituting protection against mighty air, infectious cemeteries).
There were many superstitions associated with outbreaks, which sometimes found their embodiment in original methods of treatment or peculiar rites.
To this day, in the architecture of Warsaw, you can find objects directly related to epidemics, e.g. the cholera cemetery on the Esplanade of Fort Śliwicki, the cemetery in Stare Bródno or thankful shrines for surviving the plague (among others at Wólczyńska Street).
Much information about the time of the plague can be found in the notes of Łukasz Wood, a pharmacist and a Warsaw mayor air, which created, among others place of retreat for those in debt in Kępa Pólkowska and also left a poem devoted to epidemics.
The Onset of the New Order: Europe 1939-1940, 2019
Warsaw and Coventry in Great Britain are two cities that were entirely destroyed during World War... more Warsaw and Coventry in Great Britain are two cities that were entirely destroyed during World War II. Coventry was wiped from the face of Earth by carpet bombing raid in 1940. Following this event, the German language gained a new word: "coventriesieren", meaning "to utterly destroy", "to raze to the ground". In retaliation for the Coventry bombing, the Allies soon carried out merciless air raids over Dresden, Kiel and Berlin. In 1945, the residents of Coventry decided to unite with the residents of the ruined German cities. Warsaw was also the victim of carpet bombing raids (in 1939), but the real slaughter came during the Warsaw Uprising in 1944. The capital was never avenged, and the history of Polish-German reconsiliation gained a longer time perspective (the message of Polish bishops to German bishops was written in 1965). The situation was further complicated by the fact that Poland was in the orbit of influence of the next totalitarian regime. The talk presented the destruction of the two cities, the terrible landscape war, and two different proposals for overcoming the stale-mate, conditioned by a differing historical situation.
Muzyczny rok 1969 i jego kulturowe implikacje, 2019
The speech presented magical places related to 1969 located in London - in a historical perspecti... more The speech presented magical places related to 1969 located in London - in a historical perspective (press clippings) as well as contemporary (photographs). Cult clubs, pubs and bars, recording studios, record stores, music equipment and clothing, residential houses, as well as ordinary-unusual streets. In the context of the City of London there will appear artists such as The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, The Who, Pink Floyd, Cream, Sex Pistols, Jimi Hendrix, Bob Dylan and David Bowie.
Kobiety w historii, kulturze, literaturze i języku: Europa Środkowo-Wschodnia, 2019
Cezaria Baudouin de Courtenay-Jędrzejewiczowa (1885-1967) is an extraordinary figure. She belonge... more Cezaria Baudouin de Courtenay-Jędrzejewiczowa (1885-1967) is an extraordinary figure. She belonged to a small group of women involved in science before the First World War. Professor of ethnography and ethnology, educator, forerunner of field research, from 1933 head of the Department of Polish Ethnology at the University of Warsaw. After the war, she found herself in exile in Great Britain. In 1958 she was elected rector of the Polish University of Abroad in London, thus becoming the first woman in the history of the European academy in this position.
Kształcenie nauczycieli języka polskiego jako obcego: od teorii do praktyki, 2019
Dyspraxia, or the syndrome of a clumsy child, affects approximately 6% of school-age children in ... more Dyspraxia, or the syndrome of a clumsy child, affects approximately 6% of school-age children in the light of the latest statistics. Manifested, among others difficulties in writing and reading, malfunctioning working memory, reduced ability to formulate complex statements. In the psychological aspect, dyspraxia results in low self-esteem as well as limited competences in peer and social relations. Children with the syndrome of a clumsy child also show increased hyperactivity and aggression. How to see a bilingual child with dyspraxia in the classroom and help him effectively in the conditions of the Polish Saturday school - this is a question that I tried to answer during the speech
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In the speech was presented the unpublished correspondence of Ksawery Rutczyński (1902-1978) from the Neersen Camp. A participant in the Polish-Bolshevik war in 1920 (8th Uhlan Regiment), a husband and father of four children, he was arrested in September 1944. Returned home successfully before Easter 1946.
Over 80 letters and post cards bearing stamps with the likeness of Adolf Hitler are correspondence run between Ksawery Rutczyński and his wife, sons, extended family and friends.
Economical, due to the imposed volume restrictions, in a condensed way depicts homesickness, lack of bread, but above all a misunderstanding of its place in a world ruled by the cruel machine of history.
spotty, scarlet fever, tuberculosis, leprosy, Saint Anthony's disease, English sweat and also - during the Great Wars - venereal diseases (especially syphilis, known since the Middle Ages).
The appearance of the epidemic caused changes every time: administrative (power over the city was taken over by the air mayor, special sanitary committees were established, special hygiene regulations were introduced), social (sick or suspected of illness were forced to go to the place of isolation
- to leperiosis, a warning system was introduced through the so-called lanterns of the dead and institutional (shelters for the poor and travelers, orphanages, hospitals) and urban (sanitary trenches constituting
protection against mighty air, infectious cemeteries).
There were many superstitions associated with outbreaks, which sometimes found their embodiment in original methods of treatment or peculiar rites.
To this day, in the architecture of Warsaw, you can find objects directly related to epidemics, e.g. the cholera cemetery on the Esplanade of Fort Śliwicki, the cemetery in Stare Bródno or thankful shrines for surviving the plague (among others at Wólczyńska Street).
Much information about the time of the plague can be found in the notes of Łukasz Wood, a pharmacist and a Warsaw mayor air, which created, among others place of retreat for those in debt in Kępa Pólkowska and also left a poem devoted to epidemics.