The Martensitic Transformation in Ferromagnetic shape memory alloys (FSMAs) can be triggered not ... more The Martensitic Transformation in Ferromagnetic shape memory alloys (FSMAs) can be triggered not only by changes in temperature and stress as that of paramagnetic conventional shape memory alloys, but also by changes in the applied magnetic field. It is well known that ferromagnetic shape memory alloy has diversified utilization, but not satisfactorily use, mainly because of high cost of processing and high cost of alloying elements. Among all Heusler alloy, Ni-Mn-Sn alloy have potential properties and exhibits lower cost. In this experiment Ni 50 Mn 45 Sn 5 alloys characterize by using differential scanning calorimetric (DSC), optical microscope and X-Ray diffraction technique. The alloy undergoes the martensitic transformation from L 2 1-type cubic structure into an orthorhombic structure.
Mechanical properties of ductile cast iron (DI) depend on its microstructure, which is influenced... more Mechanical properties of ductile cast iron (DI) depend on its microstructure, which is influenced by addition of alloying elements. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique with multilayer back propagation algorithm is used as a predictive tool for predicting UTS & 0.2%YS of ductile iron with respect to variation in wt% of alloying elements. Effect of Carbon Equivalent (%CE) and Mg wt% on UTS and 0.2%YS on 3MM & 12MM sections are studied. Comparison between predicted and experimental value shows good correlation with acceptable percentage of error.
Ever since its discovery in 1948, the application of ductile cast iron [also known as spheroidal ... more Ever since its discovery in 1948, the application of ductile cast iron [also known as spheroidal graphite iron (SGI)] has been increasing day by day. This is due to the fact that the material exhibits an excellent combination of tensile strength, ductility, toughness in addition to castability, machinability and damping characteristics. It has also got considerable amount of resistance to corrosion. For these reason extensive works are being carried out now-a-days to produce ductile irons with enhanced mechanical and physical properties. An investigation was performed to improve the mechanical property of thick-walled/heavy section ductile iron castings in as-cast condition alloying with nickel and copper. The property enhancement can be done by heat treatment procedures or by the addition of suitable alloying elements. In the present work, effect of two important alloying elements Copper (Cu) and Nickel (Ni) has been studied in thick section (≥20mm) ductile iron castings. For this ...
Austempering variables such as time and temperature have been taken in to consideration for the p... more Austempering variables such as time and temperature have been taken in to consideration for the present investigation with respect to tensile properties and characterization of graphite morphology. Two types of spheroidal graphite (SG) cast iron samples wi were austempered at four different temperatures. The austempering temperatures were 250 350 ̊C and 400 ̊C.The influence of austempering process on the mechanical properties of spheroidal graphite iron was in and the quenching technique adopted play an important role for the property development of spheroidal graphite iron. The tensile properties have been correlated with the graphi for both the grades of ADI. SEM micrographs have been taken from the fractured surface of the tensile specimens under different austempering conditions. It has been found from the result that ADI having the alloying element (Cu), achieved sig grade (M1) throughout the different austempering process adopted in this study.
In austempering, the microstructural end product of the spheroidal graphite (SG) iron matrix is e... more In austempering, the microstructural end product of the spheroidal graphite (SG) iron matrix is essentially bainite, a structure formed below the pearlite temperature range but above the martensite range. Ductile cast iron undergoes a remarkable transformation when subjected to the austempering process. Due to isothermal transformation, it produces a microstructure that is stronger and tougher than the structures resulting from conventional heat treatment process. In the present investigation, the SG iron was austempered with three different austempering temperatures (250 0 C,300 0 C and 350 0 C) with varying austempering time. The sample was taken for XRD analysis to study the morphology of the matrix. It was found that both the austenite (111) and ferrite (110) lines are identified nearly in all cases. The maximum intensity of the austenite (111) line is increasing with increasing temperature but ferrite (110) line is increasing with increasing austempering time and decreasing with austempering temoerature. Hence austempering calls for very precise control of process times and temperatures.
Mechanical properties of ductile cast iron (DI) depend on its microstructure, which is influenced... more Mechanical properties of ductile cast iron (DI) depend on its microstructure, which is influenced by addition of alloying elements. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique with multilayer back propagation algorithm is used as a predictive tool for predicting UTS & 0.2%YS of ductile iron with respect to variation in wt% of alloying elements. Effect of Carbon Equivalent (%CE) and Mg wt% on UTS and 0.2%YS on 3MM & 12MM sections are studied. Comparison between predicted and experimental value shows good correlation with acceptable percentage of error.
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