Papers by Siddharth Pannir
The work investigated the responses of measuring and calibrating temperature in the range of 30 t... more The work investigated the responses of measuring and calibrating temperature in the range of 30 to 60°C in a computer controlled tray drier using a setup of TH1. The setup was configured with an ice flask, sensor installing unit, an electrical console, and a regulating bath, which can withstand temperatures in the range of 0°C to 100°C. Various sensors such as industrial platinum resistance thermometer PT100IND, type K thermocouple, and a thermistor were installed. The setup was configured with highly accurate reference sensors of platinum resistance device PT100 with NAMAS calibration certificate and temperature with linearized output. Extra reference sensors have been installed such as bi-metallic and liquid-in-glass thermometers to ensure high accuracy in measuring and calibrating data. The experimental data revealed that the PT100IND resistance changed linearly with temperature. The calibration error of PT100IND and according to the temperature data of the drier unit reached a maximum value of less than 1.60%. According to the temperature scale of ITS-90, the standard parameters of calibration equation of Callendar-van Dusen for PT100IND provided errors of less than 5.5% and 3.2% respectively. The type K thermocouple delivered a linear change in output with highly stable temperature response. According to NIST data, the calibration error for the thermocouple reached a maximum value of less than 0.98%. The thermistor resistance revealed weak and late response at low temperature, but its sensitivity improved with increasing the temperature. The calibration error according to experimental data of drier unit and the Steinhart-Hart equation for the thermistor sensor was less than 0.30%.
This work presents the density of new environmentally friendly refrigerants 1,1-difluoroethane (R... more This work presents the density of new environmentally friendly refrigerants 1,1-difluoroethane (R152a) and 1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluorbutane (R365mfc) in their pure fluid form as well as a mixture. The density is covered in the temperature range of -10C to 45C and the pressure range of p=0.65-10.47 bar. The density is measured by a vibrating-tube densitometer (DMA-HPM) manufactured by Anton Paar. The apparatus supplies data in the temperature range of -10°C to 200 °C and a pressure range of 0 to 1400 bar, with an uncertainty of 0.1%. The experimental data is validated using the ‘Volume Translated Peng Robinson Equation of State’ and high precision fundamental equations of state by Outcalt and McLinden from the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST). Outcalt and McLinden model achieve deviations less than 0.56% for R365mfc and 0.51% for R152a. The deviations of VTPR are within 2.5% and 15% for the pure fluid and the mixture respectively. .
This paper analyses the dynamic effects of fiscal policy shocks on Economic activities in Nigeria... more This paper analyses the dynamic effects of fiscal policy shocks on Economic activities in Nigeria for the time period 1970-2009. Using the Structural Vector Auto regression (SVAR) approach and relying on institutional information about government revenue to identify the automatic responses of economic activity to infer fiscal shocks-government revenue and spending.The main findings of this paper is that positive government revenue shocks in Nigeria have an immediate positive effect on output, private consumption and investment, although the effect becomes insignificant in the period following the shock. While positive government expenditure has a negative effect on GDP, private consumption and a positive effect on private investment in the period of a shock. The result points to the fact that fiscal policy in the course of the last decades has become less effective in stimulating economic activities in Nigeria. Taking the above facts into account; the Study therefore concludes that ...
The work investigated the responses of measuring and calibrating temperature in the range of 30 t... more The work investigated the responses of measuring and calibrating temperature in the range of 30 to 60°C in a computer controlled tray drier using a setup of TH1. The setup was configured with an ice flask, sensor installing unit, an electrical console, and a regulating bath, which can withstand temperatures in the range of 0°C to 100°C. Various sensors such as industrial platinum resistance thermometer PT100IND, type K thermocouple, and a thermistor were installed. The setup was configured with highly accurate reference sensors of platinum resistance device PT100 with NAMAS calibration certificate and temperature with linearized output. Extra reference sensors have been installed such as bi-metallic and liquid-in-glass thermometers to ensure high accuracy in measuring and calibrating data. The experimental data revealed that the PT100IND resistance changed linearly with temperature. The calibration error of PT100IND and according to the temperature data of the drier unit reached a m...
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Papers by Siddharth Pannir