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In a country like India innovations are more referred as “jugaad”. Though the dictionary does not explain such kind of words, but every person in India understands the importance of jugaad. India has one of the largest systems for agricultural research in the world. However this system has focused predominantly on strengthening of cereal production under irrigated conditions. It would be essential that they participate in all decision making which cater to overall development of rural india. India also needs to increase its efforts to tap into the rapidly growing stock of global knowledge through channels such as FDI, technology licensing, importation of capital merchandise that embody knowledge, as well as advanced products, components, and services. This chapter analyses and focuses on various innovative practices done with the help of Government, Public Private Partnership, private Players, Individuals, NGOS, etc

Today Internet is not only a networking media, but also as a means of transaction for consumers at global market. Internet usage has grown rapidly over the past years and it has become common means for delivering and trading information, services and goods. Indian consumers as a whole spend about 55% of the total consumption expenditure on food items. According to a survey conducted by ORG, the expenditure on non-food items has recorded large growth that the expenditure on food items. Consumers decide whether, what, when, from whom, where and how much to buy. They can avail various mediums to buy the products. But currently we are living in the age of internet. This study bring about the details about the buying pattern of consumer in online store"

Purpose To estimate the RBC level of glutathione among oral squamous cell carcinoma cases and normal healthy individual. The study compares the pre and postoperative blood levels of glutathione in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and method In the present study a total of 45, age matched subjects were recruited. The 45 subjects were split into 15 subjects in control, 30 clinically and histopathologically diagnosed cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma who had not received any prior treatment. Results A statistically significant difference of mean value of glutathione levels in RBC of the control group was found to be higher than that of oral squamous cell carcinoma patient group. A noticeable rise in glutathione concentration in RBC of oral squamous cell carcinoma towards normal was seen postoperatively, however these variations were not statistically significant. Conclusion Pre and postoperatively a marked variation in levels of glutathione was observed. In addition, it was noticed that the levels tended to shift closer to control/normal values postoperatively. The value of glutathione as a prognostic marker could be ratified if the study was carried out on a larger scale over a sustained period of time.

Background: In India, biomass fuel is burned in many homes under inefficient conditions, leading to a complex milieu of particulate matter and environmental toxins known as household air pollution (HAP). Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable as they and their fetus may suffer from adverse consequences of HAP. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a noninvasive, underutilized tool that can serve as a surrogate for airway inflammation. We evaluated the prevalence of respiratory illness, using pulmonary questionnaires and FeNO measurements, among pregnant women in rural India who utilize biomass fuel as a source of energy within their home. Methods: We prospectively studied 60 pregnant women in their 1st and 2nd trimester residing in villages near Nagpur, Central India. We measured FeNO levels in parts per billion (ppb), St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ-C) scores, and the Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) Dyspnea Scale. We evaluated the difference in the out...

Background: Whether facility-based implementation of Helping Babies Breathe (HBB) reduces neonatal mortality at a population level in low and middle income countries (LMIC) has not been studied. Therefore, we evaluated HBB implementation in this context where our study team has ongoing prospective outcome data on all pregnancies regardless of place of delivery. Methods: We compared outcomes of birth cohorts in three sites in India and Kenya pre-post implementation of a facility-based intervention, using a prospective, population-based registry in 52 geographic clusters. Our hypothesis was that HBB implementation would result in a 20 % decrease in the perinatal mortality rate (PMR) among births ≥1500 g. Results: We enrolled 70,704 births during two 12-month study periods. Births within each site did not differ prepost intervention, except for an increased proportion of <2500 g newborns and deliveries by caesarean section in the post period. There were no significant differences in PMR among all registry births; however, a post-hoc analysis stratified by birthweight documented improvement in <2500 g mortality in Belgaum in both registry and in HBBtrained facility births. No improvement in <2500 g mortality measures was noted in Nagpur or Kenya and there was no improvement in normal birth weight survival. Conclusions: Rapid scale up of HBB training of facility birth attendants in three diverse sites in India and Kenya was not associated with consistent improvements in mortality among all neonates ≥1500 g; however, differential improvements in <2500 g survival in Belgaum suggest the need for careful implementation of HBB training with attention to the target population, data collection, and ongoing quality monitoring activities.

Changes in Information Technology (IT) allows schools to utilize database and application such as student information system (SIS) thus, making the accessing of records. One of the changes that came about is this system is a web application which provides answer to the query of student. Students just have to query through the bot which used for chatting. The proposed system is a web application to manage student’s details and keeping them updated about latest events in college. The application will be used by teachers, students and parents. The utilities provided by the applications arethe user can query any college related activities through the system. The user does not have to personally go to the college for enquiry. The system analyzes the question and then answers to user. The user just has to register himself to the system and has to login to the system . After login user can access to the various helping pages. This system helps the student to be updated about the college ac...

Due to the modern civilization the growth of industry has been increased as thus the usage of energy has been raised. So ,every industry needs to implement power factor correction to limit power wastage and to avoid penalty due to the same. Lower power factor means that higher current is flowing through it, Higher current results in greater voltage drop. There are many methods to solve this problem so the aim of our project is to correct the power factor of a single phase electricity by switching capacitor. The utility that delivers the power to you will likely charge you if your power factor is to low.GSM module is used to alert the user about the power factor of loads and give the error indication in the system.

This system presents a detail analysis of Bluetooth based industrial automation. This system is based on Arduino kit and Bluetooth module. Bluetooth which is used as data transmission is at its high rate. Automation in this field is mandatory to ensure the safety of the workers. This system also uses the android app for controlling operations of the elements. Due to android app distance is maintained from big machines, so there is no need to go closer and make the operations. Pneumatic cylinders will coordinate to the system as well as give the accuracy in operation of crushing. Inductive sensors carried out process of sorting of metal and non-metal efficiently. System is totally based on correct combination of conveyer, inductive proximity sensors and pneumatic cylinder. On conveyer there is an input of both metal as well as non-metal material. Then system will sort it with the help of sensors and sorted metal will be pushed out in the crusher box to crush it. Once metal can drop into box then it will be crushed and collected in the bean.

Aggregate savings in any economy, is dependent on a number of interdependent variables. For economic planning, the planners should have an idea regarding the volume of saving of different groups of people and the method by which saving can be improved. To frame appeals for saving there is the need to know about the saving motives. An understanding of the saving preferences will also help in designing saving instruments which effectively stimulate saving. As was observed by Mody (1983), "given the present weight of the household sector in total saving, to step up the saving in the economy would require a stepping up of the saving rate in the household sector. Thus, there is the need to carefully understand the determinants of both the household saving rate and the saving pattern".

Formulation of Problem Some MFIs such as Equitas, Ujjivan, Janalakshami and others have set up strong HR systems and practices over time; however other MFIs still need to invest in this area. Post the crisis, due to the RBI's guidelines for NBFC-MFIs to comply with (particularly the stipulated margin cap), MFIs are further constrained to reduce costs with obvious implications on costs of hiring, training and retaining human resources. Hence, a study on current human resource practices in MFIs in India, to document best practices that can enable replication, identify gaps, highlight challenges and provide recommendations on areas that need MFI as well as sector investment to bolster this agenda was thought of by the researcher. Thus whether the HR Management area is growing at the pace so that it can equip the growth rate of Microfinance Institutions comfortably is the basic research problem for the current research.

The cities and towns in India are expected to play a vital role in the country's socioeconomic transformation, as the engines of economic growth and the centre-points of innovation. Nagpur-Located at the centre of India, has successfully emerged as the hub of Real Estate. With Improved Infrastructure, Advanced Development, Rapid Industrialization and Positive Changes in the Real Estate Sector it is set on a High Growth Path. It is one of India's most promising locations on every property consultant's book! The residential supply in Nagpur has grown by almost 100% over the last few years. With a number of new projects mushrooming in various locations in the city, real estate development in Nagpur is on an upward curve. Demand for housing in Nagpur arises from employees working in the local industries, businessmen, IT/ITES and BPO professionals as well as those engaged in the insurance and banking sector. Introduction The residential demand in the city has been rising due to the improved infrastructure, good roads, and improved network of education and healthcare facilities. The city has also been voted the cleanest and greenest city for the past five years. The growth is clearly visible in the north west, north east and southern part of the city. The residential developments have initially been concentrated within the city limits. The upmarket zones of the city include areas like Dharampeth, Ramdaspeth, Gokulpeth, Ramnagar, ShivajiNagar, Byramjee town, Gandhinagar and Ravi Nagar. We observe that a majority of the new supply is concentrated in the southern zone near the upcoming Cargo Hub A number of IT majors are already considering Nagpur and have initiated steps to have their presence here. HCL Technologies in fact has already announced its decision to invest Rs. 500 crores in the setting up of a 170-acre campus in the 4000-acre MIHAN SEZ at Nagpur. This facility is expected to generate employment or about 10,000 people within five years. In terms of physical infrastructure, Chandigarh and Nagpur have equal ranks as both the cities enjoy good telecom, power, roads and air connectivity. These cities are closely followed by Jaipur, Goa and Visakapatinam. Amongst all the 15 cities, Jaipur ranks higher on power and telecom while Goa ranked relatively higher on road infrastructure. The lowest ranks were shared by Surat and Indore chiefly due to the constraint faced in terms of connectivity.