In response to the Charter Act of 1813, Thomas Macaulay, an English politician and member of the ... more In response to the Charter Act of 1813, Thomas Macaulay, an English politician and member of the Council of India, wrote his controversial Minute on Indian Education (1835) to declare English the best choice for the primary language for instruction in India for the Parliament. Macaulay's pedagogical propaganda, Minute ( ), is a mere miniature of a Western imperial system with a hidden agenda. In his minute, Macaulay rejects the Orientalists' arguments and considers Arabic and Sanskrit useless languages, often wasting funds. Accused with false knowledge and mediocre intellectual knowledge, according to Macaulay, Arabic and Sanskrit stand no chance against the intellectually supreme English language, the language of the ruling class, of commerce, and of wealthy knowledge in the sciences and morals. English becomes the only medium for Western
This research paper unravels the core concepts in intersectional feminism in opposition to mainst... more This research paper unravels the core concepts in intersectional feminism in opposition to mainstream white feminism. The first section dissects the idea of intersecting inequalities and explores homogenizing communities as a strategy to oppress the marginalized. The second section delves into western whitewashed feminism and its tight relation to imperialism and colonialism as the core basis of it. It also tackles the singularity of western human rights and its application in third world countries as another means to oppress. The third section interrogates how equality is achieved through equity in intersectional feminism and its interplay in power relations between privilege and marginalization. It also tackles the concept of inclusion and its concepts in inclusive activism. Last section discusses opposing opinions of intersectional feminism that accuses it of essentializing and separating; however, it also provides refutations to such opinions by exposing how feminism moves from the particular to the collective by intersecting systems of oppression not identities.
The purpose of this paper is to explain and criticize Fukuyama 's Immigration and Family Values (... more The purpose of this paper is to explain and criticize Fukuyama 's Immigration and Family Values (1993). This paper delves into Fukuyama's proponency of immigration with assimilation by framing the work at hand, summarizing key ideas, evaluating the aim and argument according to ethos, pathos, and logos, exploring the interdisciplinarity, and criticizing. The paper attempts to unravel the gaps in Fukuyama's argument and refuting his concept of democracy and secularism of America, and shed light on modern day struggles of immigrants. By tracing these gaps, in conclusion, the researcher finds that Fukuyama's liberal thoughts on immigration and democracy necessary but relative and idealistic at some points. Understanding these notions leads researchers to see immigration through a different scope and to appreciate the magnitude of addressing this issue.
This research paper argues that gender roles are worn-out social constructs proven to be ineffici... more This research paper argues that gender roles are worn-out social constructs proven to be inefficient in today's world. The first section exposes how unrealistic social expectations to fit into gender roles can create body image issues for women and mental health problems. The second section delves into the concepts of social conditioning, its close relation to gender roles, and their interplay in hierarchical power structures like patriarchy and capitalism in the light of hegemonic toxic masculinity and hindrance of women's financial independency. The third section interrogates how gender roles deny individuality and self-expression as in career choice, emotional expression, and even clothing. The fourth section elaborates on how gender roles contribute to the social and gender inequality today specifically through issues involving the wage-gap, healthcare services, and domestic violence. The fifth section presents the traditionalist view on gender roles; they are biological, they organize familial life, and they mold children's world view. The sixth section refutes the traditionalists' arguments by referring to the singularity of every family dynamic, children's need for self-exploration even through toys and fairytales, and the flexibility and fluidity of gender roles throughout history and cultural variations. Last section suggests practical and possible recommendations to fight gender roles encompassing career orientations, parenting, and equality programs directly influenced by parents, educational and governmental institutions, and policy makers. This paper brings to light an altered perspective on gender roles and their inefficiency in the needs and livelihood requirements of today's world; thus, highlighting the necessity for social reconstruction and decolonizing the minds from backward thinking, and encouraging individuals never to take things as they are, but to think critically on whatever seems natural.
The purpose of this paper is to explore the element of ambiguity in Harold Pinter's The Dumb Wait... more The purpose of this paper is to explore the element of ambiguity in Harold Pinter's The Dumb Waiter, one of the most groundbreaking literary works in the Theatre of the Absurd. Through the analysis of Pinter's mechanics and the character's thoughts and actions, this paper explores how the element of mystery moves past the absurd to reflect reality. The paper attempts to unravel the significance and role of mystery through the plot structure, Pinter's silences, characterization, and the fantastic elements. By tracing recurrent ambiguities, the paper will demonstrate that mystery is an intriguing tool to stimulate questions on the human condition. Understanding the employment of this technique in The Dumb waiter will lead the reader to see the play in a new light and appreciate the multidimensionality of the Theatre of the Absurd.
The purpose of this paper is to explore Ezra Pound's main concepts and practices of his theory of... more The purpose of this paper is to explore Ezra Pound's main concepts and practices of his theory of translation, one of the most groundbreaking theories of translation in the 20 th century. By discussing the conceptual and practical framework of the theory, this paper delved into Pound's perspective on translation as an innovative endeavor. The paper attempted to unravel the role of the translator as a creator and preserver of the classical and the translation as a possible interpretation of the source text. By tracing both the ingenuity and errors in Pound's translations, the paper demonstrated the methodology of Pound, the criticism and its current influential traces in translation. Understanding these notions leads researchers to see Pound's translation through a different scope and to appreciate the magnitude of his controversial ideas.
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