Education

Overweight and obese populations in Asia are high and increasing rapidly. Physical activity prevalence studies have found low physical activity rates among Asian school-age children and adolescents. The purpose of this review is to establish a baseline for physical activity rates in Asian school-age children and adolescents and serve as a platform for additional research. Thirty articles published between 2000 and 2011 on physical activity prevalence of school-age children and adolescents were included in the review. Fourteen studies were conducted in East Asia, 10 in Southeast Asia, 2 in South Asia, and 2 in West Asia. Studies used subjective methods (questionnaires or diaries) and objective methods (accelerometers or heart rate monitors). Although nearly all studies found low physical activity levels, it was not possible to provide an accurate picture due to an absence of standardized, reliable, and economically viable measurement tools.

Some features of Chinese culture are noted in the way colors are used, as with the varieties of the color red. Bright red is certain not to be used when writing a person's name for that can prophesy the death of that person. It is not very likely that instructors would use red ink for correcting student work. However, a deeper, warmer red, a burgundy color, denotes good luck and is seen throughout the area in Beijing known as the "Forbidden City". Chinese also are comfortable with personal space that is about one to two feet away from one another when speaking although this distance increases when speaking with strangers. They do prefer direct eye contact rather than indirect. Touching one's arm or patting someone on the back is generally reserved for family members, close friends, or boyfriend/girlfriend relationships. Women who are friends commonly hold hands or link arms while walking (Culture Crossing, 2009).

Background: Mobile technology to promote exercise is effective; however, most evidence is from studies of younger groups in high-income countries. Investigating if short message service (SMS) texting can affect exercise participation in older adults from an upper-middle-income country is important considering the proliferation of mobile phones in developing regions and the increased interest of older adults in using mobile phones.

Feature extraction from images, which are typical of high dimensionality, is crucial to the recognition performance. To explore the discriminative information while depressing the intra-class variations due to variable illumination and view conditions, we propose a factor analysis framework for separate "content" from "style", identifying a familiar face seen under unfamiliar viewing conditions, classifying familiar poses presented in an unfamiliar face, estimating age across unfamiliar faces. The framework applies efficient algorithms derived from objective factor separating functions and space mapping functions, which can produce sufficiently expressive representations of feature extraction and dimensionality reduction. We report promising results on three different tasks in the high-dimensional image perceptual domains: face identification with two benchmark face databases, facial pose classification with a benchmark facial pose database, extrapolation of age to unseen facial image. Experimental results show that our approach produced higher classification performance when compared to classical LDA, WLDA, LPP, MFA and DLA algorithms.

Hepatocyte polarization is essential for biliary secretion, loss of polarity causes bile secretory failure and liver injury. W e show that Alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced liver injury was accompanied by the interruption of bile acid homeostasis in rat plasma, liver and bile in the process of cholestasis, which was characterized by the 2

Rapid global development has advanced China's tourism industry, but uncovered a critical lack of effective tourism related English translation capabilities. Current systematic theoretical translation guidance is in abeyance and encloses domestic tourism translation within a slow growth stage. In this paper, the author situates a strategy of using the functionalist Skopos application with an analysis of cross-cultural tourism translation methods, for mediating translation variation and stimulating further growth of tourism-specific English translation capabilities. The paper is concluded with a discussion of the primary problems that need to be avoided in crosscultural tourism translation.

本文基于DisProt数据库，其将固有无序蛋白按照分子 功能分为分子伴侣、分子组装、分子识别抗氧剂、熵链、位点修饰、分 子识别效应器6大类，我们选取每一类功能下每条有序区与无序区结 合位点左右两侧5个氨基酸残基作为研究对象；然后利用Matlab7.2软 件分别统计6类分子功能中有序与无序区结合位点处20种氨基酸以及 亲疏水特性的差异。结果表明：不同分子功能的固有无序蛋白在有 序与无序结合点处的氨基酸含量及亲疏水特性都存在着差异。 固有 无序蛋白有序区氨基酸(F、L)含量较高并且强疏水性氨基酸(L、 I、V、A、M、F)含量也较高；而无序区氨基酸(D、G、K)含量较高 且强亲水性氨基酸(R、D、E、N、Q、K、H)含量较高。本文的研究挖 掘出了固有无序蛋白不同分子功能中有序区与无序区结合位点处的 序列特征，有利于固有无序蛋白预测软件的开发和改进。

This paper probes into the possible reasons of the acceptance of "long time no see" as a Standard English phrase by tracing its origin and comparing it with other Chinese English phrases. The analysis reveals several favorable factors for foreign-derived expressions to step into a target language system-inherent linguistic novelty and external social landscape of the target country which calls for the import of exotic phrases. The two-fold discovery gives us an insight into the debate about "domestication" and "foreignization", and also emphasizes the impact of social and historical factors on the reception of translation.

Feature extraction from images, which are typical of high dimensionality, is crucial to the recognition performance. To explore the discriminative information while depressing the intra-class variations due to variable illumination and view conditions, we propose a factor analysis framework for separate "content" from "style", identifying a familiar face seen under unfamiliar viewing conditions, classifying familiar poses presented in an unfamiliar face, estimating age across unfamiliar faces. The framework applies efficient algorithms derived from objective factor separating functions and space mapping functions, which can produce sufficiently expressive representations of feature extraction and dimensionality reduction. We report promising results on three different tasks in the high-dimensional image perceptual domains: face identification with two benchmark face databases, facial pose classification with a benchmark facial pose database, extrapolation of age to unseen facial image. Experimental results show that our approach produced higher classification performance when compared to classical LDA, WLDA, LPP, MFA and DLA algorithms.

Overweight and obese populations in Asia are high and increasing rapidly. Physical activity prevalence studies have found low physical activity rates among Asian school-age children and adolescents. The purpose of this review is to establish a baseline for physical activity rates in Asian school-age children and adolescents and serve as a platform for additional research. Thirty papers published between 2000 and 2011 on physical activity prevalence of school-age children and adolescents were included in the review. Fourteen studies were conducted in East Asia, 10 in South East Asia, 2 in South Asia and 2 in West Asia. Studies used subjective methods (questionnaires or diaries) and objective methods (accelerometers or heart rate monitors). Although nearly all studies found low physical activity levels, it was not possible to provide an accurate picture due to an absence of standardized, reliable, and economically viable measurement tools.

Breaking the "At Risk" Code: Deconstructing the Myth and the Label by Kara C. Allen The term "at risk" is a label that is used to describe students who encompass a host of prominent socially and politically constructed titles that are intended to simplify student understanding and awareness and allow for clear reporting. The purpose of this study was to demythologize the concept of "at risk" by creating the conditions for student voice and critical dialogue to emerge, through the use of narrative inquiry. This research hoped to provide an outlet for young people to find and use their own voices, while finding their own place within their lived histories. The research also aimed to raise awareness of the reality of the contemporary U.S. educational system: we often create policies and programs without considering the perspectives of the young people whom these services are designed to serve. Through critical narrative inquiry, six former student's engaged in unstructured interviews and a focus group. Through analysis of the data set, five themes emerged and include 1) relationships with bicultural adults who understand, 2) instrumentalizing pedagogy, 3) the impact of money-driven policy, 4) the awareness of limitations of opportunities, and 5) the overall theme of the transparency of hegemony. This research hoped to problematize the label in an effort to move toward an emancipatory x understanding of how we speak about young people and make sense of the circumstances these young people must navigate through their education and their world. two or three times per year, but she has an uncanny ability to raise my critical awareness, despite distance and time. The following dialogue between us reveals one such lesson. Kemi was not rude, condescending or angry. She was simply very clear. Kemi: "…so, that's what you really call us." Me: "What do you mean, Sheena?" Kemi: "It says here, 'Kara has dedicated her life to supporting at-risk youth.'" For apart from inquiry, apart from the praxis, individuals cannot be truly human. Knowledge emerges only through invention and re-invention, through the restless, impatient, continuing, hopeful inquiry human beings pursue in the world, with the world, and with each other. (Freire, 2010, p.34)

An exploratory analysis is conducted across 3 years on school exclusionary disciplinary practices from all 56 high schools in one district. Using geographical information systems mapping and other statistical analysis, this study analyzes how socioeconomic status, racial composition, and geographical region relate to a school's usage of exclusionary discipline. Results show that opportunity transfer, suspension, and expulsion rates vary within the district with the lowest exclusionary practices in high income areas and highest in low income areas. Findings suggest that suspensions are correlated with opportunity transfers and expulsions. However, there is no linear relation between opportunity transfers and expulsions. Poverty, student race/ethnic composition at school site, and school year are found to be predictors of exclusionary practices. Implications for future research are considered.

This study seeks to understand the effects of service learning on both young children and college students. Subsequently, quantitative and qualitative methods are employed to gain insight into how service learning coupled with a photovoice methodology can provide an empowering peda-gogical practice for participants. Through the use of a Qualtrics survey and photovoice methods, this study examines the effects of service learning sampling 25 preschool age children and 39 undergraduate college students. Findings of this study provide an understanding and a platform for young children and college students to share their thoughts on service learning. Through reflection and dialogue from the participants, we begin to understand how alternative methods to education move beyond the realm of the classroom and collectively into the hands of the teacher, young children, and college students.

Replication efforts in psychological science sometimes fail to replicate prior findings. If replications use methods that are unfaithful to the original study or ineffective in eliciting the phenomenon of interest, then a failure to replicate may be a failure of the replication protocol rather than a challenge to the original finding. Formal pre-data collection peer review by experts may address shortcomings and increase replicability rates. We selected 10 replications from the Reproducibility Project: Psychology (RP:P; Open Science Collaboration, 2015) in which the original authors had expressed concerns about the replication designs before data collection and only one of which was “statistically significant” (p < .05). Commenters on RP:P suggested that lack of adherence to expert review and low-powered tests were the reasons that most of these failed to replicate (Gilbert et al., 2016). We revised the replication protocols and received formal peer review prior to conducting new...

The impact of investing in early childhood development is paramount for the development of any country (Heckman, 2000). It is imperative that institutions that are home to young children outside of parental care, arguably the most at risk population in early childhood, be part of any national plan for early childhood development. Defining the numbers of children who are orphaned or without permanent parents is a worldwide challenge because of the lack of a consistent definition of the status of these children, lack of documentation on these children and lack of resources to monitor these children and the care they receive. Approximately 88% of children labeled as “orphans” by international agencies have been found to have one living parent (Sherr, Varrall, Mueller, Richter, Wakhweya, Adato, & Desmond, 2008), but regardless these children are part of the child protection system.

This study seeks to understand the effects of service learning on both young children and college students. Subsequently, quantitative and qualitative methods are employed to gain insight into how service learning coupled with a photovoice methodology can provide an empowering pedagogical practice for participants. Through the use of a Qualtrics survey and photovoice methods, this study examines the effects of service learning sampling 25 preschool age children and 39 undergraduate college students. Findings of this study provide an understanding and a platform for young children and college students to share their thoughts on service learning. Through reflection and dialogue from the participants, we begin to understand how alternative methods to education move beyond the realm of the classroom and collectively into the hands of the teacher, young children, and college students.