Papers by Stefan Anderberg
Environmental Problems: Nature, Economy and the State
Geografiska Annaler Series B-human Geography, 1990
Achieving the EU Recycling Target: The Significance of Plastic Packaging in Swedish Residual Household Waste
One of the objectives of IIASA's study, Chemical Pollution and Its Sources in Dutch Estuaries and... more One of the objectives of IIASA's study, Chemical Pollution and Its Sources in Dutch Estuaries and Coastal Regions, is to characterize the emissions of six environmentally harmful pollutants in the Basins of the Rhine, Meuse, and Scheldt Rivers for the period from 1970 to the present. One of the major parts of this task is to estimate the levels of aqueous emissions from industrial point sources in the basins in previous decades. Information on this topic is surprisingly sparse, and the references which are available are not organized in a coherent way that allows one to trace readily the historical trends in aqueous emissions. In fact it should be noted as a general statement that studies of "environmental histories" are rare in the environmental literature. The task is daunting because information is required on historical levels of industrial production, emission factors per unit of production and how these factors have changed over time, and the locations of the industrial point sources. This paper, by reviewing the relevant literature and synthesizing data on economics, technologies, trade, and environmental monitoring, provides an analysis of the aqueous emissions of cadmium from industrial point sources in the Rhine Basin from 1970-1990. The paper not only provides valuable input to the Dutch Estuaries study, but also demonstrates a methodology by which "environmental histories" may be reconstructed and utilized in assessing long-term environmental trends.
Any power production technology should be able to demonstrate that it's able to comply with curre... more Any power production technology should be able to demonstrate that it's able to comply with current and future environmental regulation and that it demonstrates a considerable surplus in the energy balance being a part of the entire power system. This means that the energy used throughout all the lifecycle stages; from provision of materials over manufacturing of components and assembly, to deployment and use and eventually the disposal stage, is considerably less than the energy produced by the device during its use/production stage. With this paper, Wave Dragon is the first wave energy developer to publish figures of the energy balance of its technology 1. An LCA conducted at the Technical University of Denmark demonstrates that the energy consumed during Wave Dragons life cycle may be returned 20 times throughout its anticipated lifetime of 50 years, according to the EDIP LCA method. But if Wave Dragons power production is compared to production of electricity using fossil fuel the energy can be returned 50 times.
Green sustainable Öresund region - or eco-branding Copenhagen and Malmö?
A positive image of a city or region attracts people, investors and enterprises. High-quality env... more A positive image of a city or region attracts people, investors and enterprises. High-quality environment and local sustainability initiatives can be used for creating a positive image. A growing number of regions and cities around the world have in recent years attempted to exploit this opportunity through sustainable development strategies and innovative environmental initiatives combined with green image marketing. The Oresund region in Southern Scandinavia is an example of such a region that has gone to great effort to brand itself as green and sustainable. One of the central visions for the region when the Oresund cooperation was launched in 1994--after the decision to build a bridge across the Sound (Oresund) connecting Denmark and Sweden--was to become “one of the cleanest big city regions in Europe”. This goal was representative of the new environmental policy agenda that had emerged in the early 1990s. Environmental efforts came to be considered important not only for the sake of health, quality of life, and sustainability, but also for stimulating growth and enhancing attractiveness of the region. Stimulating environmentally sustainable development signals that this is an advanced region and encourages environmental innovations and export of related products and services. Particularly the major cities Copenhagen and Malmo have developed sustainability profiles and eco-branding strategies. They are often mentioned, particularly in European contexts, as eco-city forerunners and achieve high rankings in international comparisons. In this chapter we discuss the recent development of the region--the decades prior to and the decade since the rise of eco-branding in the region--and analyze the relation between environmental quality in the region and policy programs to undergird the image of Oresund, Copenhagen and Malmo as green environmental forerunners of urban sustainability. Have the latter had marked impact on the environment? Or has eco-branding primarily capitalized on previous environmental improvement--much of which was exogenously driven? Is this a place where sustainable living is in the becoming? Our aim is not to provide exhaustive answers to these questions, but more modestly to present an analysis supporting the relevance of these questions while indicating conclusions which more thorough analyses may reach. (Less)
This paper examines two failed land acquisition processes for food and biofuels production in Afr... more This paper examines two failed land acquisition processes for food and biofuels production in Africa with the aim to establishing more equitable governance strategies. More specifically it explores the roles of certification schemes and codes-of-conduct can play in these processes. The two cases used are the South Korean Daewoo Logistics case in Madagascar and the Swedish SEKAB in Tanzania. The methods used were a literature survey and a case structuring using a multi-level (governance) framework. Analyses reveal that governance disconnects occurred between the regional and village levels with the Daewoo-Madagascar case driven largely by a lack of transparency in the negotiation process. The SEKAB-Tanzania case failed largely due to discrepancies revealed by an interest organization and the inability of traditional governance systems to manage the scale of the project. Lastly the paper presents a framework consisting of four areas where certification schemes and codesof-conduct can be used in order to provide a governance system in order to increase access and allocation aspects.
Hamnarna rustas för fartygens avloppsvatten
Nar avloppsvatten fran sjofarten slapps ut i havet paverkar det miljon negativt genom att bakteri... more Nar avloppsvatten fran sjofarten slapps ut i havet paverkar det miljon negativt genom att bakterier sprids och naringsamnen kommer ut i havet. Utslappen ar koncentrerade till farleder och hamnar oc ...
This study identifies plausible scenarios for land use changes for a project area (fig. 1) locate... more This study identifies plausible scenarios for land use changes for a project area (fig. 1) located at the coexistent borders of Poland, the Czech Republic and East Germany. The time frame is 1992 to 2050 with an intermediate step in 2020. The basis for the scenarios is an analysis of the driving forces for land use change in the context of the study area. The main emphasis here is on the EU's Common Agricultural Policy and trends in agriculture and forestry in the three countries of the project area. In addition former land use change, spread of urban areas, the state of mining areas, recreation and nature conservation and policies related to land use planning are of importance and therefore analyzed for each country. The direction of land use change between 1960 and present was a decrease in agricultural land and an increase in forest and 'other' area, which mainly consists of urban area and area for infrastructure. Recent changes in the Common Agricultural Policy aim at reducing overproduction an cut spending in general. The prevailing tendency is to liberalize the agricultural sector to shift from product tied payments to direct payments to farmers for social, environmental or cultural duties. Since the political changes in 1989 the three countries of the project area have undergone significant economic and structural changes. East Germany as part of Unified Germany and part of the EU has experienced the most drastic restructuring of the agricultural sector with the main feature of major job losses and production decreases, especially in the livestock sector. Similar developments, though not as radical, can be observed in Poland and the Czech Republic. The first Scenario, "Large Scale Increase of Wooded Area" anticipates the introduction of a free market economy to the agricultural sector. No more subsidies are required for agriculture. Large areas of marginal farmland have to be taken out of production. The price of land decreases. Farmers will either afforest their farmland or sell it to non-agricultural uses like urban development, recreation or nature conservation are options for farmers. A quantification for the project area foresees by 2050 a decrease of agricultural land to half of its size in 1992, a doubling of forest and an increase of 'other' area by 80%. Scenario 2, "Alternative Agricultural Products", assumes a shift from food production to nonfood products, mainly biofuel and incentives for an extensification of agricultural production. Subsidies, that are still required for the agricultural sector, will be kept. The overall policy aims at keeping the land open, avoiding uncontrolled spreading of urban development and providing prospect for development and employment in rural areas. The main characteristic of Scenario 3, "Europe as Food Exporter", is an increase in the demand for agricultural products, which by approximately 2010 triggers a increase in the world market price for food products. Reasons for this are population and wealth increase, especially in China an south east Asia, combined with environmental constraints like water or fertile land scarcity and erosion. As a result agricultural production in Europe becomes prosperous in the frame of a free market environment. No further subsidies are required for the sector. Until 2010 the development is similar to Scenario 2. Scenario 2 and 3 show only modest changes in land use patterns, but the agricultural production structure differs. Scenario 2 focuses on a mixture of food and non-food products, while in Scenario 3 all available farmland is used for food production after 2010. Policies (Incentives for afforestation, nature protection,. .. ...) 5. Environmental conditions Climate, topography, soil characteristics Environmental pollution (acidification or other pollution load) 6. Social context Demographic factors (population density, migration, ...) Markets for agricultural and forestry products Tradition of land use Attitudes and values (towards the landscape, cultural heritage and nature conservation) 7. Policies related to land use planning Development plans Legal frameworks (land use planning, land use policy)
Local potential production, use and conditions for implementation of biogas solutions in Norrköping, Sweden
Nordic Biogas Conference, 2019
Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, 2022
Multi-utility tunnel (MUT) have received increasing attention as an alternative method for instal... more Multi-utility tunnel (MUT) have received increasing attention as an alternative method for installing subsurface infrastructure for the distribution of electricity, telecommunications, water, sewage and district heating. MUTs are described as a potentially more sustainable technology than conventional open-cut excavation (OCE), especially if the entire life cycle of these cable and pipe networks is taken into account. Based on an extensive review of the academic literature, this article aims to identify and critically examine claims made about the pros and cons of using MUT for the placement of subsurface infrastructure. Identified claims are mapped, and their validity and applicability assessed. These claims are then analyzed from a sustainability perspective, based on the three sustainability dimensions and a life cycle perspective. The results show that a variety of advantages and disadvantages of using MUTs for subsurface infrastructure are highlighted by the articles, but sever...
Biogas in the transport sector - a regional actor and policy analysis focusing on the demand side
Biogas in the transport sector - a regional actor and policy analysis focusing on the demand side
Great expectations—future scenarios for production and use of biogas and digestate in Sweden
Biofuels, Sep 9, 2022
Biogas policies and production development in Europe: a comparative analysis of eight countries
Biofuels
Globaliseringen og det økologisk fodaftryk
Anmeldelser/Reviews (in Danish)
Urban mining: on the potential and multifaceted challenges of facilitating recycling of wire-based city infrastructure
Kommunperspektiv på uppströmsarbete i Sverige i dag och i framtiden
Svenskt Vatten AB, 2018
Uppströmsarbete inom vattensektorn är viktigt för att minska miljöföroreningar i samhället och f... more Uppströmsarbete inom vattensektorn är viktigt för att minska miljöföroreningar i samhället och förhindra att föroreningar hamnar i kretsloppet av vatten och näringsämnen. Rapporten är ett första försök att beskriva uppströmsarbetet i svenska VA-organisationer och hur det kan komma att se ut i framtiden. För att utveckla uppströmsarbetet behöver kommunerna mer vägledning och plattformar för erfarenhetsutbyte. I kommunerna pågår det uppströmsarbete för olika sorters vatten: spillvatten, dagvatten och råvatten till dricksvattenproduktion. Projektet har undersökt hur kommunerna arbetar med alla tre vattentyperna. De tre hänger också ihop eftersom dagvatten och vatten från reningsverk kan rinna ut i recipienter som även fungerar som råvattentäkter. Vanligast är uppströmsarbete för spillvatten, dels för att skydda reningsprocessen och recipienten, dels för att höja slammets kvalitet. Uppströmsarbete startade redan på 1960-talet med kontroll av industriavlopp, men begreppet lanserades först på 1990-talet. I Svenskt Vattens Revaq-certifiering av slam är uppströmsarbete en viktig del. Uppströmsarbete för dagvatten är svårare att genomföra än för spill- och råvatten eftersom det saknas gränsvärden och riktlinjer. Projektet identifierade först genom en litteraturgenomgång de verktyg som kan användas i uppströmsarbete. En enkätundersökning genomfördes sedan med 44 VA-organisationer, och tolv av dem valdes ut för intervjuer. Totalt medverkade 87 kommuner. Organisationerna fick berätta om sina behov och bidra med goda exempel. Majoriteten av dem som svarade på enkäten har någon form av uppströmsarbete. Arbetet fungerar för det mesta bra och anses vara viktigt. De flesta av organisationerna har mindre än en heltidstjänst för uppströmsarbete. Flera upplever att man skulle kunna göra mer, men att det kan vara svårt att avsätta tid och pengar när det inte är klarlagt vad arbetet innebär eller går att visa mätbart positiva effekter. Samarbetet med tillsynsmyndigheterna är viktigt, men ser olika ut i olika kommuner. Här behövs det mer kunskap när det gäller hur ett samarbete kan och bör se ut. Enkäten och intervjuerna visar att det finns behov av vägledning, framför allt när det gäller dagvatten och hantering av fett i avloppssystemet, men även för uppströmsarbetet i stort. Det behövs också möjligheter till erfarenhetsutbyte, till exempel ett nationellt nätverk och en konferens eller ett seminarium med fokus på uppströmsarbete. Huvudförfattare till rapporten är Emma Fältström, doktorand på Linköpings universitet och Sweden Water Research.Upstream work is an important measure to reduce environmental pollution in society and prevent pollution that has already been introduced to society from entering the water- or nutrient cycle. Although upstream work started in the 1960’s there is still little documentation on its practice. We have investigated how the upstream work is carried out in Swedish water and wastewater organisations, and potential future directions, for wastewater, raw water and stormwater. The intention was also to provide municipalities with the opportunity to express needs and contribute with success stories from their own work. The report is to be seen as a qualitative investigation rather than a broad survey of the upstream work. The project was financed by Svenskt Vatten Utveckling and Sweden Water Research. The main author is Emma Fältström, PhD-candidate at Sweden Water Research and Linköping University. A literature review identified tools that are used or have the potential to be used in upstream work. After, a survey was conducted with 44 water and wastewater organisations. Based on the survey, 12 organisations were selected for interviews. The majority of respondents had some kind of existing upstream work today. The upstream work seem to work mostly well and the majority of respondents saw upstream work as an important part of the water and wastewater sector’s responsibilities. However, several municipalities feel a need to do more and most survey respondents have less than one full-time employment dedicated to upstream work. Several municipalities also state that upstream work needs higher priority. It was, however, experienced as difficult to allocate time and money when it is not clear what the work entails, and when the measurable positive effects are not always obvious. How the work is practically executed in the municipalities differs. Therefore, there is no consensus about the needs for future development of upstream work. As the work largely differs, a national coordinating function could facilitate exchange of experiences between municipalities. A conference or seminar focusing on upstream work could also contribute to the exchange of knowledge. Specific guidance on grease, general guidance for stormwater, as well as overarching guidance for upstream work in general was put forward as important issues by several municipalities. Amount and quality of the cooperation with e.g. the…
Industrial metabolism project
Stimulating biogas in the transport sector - an actor and policy analysis with supply side focus
Stimulating biogas in the transport sector - an actor and policy analysis with supply side focus.
Billigare avfallshantering i hamnarna har inte gett förväntad effekt
Hamnarna kan spela en viktig roll for att minska sjofartensutslapp i havet. Reglerna for fartygen... more Hamnarna kan spela en viktig roll for att minska sjofartensutslapp i havet. Reglerna for fartygens avfallsdumpning harskarpts och i Ostersjoomradet har det lange funnits en overenskommelseom att fa ...
Uploads
Papers by Stefan Anderberg