Papers by Julius A Basake

This study investigated the Effects of Collaborative Instructional Strategy on Students' Achievem... more This study investigated the Effects of Collaborative Instructional Strategy on Students' Achievement on Written Essay in Ogoja Educational zone The general purpose of the study was to determine the effects of collaborative instructional strategy on the achievement of students in written essay. The population of the study included all the senior secondary school two (SS 2) students in Ogoja Educational zone in Cross River State. There are (98) public secondary schools in Ogoja Educational zone with total number of six thousand, seven hundred and ninety-seven (6,797) senior secondary two (SS 2) students. The sample of the study comprised 330 SS II students in six coeducational secondary schools in Ogoja Educational zone of Cross River State, Nigeria. The study was a quasi-experimental study of pretest, posttest non-equivalent control group design. The collaborative strategy was assigned the experimental group while the lecture method was assigned to the control group. The English Essay writing Achievement Test (EEAT) was used for data collection. Three research questions and three hypotheses were used for the study. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer research questions while analysis of covariance ANCOVA was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Results showed that students in collaborative strategy group performed better than those in lecture method group. The female students performed slightly better than the male students. However, male and female students in the collaborative group performed better than male and female students in the lecture method. Test of significance shows that there is a significant difference in the mean achievement of students taught using collaborative strategy and those taught with lecture method. There was no significant difference in the mean achievement of male and female students when taught with collaborative strategy. Based on the results and educational implications, recommendations were made which in included: the collaborative instructional strategy should be adopted by teachers in secondary schools since it is more facilitating and yields better results for students.

The study investigated the relationship between aggression and violence and secondary school adol... more The study investigated the relationship between aggression and violence and secondary school adolescents' social competence. The research design for this study was a correlational survey research design. The study was carried out in Ogoja education zone of Cross River-State, Nigeria. The population of the study comprised of all the SS2 respondents. The sample for this study was 240 SS2 students. Three instruments used for the study were aggression Rating Scale (ARS), Violence Rating Scale (VRS) and Social Competence Rating scale (SCRS). The instruments were face validated by three experts. The research questions were answered using Pearson product moment correlation Analysis while regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The results of the study among others showed that there was a significant relationship between aggression and adolescents' social competence. This implies that aggression plays a vital role in predicting adolescents' social competence. It was also found that there was a significant relationship between violence and adolescents' social competence. This implies that violence is a significant predictor of adolescents' social competence. The results of the study also showed that the adolescents' social competence is statistically predicted by aggression and violence. The implications of the above findings were examined and it was recommended among other things that tteaching of skills-based health education can impact vital aggression and violence prevention skills such as conflict resolution skills, and social skills to students.

The study examined the sources of stress among nursing students in the SouthEast Nigeria. Two res... more The study examined the sources of stress among nursing students in the SouthEast Nigeria. Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a descriptive, cross-sectional survey design. From a population of 1,855 respondents, 300 respondents were drawn using simple random sampling technique. Using a standardised questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Scale Questionnaire (PSSQ) was adopted. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while ttest statistic was used to analyze the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of probability. Results of the study indicated that year of study has significant influence on nursing students' sources of stress while gender does not have significant influence on sources of stress. Findings of the study imply that stress has far reaching influence on nursing education and the general public with respect to shortage of manpower and inefficient delivery of health care services due, especially at primary and secondary health systems in SouthEast Nigeria. Recommendations were made which include provide students with effective coping strategies to deal with the inevitable sources of stress present during nurse education and training.

This study focuses Delegatory Functions of Public Secondary institution Principals in Ogoja educa... more This study focuses Delegatory Functions of Public Secondary institution Principals in Ogoja educational zone ofCross River State. In other to achieve the purpose of the study, two corresponding specific purposes guided the conduct of this study.Two each research questions and hypotheses were postulated based on the purpose of the study that guided the investigator. The design of this study was the descriptive survey research design designed at obtaining information from the respondents. The inhabitants of the study comprised 1809 teachers in the secondary schools in Ogoja educational zone. The instrument used for data collection was structured questionnaire and data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer research question while t-test was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that to high extend do principals delegate supervisory functions to teachers in public secondary schools in Ogoja educational zone, to high extend do principal delegate disciplinary functions to teachers in public secondary schools in Ogoja educational zone, Based on the findings the following recommendation were made: principals should always delegate supervisory functions to staff for effective running and enhancing the administrative system of the school, secondary school principals should avoid discrimination on the issue of delegating of disciplinary functions in the school and administrative functions should be delegated based on staff competence and capability.

The paper investigates parents' awareness of child right act in Obanliku LGA and its implication ... more The paper investigates parents' awareness of child right act in Obanliku LGA and its implication for changing community. Two research questions and two null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. Purposive sampling methods were adopted selecting five hundred respondents as sample size for the study. The instrument was a questionnaire titled "Parent Awareness of Child Right Act Questionnaire" (PACRQ) for use for data collection. A reliability estimate of 0.82 was obtained using Crombach alpha. Percentage and frequency table were used in answering the research questions why Chi-square (X 2) and t-test for testing the hypothesis at 0.5 level of significant the findings reviewed that many of the parents are not aware of the child's right act and that parents who are educated moderately are aware of the child right act but do not see it as realistic. Summary and conclusion were drawn in line with the findings, it was recommended that proper enlightenment campaign by relevant government agencies be carried out and that the law enforcement agencies should see to the persecution of offenders as deterrent to others.
Every country invests in formal education to develop and empower its citizens with the capacity n... more Every country invests in formal education to develop and empower its citizens with the capacity needed to practically work and transform their surrounding environmental resources into productive employment after graduation. The high and growing rate of graduate unemployment in Uganda suggests however, that most of the formal education graduates are not practical enough to turn their local environmental resources into gainful work and effective contribution to national development. It is argued in this paper that the failure of most graduates to be practical would not have occurred had the management of Uganda's formal education made effective use of the activity-based informal training when preparing students.

All parents want what is best for their children but not every knows how to help children avoid t... more All parents want what is best for their children but not every knows how to help children avoid the biggest issues in special children's behavior problems. Ignorance on the knowledge of handling special need children's needs can affect these children for the rest of their lives. Teaching children with special needs present teachers with some distinctive challenges. Children with special needs are no longer isolated in special education classrooms. Kids with special needs strive in the presence of their pairs. There are so many lessons that children with special needs can form from other kids and so many friendships to be formed. Children with disorder and other learning disabilities perform better if a classroom is setup to accommodate their special needs. Teacher's class target is to be creative and also innovative when classroom activities are involved. Managing an inclusive classroom is easier if some personalized teaching strategies for the special needs pupils are carried out. They require exiting activities and revitalizing projects that offer a resourceful curriculum within the structure of the accepted classroom programme. Teachers in a special need classroom need to modify lessons to meet the needs of every pupil in the classroom based on their abilities and carrying capacities.

Speech development is important children's development. a crucial tool to learning for communicat... more Speech development is important children's development. a crucial tool to learning for communication and building relationship with others as well as enhancing language attainment in children which is top priority. It is not only the sole responsibility of those working with children to provide support for language development and sustenance of the child but a joint partnership with parents, caregiver, families and policymakers. Many parents begin communication with children once pregnancy is established in a woman and the voices of other people who communicate with this woman make contact with the baby. At early childhood stages babies cry to attract attention and communicate with adults to get what is their need. This cuts across when they are wet, hungry, in pain, need attention and adults in turn respond positively to the babies. From when children are delivered, they get integrated in the language of the day by those who interact with them as parents and other adults. They respond through meeting with eyes, making sounds and gurgling. This led the children through taking part in conversations and become communicators. The development of language is a strong bridge for a child's brain and cognitive development. When there exist many options of language to choose from, ingenuity of language usage abound and new ways of talking is generated. The creation of verbal communication cannot be viewed independently but hugely important to an all round development during the first years of his or her life.

The study investigates challenges facing entrepreneurship education in universities, North centra... more The study investigates challenges facing entrepreneurship education in universities, North central states of Nigeria. The focus of the study was on the weaknesses, and threats in the management of entrepreneurship education in the universities. A descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The sample for the study was composed through a multi-stage sampling technique. This gave a sample of 763 respondents used for the study. Based on the review of literature, two research questions and four null hypotheses guided the study. A questionnaire titled, Entrepreneurship Education Questionnaire (EEQ) was designed and used for the study. This instrument was validated and the overall reliability ascertained to be 0.75. From data collected, mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while T-test statistic was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Results show that universities have weaknesses in the management of entrepreneurship education, but they also have opportunities of managing entrepreneurship education. Results further show that there is no significant difference between the mean responses of lecturers and coordinators on the weakness and threats to entrepreneurship education in the Universities. Based on this, the work recommends that, the universities authorities should make provision for lecturers to go for workshops or seminars so as to be exposed to current trends in EED programme. The Federal Government of Nigeria should maintain a policy aimed at making adequate fund available for entrepreneurship education in the universities.

This paper investigates the variables employed for effective supervision of instruction for quali... more This paper investigates the variables employed for effective supervision of instruction for quality secondary education in Cross River state, Nigeria. The descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. Two research questions and one null hypotheses, tested at 0.05 level of significance guided the study. The study population comprised 6,285 respondents, made up of 346 supervisors, 828 principals and 5,124 teachers. Adopting stratified random sampling technique, 40 percent of the supervisors, principals and teachers from the States were selected to give a total sample of 2,514 respondents A researchers structured questionnaire tagged "Variables Employed for Effective Supervision of Instruction for Quality Secondary Education Questionnaire "(VEESIQSEQ). was face validated by three experts, two from educational administration and planning and one from measurement and evaluation, all from Ebonyi sate University Abakaliki. The instrument was trialtested on 20 respondents in Ebonyi state The reliability coefficients of the instrument were determined using Cronbach Alpha method. The yielded an overall results of 0.87., mean and standard deviation were used to answer research questions while. The null hypothesis was tested using t-test. The major findings include: Qualifications of supervisors of instruction and frequency of supervisory visits to secondary schools are key supervision of instruction variables that affect the quality of secondary. From the findings, the following recommendations are put forth, one of which is that Government should sponsor workshops, seminars, symposia and various in-service training programmes for the supervisors to update their knowledge and skills.

This paper investigates administrative strategies for the, attainment of quality assurance in sec... more This paper investigates administrative strategies for the, attainment of quality assurance in secondary schools in Cross River State. The design of the study employed a descriptive survey. Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. The population of the study comprised 5652 respondents. The sample of the study consisted of 228 principals. Questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection tagged Administrative Strategies for Attainment of Quality Assurance in Secondary Schools Questionnaire (ASAQASSQ). Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while t-test statistics was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance The findings of the study revealed that the School administrators' planning strategies for quality assurance in secondary schools include' staff personnel strategies for the achievement of quality assurance in secondary schools and budgeting strategies for the achievement of quality assurance in secondary schools it was recommended among others that state government should appoint capable and qualified persons as principals in order to implement the documented administrative strategies for quality assurance in secondary school administration.

1. Background of the Study The creation of the world was a product of speaking, as all created th... more 1. Background of the Study The creation of the world was a product of speaking, as all created things were commanded to be , mostly the creation of man that was through an invitation' lets create man in our image and likeness'(Gen 1;8) this makes Speaking an important aspect of language learning. In fact, it is seen as the main objective of language teaching and learning the teaching and learning of English language in Nigeria has a long history. With the advent of the British in the country, English was designated a socio-political and an economic language. Thus, the Nigerian constitution (2014:55) states that 'the business of the National Assembly shall be conducted in English. . .' Also, The Federal Ministry of Education, in the National Policy on Education (2013;16), indicates that 'the medium of instruction in the primary school shall be the language of the immediate environment for the first three years' and 'from the fourth year, English shall progressively be used as a medium of instruction...' In the light of this, therefore, English became a medium of communication in the country and the language of instruction in educational institutions; thus, the interest in learning the language increased. The imperative to learn the language was strengthened by the introduction of the language as a vital subject of study in the formal system of education especially in the secondary schools where it is a core subject. Due to this, the secondary school students' performance in the subject is constantly monitored both by the school and the society at large. For years now, the performance of the Nigerian secondary school students in English language has deteriorated. World Bank Report of February, 2017, on the quality of Nigerian university graduates, notes that poor mastery of English language is one of the areas of degeneration in the educational system (Sunday Guardian, March2019). Most often, comments on the fallen standard are based on the judgment that students no longer speak correct English. Many students have been observed to converse in pidgin English and at times in their mother tongue because they cannot express themselves adequately in the standard English (Mgbodile and Afangideh, 2005). For this reason, students ought to study oral English, properly. Studying oral English involves not only the learning of how to communicate orally in English but also to acquire the ability to understand and evaluate what others say (Akeredolu-Ale, 2005)), According to Mgbodile (2014), having competence in oral English is having the ability to understand and produce: The English sound system, Stress, intonation and rhythm,

THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES, 2020
The study was conducted to determine the level of awareness of education laws teachers and princi... more The study was conducted to determine the level of awareness of education laws teachers and principals in the
management of secondary education in cross river state Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The study
used a population of 279 schools with 4,987 teachers and a sample of 1,496 teachers. Questionnaire was used as
instrument to gather data. Two research questions were posed for the study The mean scores and standard deviation of
the responses were used to determine the level or extent of findings indicated that indicating that the respondents were
unaware of the education law of contract as applicable in the administration of staff and student personnel services and
that the teachers are aware of the law of liability while administering students’ personnel services in Cross River State
secondary school system based on the findings the following recommendations were made Principals of secondary
schools in addition to the acquired degrees in education should include a degree or diploma in administration in view of
the level of ignorance exhibited by them on basic principles of management and constitutional matters. And that
workshops, seminars and conferences should be organized at intervals by state ministry of education, National Union of
teachers (NUT), and Association of National Council of Principals (ANCOPS) to acquaint and remind principals and
teachers on education laws

Currently the reasons for mentoring in our career is on the increase as the operational environme... more Currently the reasons for mentoring in our career is on the increase as the operational environment is embedded with risk , change ,staff competition, unethical career practices , high uncertainty, unfavourable government policy implementation and ignorance of the role of mentors being in control of the weak site. It is grossly required for good mentoring to be in our educational system of rewards and promotion. The study therefore investigates mentoring and career development of academia in colleges of education in Cross River state, Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population for the study comprised all the 1075 Chief lecturers and young lecturers 'while multi choice sampling technique was used to sample 570 respondents. One research question and two research hypotheses guided the study. The researcher developed questionnaires tagged 'Mentoring and Career Development for Academia Questionnaire' (MCDAQ). Questionnaire containing 12 items was the instrument for data collection, which was validated by three experts from the University of Calabar, Calabar with total reliability coefficients of 0.82. Mean ratings and standard deviation were used in answering the research questions. While T test was used in testing the hypothesis. The major findings of the study revealed that mentoring is in practices in collages of education in Cross River state, Nigeria. That there is mentoring relationships among academic staff. The study also revealed that female face more challenges in course mentoring than the male academic

The journal "The Nigerian Educator' is a bold attempt to examine the revitalization of Nigerian e... more The journal "The Nigerian Educator' is a bold attempt to examine the revitalization of Nigerian education for national transformation. The complains of our educational system not meeting the yearning of Nigerians made the theme timely and welcoming. The various contributors made attempts to appraise how entrepreneurship education, peace education, information and communication technology, curriculum development, human resource development, vocational and technical education, guidance and counselling, teacher education, adult education, and soil conservation can be revitalize for national transformation The journal has a multidisciplinary approach and is unique and innovative because most of the authors possess diverse academic background in all the fields of education. The contributors tackled the topics in a simple straight forward manner that will stimulate the interest of the reading public, educators and the planners and implementers of our education. The journal is therefore strongly recommended for use in Colleges of Education, Universities and the public who possess sincere desire to transform the Nigerian education.

This paper investigates the variables employed for effective supervision of instruction for quali... more This paper investigates the variables employed for effective supervision of instruction for quality secondary education in Cross River state, Nigeria. The descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. Two research questions and one null hypotheses, tested at 0.05 level of significance guided the study. The study population comprised 6,285 respondents, made up of 346 supervisors, 828 principals and 5,124 teachers. Adopting stratified random sampling technique, 40 percent of the supervisors, principals and teachers from the States were selected to give a total sample of 2,514 respondents A researchers structured questionnaire tagged "Variables Employed for Effective Supervision of Instruction for Quality Secondary Education Questionnaire "(VEESIQSEQ). was face validated by three experts, two from educational administration and planning and one from measurement and evaluation, all from Ebonyi sate University Abakaliki. The instrument was trialtested on 20 respondents in Ebonyi state The reliability coefficients of the instrument were determined using Cronbach Alpha method. The yielded an overall results of 0.87., mean and standard deviation were used to answer research questions while. The null hypothesis was tested using t-test. The major findings include: Qualifications of supervisors of instruction and frequency of supervisory visits to secondary schools are key supervision of instruction variables that affect the quality of secondary. From the findings, the following recommendations are put forth, one of which is that Government should sponsor workshops, seminars, symposia and various in-service training programmes for the supervisors to update their knowledge and skills.

The standard of education and its functionality has been a major concern for educational administ... more The standard of education and its functionality has been a major concern for educational administrators in Nigeria, especially in this 21 st century. This is probably due to global interest in education which has been identified as a means of development by the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) targeted towards eradication of poverty across the globe. In a bid to improve educational standards in Nigeria, different governments had come up with different policies in education, all aiming at solving inherent social and economic problems like arm-robbery, kidnapping, hostage taking, and graduate unemployment amongst others. Literature is replete with the fact that many Nigerian graduates leave the university without jobs and with little or no hope of securing any for many years. For instance, Dabalen, Oni and Adekola (2000) observed that, unemployment among graduates in Nigeria is high, and their prospects for job have been worsened over time and without hope. They recycle themselves as postgraduates. Others without such opportunity and no hope of self-sustenance engage in various antisocial and nefarious activities such as cultism, armed robbery and insurgency (Soludo, 2006). These challenges, according to Mando and Akaan (2013) are common among university graduates in the North central states like Kogi, Benue, Taraba, Plateau and Kwara. As a result, several graduates of Benue State University and University of Agriculture, both in Makurdi, have indulged in acts of cultism, armed-robbery and other vices not worthy of university graduates. This problem is indeed, a fallout of the inability of the government, especially in Benue State (since the inception of democracy in 1999), to provide job opportunities for the steaming graduates in the State. As a result of the above problem, entrepreneurship education was introduced by the government in institutions of learning. The idea was to enable the students to appreciate the nature and dynamics of entrepreneurship, and subsequently,

The International Journal of Humanities & Social Studies
1. Background of the Study The creation of the world was a product of speaking, as all created th... more 1. Background of the Study The creation of the world was a product of speaking, as all created things were commanded to be , mostly the creation of man that was through an invitation' lets create man in our image and likeness'(Gen 1;8) this makes Speaking an important aspect of language learning. In fact, it is seen as the main objective of language teaching and learning the teaching and learning of English language in Nigeria has a long history. With the advent of the British in the country, English was designated a socio-political and an economic language. Thus, the Nigerian constitution (2014:55) states that 'the business of the National Assembly shall be conducted in English. . .' Also, The Federal Ministry of Education, in the National Policy on Education (2013;16), indicates that 'the medium of instruction in the primary school shall be the language of the immediate environment for the first three years' and 'from the fourth year, English shall progressively be used as a medium of instruction...' In the light of this, therefore, English became a medium of communication in the country and the language of instruction in educational institutions; thus, the interest in learning the language increased. The imperative to learn the language was strengthened by the introduction of the language as a vital subject of study in the formal system of education especially in the secondary schools where it is a core subject. Due to this, the secondary school students' performance in the subject is constantly monitored both by the school and the society at large. For years now, the performance of the Nigerian secondary school students in English language has deteriorated. World Bank Report of February, 2017, on the quality of Nigerian university graduates, notes that poor mastery of English language is one of the areas of degeneration in the educational system (Sunday Guardian, March2019). Most often, comments on the fallen standard are based on the judgment that students no longer speak correct English. Many students have been observed to converse in pidgin English and at times in their mother tongue because they cannot express themselves adequately in the standard English (Mgbodile and Afangideh, 2005). For this reason, students ought to study oral English, properly. Studying oral English involves not only the learning of how to communicate orally in English but also to acquire the ability to understand and evaluate what others say (Akeredolu-Ale, 2005)), According to Mgbodile (2014), having competence in oral English is having the ability to understand and produce: The English sound system, Stress, intonation and rhythm,

This paper investigates administrative strategies for the, attainment of quality assurance in sec... more This paper investigates administrative strategies for the, attainment of quality assurance in secondary schools in Cross River State. The design of the study employed a descriptive survey. Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. The population of the study comprised 5652 respondents. The sample of the study consisted of 228 principals. Questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection tagged Administrative Strategies for Attainment of Quality Assurance in Secondary Schools Questionnaire (ASAQASSQ) . Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while t-test statistics was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance The findings of the study revealed that the School administrators’ planning strategies for quality assurance in secondary schools include’ staff personnel strategies for the achievement of quality assurance in secondary schools and budgeting strategies for the achievement of quality assurance in ...
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Papers by Julius A Basake
management of secondary education in cross river state Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The study
used a population of 279 schools with 4,987 teachers and a sample of 1,496 teachers. Questionnaire was used as
instrument to gather data. Two research questions were posed for the study The mean scores and standard deviation of
the responses were used to determine the level or extent of findings indicated that indicating that the respondents were
unaware of the education law of contract as applicable in the administration of staff and student personnel services and
that the teachers are aware of the law of liability while administering students’ personnel services in Cross River State
secondary school system based on the findings the following recommendations were made Principals of secondary
schools in addition to the acquired degrees in education should include a degree or diploma in administration in view of
the level of ignorance exhibited by them on basic principles of management and constitutional matters. And that
workshops, seminars and conferences should be organized at intervals by state ministry of education, National Union of
teachers (NUT), and Association of National Council of Principals (ANCOPS) to acquaint and remind principals and
teachers on education laws