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Golam Rasul

International University Of Business Agriculture and Technology(IUBAT), Economics, Faculty Member

ICIMOD, Sustainable Livelihoods and Poverty Reduction, Department Member

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Research interest that include agriculture, rural development, natural resource management, food security, poverty alleviation, regional cooperation, food, water, energy nexus and sustainable development in South and Southeast Asia region.
Address: Bangladesh

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Papers by Golam Rasul

Policy Priorities for Sustainable Mountain Development; Proceedings and Selected Papers from The ICIMOD Regional Policy Workshop

The International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) is an independent 'Mountain... more The International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) is an independent 'Mountain Learning and Knowledge Centre' serving the eight countries of the Hindu Kush-Himalayas -Afghanistan , Bangladesh , Bhutan , China , India , Myanmar , Nepal , and Pakistan -and the global mountain community. Founded in 1983, ICIMOD is based in Kathmandu, Nepal, and brings together a partnership of regional member countries, partner institutions, and donors with a commitment for development action to secure a better future for the people and environment of the extended Himalayan region. ICIMOD's activities are supported by its core programme donors: the governments of Austria,

119 State Policies and Land Use in the Chittagonghill Tracts of Bangladesh

THE GATEKEEPER SERIES of the Natural Resources Group at IIED is produced by the Sustainable Agric... more THE GATEKEEPER SERIES of the Natural Resources Group at IIED is produced by the Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Livelihoods Programme. The Series aims to highlight key topics in the field of sustainable natural resource management. Each paper reviews a selected issue of contemporary importance and draws preliminary conclusions for development that are particularly relevant for policymakers, researchers and planners. References are provided to important sources and background material.

Capitalisation and Sharing of Experiences on the Interaction between Forest Policies and Land Use Patterns in Asia: Linking People with Resources; Volume 1: Proceedings Summary

Cover photo: Background: Trials on a private silvopastoral plantation in Bhutan -P. Gyamtsho Inse... more

Equity and social justice in water resource management in Bangladesh

The gatekeeper series of the Natural Resources Group at IIED is produced by the Sustainable Agric... more The gatekeeper series of the Natural Resources Group at IIED is produced by the Sustainable Agriculture, Biodiversity and Livelihoods Programme. The series aims to highlight key topics in the field of sustainable natural resource management. Each paper reviews a selected issue of contemporary importance and draws preliminary conclusions for development that are particularly relevant for policymakers, researchers and planners. References are provided to important sources and background material. The series is published three times a year and is supported by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) and the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC). The views expressed in this paper are those of the author(s), and do not necessarily represent those of the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida), the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) or any of their partners.

Nepal's Forest Policies on Community Forestry Development: the Government Perspective

About the Organisations, 2006

Forest user groups are managing more than 1.1 million hectares or 25% of the national forests. Al... more Forest user groups are managing more than 1.1 million hectares or 25% of the national forests. Although the greenery has been maintained and expanded in some areas, and local communities are getting various benefits, the programme still faces many challenges. These challenges include pro-poor orientation of the programme; focus on income generation activities; managing forests to produce 'in-demand' products and intensification; involvement of local government, and so on. Despite the achievements, the contribution of community forestry to poverty alleviation as targeted by the Tenth Plan or Poverty Reduction Strategy Plan and Millennium Development Goals is limited. In addition, challenges also lie in increasing the productivity of forests and strengthening good governance for equitable sharing of benefits. Therefore, the government is implementing programmes to tackle second generation reforms in three thematic areas: sustainable forest management, livelihood promotion, and good governance.

A Framework for Addressing the Twin Challenges of COVID-19 and Climate Change for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security in South Asia

Frontiers in sustainable food systems, Jul 19, 2021

Climate change has begun to ravage agriculture and threaten food security in many parts of the wo... more Climate change has begun to ravage agriculture and threaten food security in many parts of the world. The novel coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has further disrupted agricultural activities and supply chains and has become a serious threat for public health. Like in many developing countries, South Asian farmers are now facing the double challenge of addressing the impacts of a changing climate and managing the disruptions caused by COVID-19. Despite growing concern, there is limited understanding of how climate change, public health, and COVID-19 interact, and of the possible pathways to achieving a climate-friendly recovery from COVID-19 to achieve food and nutrition security. In view of this, this paper explores the multifaceted challenges that farmers are now facing in South Asia due to climate change and the disruption caused by COVID-19 from the agricultural and food security lens. The analysis reveals that the complex interactions of COVID-19 and climate change have impacted all dimensions of food security. These interlinkages demand an integrated approach in dealing with food, public health, and climate change to harness synergies and minimize trade-offs between food production, public health, and climate mitigation. I present a framework to address the immediate challenge of COVID-19 and the longer-term challenge of anthropogenic climate change. Key elements of the framework include the strengthening health sector response capacities, strengthening of local and regional food systems, making agriculture resilient to pandemics, adopting flexible and smart approaches-including the implementation of climate-smart agricultural interventions on different scales, promotion of appropriate research and innovation, and the integration of short-term support to address the challenges of COVID-19 to build long-term productivity, and resilience of food systems by investing on natural capital. This framework would enable policy makers to choose the appropriate policy responses at different scales, to address these twin challenges of COVID-19 and climate change.

How rickshaw pullers are reducing Bangladesh's carbon footprint Golam Rasul

The Business Standard , 2024

Bangladesh's rickshaw pullers play a surprisingly vital role in reducing carbon emissions and com... more

Community Forestry in Nepal: Achievements, Opportunities, and Challenges: A Case Study of Gadibaraha Community Forest in Dang

About the Organisations, 2006

61 lessons learned from community forestry in nepal ICIMOD P artnership Platforms 2/06 (S) Commun... more

Nepal's buffer zone programme: a showcase of a participatory approach to protected area management

About the Organisations, 2006

Protected area management is now focused on meeting people's basic needs so that resource use pre... more Protected area management is now focused on meeting people's basic needs so that resource use pressures on parks/reserves decrease. The buffer zone programme has made remarkable progress, particularly in natural resource conservation, social mobilisation and social capital generation, development of alternative energy, and human resource development at the community level. The institutionalisation of different community-based organisations in buffer zones is a stepping stone towards empowering and involving people in resource management. Revenue sharing in buffer zones is considered to be an important factor in reducing park-people conflicts and enhancing the community's perceptions about protected areas. User group formation at settlement level is found to be very effective in improving social integration and encouraging a high level of people's participation. The participatory decision-making processes of buffer-zone institutions have made the people more accountable to buffer-zone communities. Capital generation and mobilisation is one of the key components of community development initiatives. For the sustainability of the institution and programme, it is strongly recommended to improve buffer-zone legislation, forging partnerships with all relevant partners, establishing sustainable funding sources, and strengthening the buffer-zone networking forum in order to share experiences among various stakeholders laterally and vertically. Furthermore, it emphases improvement in management capability by providing training for community and staff at all levels. It is also suggested that a spatial strategy be introduced for promoting each protected area and developing a plan that is pro-poor, pro-women, and pro-special target groups. Adequate conservation awareness and outreach and skill enhancement programmes should be designed to meet the needs of the target groups and encourage local people to be custodians for the conservation of resources.

Developing an integrated catchment management through water quality assessment, landuse changes analysis, soil erosion study & community engagement in Bertam River Catchment, Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

The rapid boost in construction and agro-tourism activities has significantly threatened the wate... more The rapid boost in construction and agro-tourism activities has significantly threatened the water quality within Bertam River Catchment, Cameron Highlands (BRCC) in Malaysia during the last two decades. The scenario has drawn the attention to investigate the relationship between land use and water quality for the sustainable development of BRCC. Hence, the current research aims at developing an effective model for the sustainable management of BRCC using integrated assessment of scientific findings with quantitative social information. Scientific assessment was carried out to determine the spatio-temporal variations of water quality, to assess the landuse changes and their impacts on water quality, as well as to estimate the spatial distribution of soil erosion under different landuses. To investigate water quality, samples were collected six times from January 2014 to February 2015 from twelve preselected stations. A total of fourteen water quality parameters were analyzed. For la...

Participatory 3-dimensional modelling: a pivotal tool for sustained community engagement and empowerment in mountain natural resource management

Creating community tenure: policies and institutions for community-based management

Defining and deconstructing land tenure is a complex process in South Asia. Tenure is overlapping... more Defining and deconstructing land tenure is a complex process in South Asia. Tenure is overlapping. The same plot of land is perceived as having a different tenure status from state ownership to private ownership, depending on who is asked. Overlaps exist not only between the land use and use rights of various stakeholders but also between de jure and de facto tenure. Hence, getting a clear picture of the tenure stakeholders is the first step towards establishing a successful community-based land use and natural resource management approach like community forestry. As actual use and use rights often overlap, management choices affect the interests of the various stakeholders. That is, the short-term and long-term goals of management and the technologies required to achieve them invariably affect tenure and shares received by competing claimants. Therefore, it is important that a co-management approach involving all stakeholders, and taking into account the interest of various groups ...

Advances in Participatory Forest Management in South Asia; Learning from Field Experience in Bhutan, India and Nepal

and the global mountain community. Founded in 1983, ICIMOD is based in Kathmandu, Nepal, and brin... more and the global mountain community. Founded in 1983, ICIMOD is based in Kathmandu, Nepal, and brings together a partnership of regional member countries, partner institutions, and donors with a commitment for development action to secure a better future for the people and environment of the extended Himalayan region. ICIMOD's activities are supported by its core programme donors: the governments of Austria,

Agrobiodiversity in the Sikkim Himalaya; Sociocultural Significance, Status, Practices, and Challenges : ICIMOD Working Paper 2016/5

Participatory Forest Management in South Asia; A Comparative Analysis of Policies, Institutions and Approaches

Printed and bound in Nepal by Hill Side Press (P) Ltd. Kathmandu Reproduction This publication ma... more Printed and bound in Nepal by Hill Side Press (P) Ltd. Kathmandu Reproduction This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. ICIMOD would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from ICIMOD. Note The views and interpretations in this publication are those of the author(s). They are not attributable to ICIMOD and do not imply the expression of any opinion concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or the endorsement of any product.

The Great Glacier and Snow-Dependent Rivers of Asia and Climate Change: Heading for Troubled Waters

Water Resources Development and Management, 2021

The glacier-and snow-fed river basins of the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) mountains provide water to... more The glacier-and snow-fed river basins of the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) mountains provide water to 1.9 billion people in Asia. The signs of climate change in the HKH mountains are clear, with increased warming and accelerated melting of snow and glaciers. This threatens the water, food, energy and livelihood security for many in Asia. The links between mountains and plains and the differential impacts of climate change on societies upstream and downstream need to be better established to improve adaptation measures. This chapter sheds light on climate change impacts on the cryosphere and mountains, the impact on river systems and the social consequences of such changes in mountains, hills and plains. In high mountains and hills, the impact of climate change is clear, as seen in changes in agropastoral systems and the increasing occurrence of floods and droughts, with losses and damages already high. Moving downstream, the climate change signal is harder to separate from other environmental and management factors. This chapter outlines how climate change in the mountains will impact various sectors in the hills and plains, such as hydropower, irrigation, cities, industries and the environment. It discusses how climate change will potentially lead to increased disasters and out-migration of people. The chapter concludes by highlighting necessary actions, such as the need to reduce emissions globally, build regional cooperation between HKH countries, increase technical and financial support for adaptation, and more robust and interdisciplinary science to address changing policy needs.

Value chain development of bay leaf in Nepal: an impact assessment

Journal of Development Effectiveness, 2018

We assessed an impact of bay leaf value chain intervention programme on household welfare in moun... more We assessed an impact of bay leaf value chain intervention programme on household welfare in mountain agroforestry context. We used primary survey data from project and comparison villages and propensity score matching for creating a valid counterfactual. Results indicate that households in the project villages planted 75 per cent more bay leaf trees, produced 170 per cent more bay leaves and sold more quality products at higher prices than households in comparison villages; percapita household income increased by NPR 5000-7300, share of bay leaf income in total household income increased by 8-10 per cent and level of poverty declined by 6-8 per cent. Households with female respondents benefited more in some aspects but not so in others, especially in enrolling children in school.

Himalayan waters at the crossroads: issues and challenges

International Journal of Water Resources Development, 2015

The Hindu Kush Himalayas are called the water towers of Asia as they are the source of 10 major r... more The Hindu Kush Himalayas are called the water towers of Asia as they are the source of 10 major rivers and have the largest snow and ice deposits outside the two poles. Water emanating from the HKH provides food, energy and ecosystem services to up to 1.3 billion people. Climate change and socioeconomic and demographic changes have put unprecedented pressure on these water resources, leading to uncertain supplies, increased demands and higher risks of extreme events like floods and droughts. The eight articles in this special issue highlight various dimensions of the Himalayan water resources by focusing on both physical and social science aspects of water management.

From Farmers to Entrepreneurs—Strengthening Malta Orange Value Chains Through Institutional Development in Uttarakhand, India

Mountain Research and Development, 2015

BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access t... more

Advances in community forestry in Asia

… the interaction between forest policies and land …, 2006

Over the years, one thing that has become increasingly evident is that there can be no single mod... more Over the years, one thing that has become increasingly evident is that there can be no single model for community forestry. Countries in the region have different historical, political, social, and economic settings, and this has given rise to a variety of community forestry modalities. In some areas, rural communities living in or near forestland may use forest resources according to some form of indigenous management system. In other locations, local communities are being seen as legitimate partners for the effective management of forest resources that, until recently, have been managed by government forestry authorities. Approaches taken vary from country to country. For example, in Nepal, access and use rights to forests are given to forest user groups, whereas, in Vietnam, forestland is allocated to individual households *. On the other hand, in Thailand, many community forestry initiatives are happening on the ground without any national framework to legitimise these local efforts. In contrast, the legal framework for community forestry is widely recognised in the Philippines, but it has yet to be translated into a reality that benefits local communities. At present most community forestry activities are planned and implemented within the individual country context (social, economic, political, and environmental). While this is important, many of the problems facing any one country in promoting community forestry are also common to other countries. Analysis of these issues and strategies to address them will be more effective if carried out jointly at the regional level rather than at the individual country level. * A new forestry law will come into effect from April 2005 that will enable forest management through communities. Mike Nurse 1 and Yam Malla 2 1 Manager, Regional Analysis and Representation, 2 Executive Director, Regional Community Forestry Training Centre for Asia and the Pacific (RECOFTC) Community forestry explained Community forestry as a term means different things to different people, depending upon their background and experiences. The Regional Community Forestry Training Centre for Asia and the Pacific (RECOFTC) currently defines it as follows. 'Community forestry involves the governance and management of forest resources by communities for commercial and non-commercial purposes, including subsistence, timber production, non-timber forest products, wildlife, 26 interaction between forest policies and land use patterns in asia ICIMOD Partnership Platforms 2/06 (S)